—— (Sree Sars] ATES] © - i j Hajer suasystems regiived 0h Satellite, ; Ve mapi satellite subsiptem ove, Le Aeteude ard — evbit Caritrel | system selerwentyy pTracki Commend ond ahtodry Sabsystems pouey agpiem. * Communication Subsystems y 5 setellite ontennar ea > Télemontyy ; tedlg Common and __montiotng ” f htt Tele moby * , 4 eth deta ts Gllected Fen rreny Telemetay es the process, iin enses) th tre Satdlite through stelemetyy link, to monitor ented teeth hoo Pronk Meavn peta Ber cagivedent ef Tdenety gyn bib oom are | repiverment- | OF tdlemeby, Siptem Ove. tk Po Kaco Whe States AE preasoe +the fuol tank, Critical and control te ort Corvents In tre Communication Aectronies voltages tx the THESES. canditioning Unt ond Current ( oy Nottege ond convents dan by ech Subsystem: a. Tt beo -temperactare | of tHe Subsysterns odawe Knas tre | status of the Sighting chvices te maintain «& This ts Mmportant banuse if oe fail af satellite od trey ray post 4 oe the soteliite . from the pesition celtite In bstorg ivection 5. Tp disceonnet the foulty unt Command System Analysis: Fre dita cAlectad Fon Sensors ond to big ~pare by So tt Ts” ore in araleg Reco Best degtited od transmitted as phase’ shift keging CPpsk) 6 a telemetry carver using Pre Division Hultiplexteg CDH)» | data te transmitted to @ayth Station by Satellite TTC od H Command od Meniterag) antenna as she Crelemetyy Tracking od Wee Coxvier ‘45 Kaeo [in Ripre 12° Newon bond esetth motateined jot, the yeceiver by tronsmitting loca ‘cotete. We Yewived data ts deaded ies the Computed £0 thet the Sta on tre satellite 1 be detevmived by ‘ine Command) [ts 7 sent back to -Sotellite ' ratio exe rate data Son monitored Stored , of any Sgstem _ the G@atdller - i i by Gommord aransmitter thor? Qe satellite _ Tren b.Tracking 15 the process of estimating the Cument Orbit of a space craft by determing orepla positon od Vange of the technique fs the mast Sorrel ased Bephntpe fo teat ie Cigplans (PeSitio yn Belair spiccmeve eels Ve angular measurements toler Rem single Space craft ty a hy axe SuPRaent te Ard te orbital posorreters « The Yonge of eroasured by determing the Yound typ tne cklag of a pulse pulses ove transmitted to ve satellH2 and they de vecetved ati) Comte EMR w Time delay betosaey the transmitted and veteved pulse ts datermined by tat%y prase difference A moe Accurate methed to determtne the position ch ts Show 79 Space cragt- Horepalse Spacecraft ts betean tem. of Setellite ts multitore verging system ehi Figure 2- stable yefer enter G be the measured Fey Halt sia os System Let f be te tel phase shift ‘ta degree phase Shift. Then expression Re the Toe R fs Pani es yee Wn xo Ana ©> cavelengtr , " ii Nn = Unknown integer and its value Vores > Satelite Antennod:- The four types of antennas Syucture emplaed few Communication aye. I. ltre Antenna tke Antenna ore the Simplest type gk eperates ot WHR and ONF — fegencies » Frey Ove. Va telerretsty tracking Comrand and — monitoring Systeras Provide Omnidivectionnt Coverage . antenna Hom Antena |. TRts antenna eerates at Mmicraae fregenias and fap Me cide beams, trey ave osal By Geol ong - ‘antenna Gan provide 0 gin af 28 d& or a Ream caictt, G0 Mgex gptn or rowom beam isdtn 18 vegan | rePlector antennas are osed: Herm antenna Qn be tre feed for tre veflector: Reflector Antennas 1 j P lovee Aperture Gan be achteved by 0 veflector ant Red with ome oF mreve Vorns. TR Achieve rray’mom # Peover ts, to be ffrercted | tobe) Aperture Of the &. Array Antennar !- R grep gf Grell artennon | Properly Spaced od edeo PRevent pra tn omkr to produce Yodiation tr partcalan dire clon ave lled Array — antennos. phase array antennas are axray antennas 70 cach Yadliations ave. Varfed! by Chogt~g He how of We Clevents yYather thon the position « An clectrg nie steorrg devi Can be bed te vory tre vodiotins . There type of antenrox, ore esdely ased for gotollites, pacer Systems, 5, All Comment cater satellites abtcin then clechial pouty Par Sdas cals~ Tee calls Comet te — trident Sunlight Tato lectyfcat energy: Some deep Space Yescarch Satellites Qe nuckny gprerates. Trtensity 9p Yodation falting onte Satellite fn a Fastationsy bit Prom the Sanit \about | 87k /m” Salar alls do rot Convert NN the enemy caion Bale on them but only 20 te 25 percent op energy ts Converted at the besfning ef life Ord alls ety because of Aging and. a: Sire poser Is to be Spplied N tre end ¢ life, 16 percent ext¥a olay Cell area fs Provide! an alletsance fey Ogfng Ce Rrebvicnd beds Qed fr Solor ells is used fg pocnes ogrecation In O Pin Stobilaed Satellite, isdn’ Soil ave Yototed ‘by an eclectic moter ona per | 24 hrs eep tre cells t4 Pal) Suolight < This Guses the ells ty Hey pt 50° 4p Rec which Causes & drap jg Output Voltage, The. MS coal down Gh [a Shadows od Yun at 2d Soc Hh me hat Wier eFRciency «Te stbgstem dosing Launch ond eclipse owe, porered by batter’ & carted ky te Setoliite. Eclipse occur around te Spring od fall Cquirexes, den the Carths achssk 4he Setellne + darat Ve levees aration af eclipse: on rads at Ord September 2): ore sed baie a ge passes fo eta thick occeis Batteries Usually, trode of nickel - hydrogen. capacty Ce 17 7 Yeliability ad OL then Safe dischorep renin) SAow, Gils tS Tre excess charged con present o> Gla Si unit. Ty pak batts Nite! by Mtrel oupocsen | decditiening, of 2s leo Brey > \ Be is rs Be 5 Ke Capaakes aay? f rh J fo Satellite Gn be chat as Shoo to |w Nis@lla nesos Cin) Comenuricatfon ub Siitemee. Rue ahuss o yepteertation ef ComMbn tration Subsystem. Te, betas Aho User on one poht ag earth ho wants tp Communicate sth other User, Te User-h $8 connected te the earth Station throsgh 0 tdephye sisi oF dedicstect lire +> He earth Steticn. ae Switch o¢ tak ts termed O& terrestrial Network. ela eee Barth station i fervestyial# base bore) Sina) 1 generated by ser -)- Thés Seal spas tre eayth Se en Re Sea Soko moduloten re tit (il Grd hen tronsmits the madulated Si used % Lrensmiiting athe Segal Romi Garth to the Satelite o> Uplink Fregeercy “re sedellite HrereMen he Sigel ord a6 Kroes +> te Sotcllte. Te | a Repeater by orm ling te Seo 45. @yth is douanln ‘ 7 Hint. Progeny Woke athe destead | Wer -2 oe tee Te opm Lego % alas —eeaker thon the daanltail AP these fee Wrageendien heme gel then tt may lead Rtewerence of Sige. , 4 stude Conte) Bleck dtegyon of ve Pypheal os) Shes x fn a 2pfoner Satellte_ ae pos = a Upper Semsox Eb Gtol| Ratenno. posit] a ust) Abas of Sensor loues f Sent | yi \ fowl pile A Nos jet wot ole | Tee cutee Pets r Telemetes, Come bon Aronamtier, Ree { be | Cntod Catrol vecetvex System ‘Telemetry Ty an Mboovd Conta Eptem 00 Elo Contvl unt (@z0 enecetes t Mericas Control Operations fn Yexporse te) eer Voltage Bon lo hotter. Psictich “inet crit \Krecn as | th pulse fA Smples tre ON /orr lolas oP externa) Ssitcha, med reer ene lB ie Mictemeefpuler. Te BPC Ceavth phe! Comporatny ) Cantycls tre mamenton oP race craft, a) thode) He cbarclt Crceeds opper Unit’ ord Lewsey Unit. Te Acs CAttitede Grtrel gysten) Comprises “Yocket | mobs Osea! for moving the Setellte Lock te Hh obit’ hen | dis app te Stotlors, 1 Te) go, Jets ove Usually used te Conte] the alttude of ite Stelle. Tre Ve Je ortea) unt sed hove 0 Cantea Er satelite tet ie Convectly points tecaosds the earth Sion Te, Febmetey hte gystero callects “the cet Row rank Bensocs OF) the a thah —telemetey Une bo molar ond Contin) the Satellites health. rth Tapas of ocket SO TE roe psee to +ypes fp yoorwk rote. Thy oe Satellite 1. Bipyopellant: Airoster, i } 2 Aro Jets ; / ; ; Bd ae RB uses bipropdlant Facls ‘Vike nono cagthyl hadrezine , Aetrowxide 42 generote | piss, Aros + eis i. hdad With Stardand ydrorne insted of moro- methyl eich ™Meon's they wt feo taithat, ay Oe f heok oy Aikroen ore 9x hydore . Tae Fads ave hapagolic, rstomtly ofter geting ent ContoctCoctalyst Bipropellant Ahvuster genevotes thrust pulser fr op 2. He and fin eroct divertor by baloney the bipwopellant fu Ave Jets :- Qe = Arc Jets or foo thrusters mafetains the esi tm lerge — aynount Hon Of North Station's They dandst provide He thrust ts) Aeguived Ru the fnstant irreverent of the satellite trey provide The wet Hed Ts) suffuent for divectors~ fositoni i Station M! — North- Suth ev Fast west Reliability ee Relrobstity of o Satelite System fs falculated due te Abllewsing, Years - TD krowe the probability that tre Subsystem ei e@en after the Spedhed Life Hine periad. a Te provide yeldudoat) Conporents In He floe abere probobiltty ep Petlure Gan be cosy accepted > alated ce rencting upon the satellites expected Cfeocthed Cost are cae yeliobility 9P Satellite od pra Marefactuvers estimate the tate Customers + Te de thts they make use of reliability, aad mothemeicas prediction Of feene of enpocted Oi sive orpt Heocy belas rhonddectuves to develop Salclliten, tahich tse a Predicted with aceptable —_Cest-Sy otcllte, aye, much | Csilfer than om, thor System itt lt RB Comporents: A bit geacynebverous orbit Satelite Yegurven cst ef reavly $ leo H, to get Constructed hich fs the Same kas tet to Grstrect a) being Ft Jet The reliability Component depois’ upen the probobilty of Failuve , Far exonp Nectronte Comporents rey bern (een inte beginning Stages or ever tm te last stag of they Ufetre. Therefxe ie ts expressed @n terms & paloobtlity & feilure Ofter a time aM L Pe(H. Te probably of Peslure oP on ebelronte Gampwseht Is expressed a hathtab Carve Show 79 Reore » Probolslity of Feflure Burn #0 Expected OP me Te il NR cation | - fp (Omir eae satellite Quel’ NReation FSO ri Sed Spe qualifatier Fs ods tre @mperent Oxed fer, clesenicg sce lowe|| deckeortee Hiss) Coppaaes used Br) On be gprat to 46%. Ps He head Yodiotal by do the Surbace Of the)! SPacecrafe cach Ganvet be vodliated fack Qa cactly safaly botaeen Oe tre Sun 3S exposed chcocty, Lae coer;Bi We Sali bamuse if Veer cebresphere. Thos —aove ck the | Batelite | Surfoor alls + abslute 2@ro- IN te howdlin | HR) bid) Hempevatere | 8 gtelite 07 [evel Kreemal, contd system # vteds ploy ove te Sam sabsysien of Satelite qualified Components ; different Ruted Te re © Space croft ond the of 4edting Space Croft Com porter Bem -.) Wes Nee ae Complete tested: Tre prowss performed by Lsiqg three prototype @ mechanical meclek Thermal rreckl ond diy Electyicak madef. ey Therevo _rreclel cS Ths tye of mreclel ts | axtificiallsy char He Spam cred reliabt lity ef all tHe dectoric mn Ig) Hedortat Medel 1- eae po the -Strectural ord mei “Compnents of the Spare cred crallrtested Suh Hot they ated —peperly gn Vacuum od Can With Stand Ong “vibration and thermal Blettoal mredel Tits med test tre lected Perfrmorce af al ie Comporents od antenna Unde) total) accu odile of vere of | themperccture. Te antenna ased ta tits mesled wst offer acavate bean Usidth » gnin- Ord palovizat [ Potion Propedts DTP one of the Cemporent Sealed inthe Sgtem the he aa ce Gemmnunicater Capadty of the Satellite , thos backup fs praided hier Gan cudomobeelly Ssiichedd +t eperate te System, ys pees © fepllanly ‘ded by NASA Od helps tm improving We \Retime \lopitte Stelle tq He oybit- \Jontas Satellite Subsystems orl | thefr_furpese 1 principal —— ee eee ST parameters 5- Verntoag SxtellPte subsystems are J Le Conmuntaction Sibsysten Bf THis System Consists notsork of transponders Gna! Ontenhas . Function? stords Tinpattont for te Signal prowessieg, reeptio, 2 amplification, Yetronsmission arc Vadtes¥ieg operations » principal Qonbtative Chemacteristics 8 G) -Transmiiter power 6) Bordasidtth iy Benen eatelth a) Octo Stroctured. Subystems , ae Se huitan a ott Spececia Pe srs lReaser Hips ET AC Be a cs aden iter Moe ais rroverenst Ia SoaRurction. gall sgpalts tre Spacecraee phystaally Ol | Poke te male @ Soke ‘launch. eed Prirerpal Guontitabwe — chanoctoristion f Ct a a. €> Reasorant Rreqecrbe G) Stractual Shera ths 3. “Telomebtd , Tracking Or Commerc! Canes) Shasten =— (eet ond) tre oAGam Sitter of the Sctellite Ws | s cyte flere | Bode: "STR Oo SH5091 Function 3— Tre Stolus of the SpocecvaFt , execetion fathe a to o> ie copt- The recelved Sql "fed d strength by oom bord past gi Fron Space ampliBer , cdetch | Orpplifien the. Swed Fre arnplifed sqroh posed Hnexh a sre lcal oscillator * Femove unesanted Kregencien - down Carwertey to SRE” Brags es owe Ber to Temove gresontect brogeerty Then the Serot ts amplifier toc rn ass Blox dean @nversion cperetion t Signo! od posed tevergh ae posed Rh Secand Stage to TP Ten ese | Ast Te Stroh th cactoins up Gnverter” od mts shady cedietiey | Coreg | ta) OF sol petted ion BF Seek. Te ee tes she amplified by NW Orie Meares) Aten 6 Then See, ebtatned Signal otenday | eresvap the opel ts te we as divect by wrogh to tre Ht dour lnk og tefir ARE Aranspoder ot ko hard: Ty receivera oe Explate we aye pote ay ng eae pore tm) Gta [bbck trwequined fe por ben uncdely Pw G0 sald, yy ‘xtaleo, artacrated with Geo ™» Atabibyzalt, Thre ants thaslacbe zal tay Fes kone in Arabi yed by vatalty Pm Wreck bt generale quroscpte \ a) Tm Ve alban ectRaw Angle co many Le fade linn whels Ona agp pabilize the Rebellte drnen lay ehodkie, omoley Ruin + be om We Com tegth 4 Ceonior halter, UG AN be Gor MRallad > Aon palette amremrentien sy OR appetite Linde, , A Kepcnney Balada Cownprihes powry: tyler ancl Welket indies O ay Cybemdnted Orit eneloted &, Adley Colby, Ab We apen g tee Arm om eledike moltr clriiay CommunrCaltan huyclis % cya Wed ak ay) vole ted ty tee opporcte cdinulie, q AnteMiti yinliey + Thete aachitenms AL UMIAG ars. known aS desginn. on ta drvwn's edge fomalk roltah gas gels are Srttaled + chuoring tt loumh Rowed ata propey pod walWx talallite apina: Ten wa ole Afin prion oh OVO ond hone eorth & poinld by primey Te ok amtidrna, port: “ Sadelialan empoy tao pr % xpi nen fil ( palo, ual maple by bapepathand Un Fw North — Seat alien Keasping preter largo Jom Thy whirs (rth) » Taure svat, dant proud. er tent for meting tan potale te fpuedilj- ents oii Untalevyupled tryutt Con oJ SRA aie uoyth Rebate) A z \ Ne ie q X ¢ Aur 4 ON oA — 4 Pee only Ag G) Fetes ablivg oy, Sodetlote A 4 d A alae yy Yane Ahial tenet onal Ge Bhorkd be plated Mo eynratorn Pla « G) We Mage | be orhit Rhadd ba Ccrtsley- Wi) Mh oral be Avhcalid aban accurale aM Bath—uteast and vevthy—Sarth maneuver ® One newnally fee EW Corvebtas bab oD Vwriodiolly, Fellas by u—s cowettiars [sft olhoy