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I B.Tech Regular Examinations, May/Jun 2008
PROCESS ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. (a) What are the various unit operations involved in downstream processing?
(b) Explain in detail about the various unit operations involved in process indus-
tries. [8+8]
2. 17.2 Grams of N2 O4 gas, when heated to 100o C at 720 mm Hg undergoes 90% dis-
sociation according to the equation N2 O4 → 2NO2 . Calculate the volume occupied
at 100o C and 720 mm Hg assuming ideal gas law. [16]
3. State and prove Bernoulli’s theorem for incompressible fluid and indicate the cor-
rections necessary for its applications. [16]
4. (a) If the velocity distribution of a fluid over a plate is given by u=(3/4)y-y2 where
u is the velocity in metre per sec at a distance of y meters above the plate,
determine the shears stress at y=0.15 meters.
Take the dynamic viscosity of the fluid as 8.5×10−5 kg-sec/m.
(b) Classify the types of fluid. [8+8]
6. Explain
7. (a) Derive an expression for the pressure difference across two limbs of a differ-
ential manometer containing two gauge fluids, mutually immissible. What
factors influence the sensitivity?
(b) A simple U-tube manometer is installed across an orifice meter. The manome-
ter is filled with mercury (sp. Gravity =13.6) and the liquid above the mercury
is carbon tetrachloride (sp. Gravity =1.6). The manometer reads 300 mm.
What is the pressure difference over the manometer in Newton’s per square
meter? [8+8]
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Code No: 07A12301 Set No. 1
8. (a) Explain the construction and working of a volute pump. Explain its function
with neat sketches.
(b) A centrifugal pump is to be used to extract water from a condenser in which
the vacuum is 640 mm of Hg. At the rated discharge the net positive suction
head must be at least 3.0m above the cavitation vapour pressure of 710 mm
Hg. If losses in a suction pipe account for a head of 1.5 m. What must be the
least height of the liquid level in the condenser above the pump inlet.
(c) Discuss briefly about centrifugal pumps. [5+6+5]
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Code No: 07A12301 Set No. 2
I B.Tech Regular Examinations, May/Jun 2008
PROCESS ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆
2. (a) A steel container has a volume of 200 m3 . It is filled with nitrogen at 220 C and
atmospheric pressure. If the container valve is opened and the container heated
to 2000 C. Calculate the fraction of the nitrogen which leaves the container.
(b) Distinguish between density and specific gravity.
(c) i. Convert 1 poise to British Engineering units and SI units.
ii. Convert 1 kw to h.p.
iii. Convert 36 mg to grams. [5+5+6]
3. State and prove Bernoulli’s theorem for incompressible fluid and indicate the cor-
rections necessary for its applications. [16]
6. A regenerative heater is packed with a bed of 6 mm cubes. The cubes are poured
into the cylindrical shell of the regenerator to a depth of 3.5 m such that the bed
porosity was 0.44. If air flows through this bed entering at 25o C and 7 atm abs and
leaving at 200o C, calculate the pressure drop across the bed when the flow rate is
500 kg/hr per square meter of empty bed cross section. Assume average viscosity
as 0.025 cP and density as 6.8 kg/m3 . [16]
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Code No: 07A12301 Set No. 2
(b) How does a U- tube manometer function and derive an expression for ∆P.
[8+8]
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Code No: 07A12301 Set No. 3
I B.Tech Regular Examinations, May/Jun 2008
PROCESS ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆
4. Define Viscosity. With a neat sketch explain the principle and working of plate and
cone viscometer. [16]
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Code No: 07A12301 Set No. 3
8. (a) Write shortnotes on
i. Water hammer, and
ii. Net positive suction head.
(b) Plot a graph to explain the characteristics of centrifugal pump? [8+8]
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Code No: 07A12301 Set No. 4
I B.Tech Regular Examinations, May/Jun 2008
PROCESS ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆
2. (a) An empirical equation for calculating the inside heat transfer coefficient, hi ,
for the turbulent flow of liquids in a pipe is given by:
hi = 0.023 G0.8 K 0.67 Cp0.33 /D0.2 µ0.47
where hi = heat transfer coefficient, Btu/(hr)(f t)2 (0 F )
G = mass velocity of the liquid, lbm/(hr)(ft)2
K = thermal conductivity of the liquid, Btu/(hr)(ft)(0 F )
Cp = heat capacity of the liquid, Btu/(lbm)(0 F )
m = Viscosity of the liquid, lbm/(ft)(hr)
D = inside diameter of the pipe, (ft).
i. Verify if the equation is dimensionally consistent.
ii. What will be the value of the constant, given as 0.023, if all the variables
in the equation are inserted in SI units and hi is in SI units.
(b) Write the dimensions for the following in S.I.
i. kg/m3
ii. N/ m3
iii. Watt
iv. J/kg
v. m.m.kg.m.s/s.m3 .kg.
(c) Convert 80 degree celcius into degree fahreinheit and 120 degree fahreinheit
into centigrade celcius.
(d) Calcium carbonate is a naturally occuring white solid used in the manufacture
of lime and cement. Calculate the number of lb mols of calcium carbonate in:
i. 50 g mol of CaCO3.
ii. 150 kg of CaCO3.
iii. 100 lb of CaCO3. [4+4+4+4]
3. (a) Water at 60o C is pumped from a reservoir to the top of a mountain through a
15 cm pipe at a velocity of 3.5 m/s. The pipe discharges into the atmosphere
at a level of 1000 m above the level in the reservoir. The pipe itself is 1500
m long. If the overall efficiency of the pipe is 65 %. Calculate the power
requirement?
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Code No: 07A12301 Set No. 4
(b) Explain the concept of hydrostatic pressure. [12+4]
4. Describe the concept of velocity profiles of a fluid in between two plates, one is
stationary and the other moving with the velocity u. [16]
6. (a) Derive relations for Reynolds number and friction factor and establish the
Ergun equation for single-phase flow of fluid through packed bed.
(b) A mixture of vapors pass through a packed bed of glass spheres having density
2.4 g/cc each of diameter 0.5 cm. The pressure drop due to the flow is 4000
N/m2 . The height of packed bed is 1.85 m. The density and viscosity of the
vapor mixture are 3.8 ×10−3 g/cc and 0.015 cP respectively.
Data:
Cross sectional area of the packed column tube = 0.09 m2
Bed porosity = 0.4
Find the mass flow rate of the vapor mixture. [8+8]
8. (a) Briefly explain the situation under which vane pumps are used.
(b) Explain the construction and working of reciprocating pump and rotary pump.
[8+8]
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