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Grade 9 Notes

The document discusses complex permanent tissues in plants, specifically xylem and phloem, which consist of various cell types that perform specific functions such as water and nutrient transport. It also covers protective tissues, including the epidermis and cork, detailing their structure and functions in protecting the plant from injury and water loss. Additionally, it highlights the significance of cork in insulation and its applications in sports goods.

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Shaikh Abdur Rahman
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39 views2 pages

Grade 9 Notes

The document discusses complex permanent tissues in plants, specifically xylem and phloem, which consist of various cell types that perform specific functions such as water and nutrient transport. It also covers protective tissues, including the epidermis and cork, detailing their structure and functions in protecting the plant from injury and water loss. Additionally, it highlights the significance of cork in insulation and its applications in sports goods.

Uploaded by

Shaikh Abdur Rahman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Tissues

Complex permanent tissues-

Complex tissues in plants are made up of different types of cells that work together to
perform a specific function. Unlike simple permanent tissues, which consist of similar
cells, complex tissues have a diverse cellular makeup.

There are 2 types Of complex permanent issues-

Xylem

Phloem

Xylem Phloem
Conducts water and minerals from Conducts food materials from leaves to
the roots to different parts of the plant different parts of the plant.
It consists of four components- It consists of four components Sieve
tracheids, vessels ,Xylem tubes, Companion cells, phloem
parenchyma and Xylem fibres parenchyma and phloem fibres.

Protective tissue –

• The tissues that protect the plant from injuries are known as protective tissues.
• Protective tissues include epidermis and cork.

Epidermis-

• It is the outermost protective layer of plant, which is usually made up of single


layer of cells.
• Cells of the epidermis are flattened and elongated with no intercellular spaces.
• In plants, epidermis bears small pores known as stomata which helps in the
gaseous exchange of the plant.
• In some plants ,living in very dry habitats, the epidermis maybe thicker since
protection against water loss is critical.

Functions of Epidermis –

• The function of epidermis is the protection of plant from injury and infection.
• Cuticle of the epidermis helps to reduce water loss by evaporation to prevent
desiccation.
• Stomata present in the epidermis allow gaseous exchange to occur during
photosynthesis and respiration.
• It also facilitates transpiration.

Cork/phellem-

• Cork cells are dead cells without having intercellular spaces.


• The appear at the periphery of roots and stems when they grow older and increase
in girth.
• They also have a chemical called Suberin in walls that makes them impervious to
gases and water.

Functions of cork-

• The function of cork in plant body is to provide protection.


• It protects plants from external injury and infection.
• It also prevents dessication.
• Since cork does not catch fire easily, it is used for insulation, shock-absorber.
• it is also used for making sports goods, such as shuttlecock, table tennis
paddles, cricket balls, etc.

(Make diagrams of tissues from book)

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