Knowledge World Tuition Centre
Presents
Matrices
MATRICES
Multiplication Formula: Row x Column
(a b) , (c d) are the Rows. a are the Columns.
a b b
c
c d d
Usually one Row multiplies more than one Column.
Important Note: When Multiplying Matrices with different orders, find the order of each matrix
and finally find the order of the final Answer.
Example
2x1 2x3 This means that the final Answer will have 2 Rows and 3 Columns.
2x3
Numeric Examples: Multiply the following
1. 2.
2 1 4 3 1 0 -2
cvcvcv
3 4 1 2 0 1 5
2x4+1x1 2x3+1x2 5+0 0 + 12
3x4+4x1 3x3+4x2 15 + 0 0+6
8+1 6+2
5 12
12 + 4 9+8
15 6
9 8
16 17
1|Page
Knowledge World Tuition Centre
Presents
Matrices
3. ( -1 2 -3)
5 -2
4 2
3 1
(-1 x 5 + 2 x 4 + (-3 x 3) -1 x -2 + 2 x 2 + (-3 x 1) )
( -6 3)
TASK 1
Multiply the following;
1. 2. ( -3 6)
4 3 1 5 2 1
1 2 6 7 2 6
DETERMINANT & INVERSE
Formulas;
Det: ad – bc a b Inverse = 1 d -d
c d Det -c a
Examples;
1. Find the determinant of 3 4
-1 -2
Solution
3 (-2) – 4 (-1)
-6 + 4
-2
2. Given that matrix Q =
a 2
3 -2
a. Find the value of a, given that the determinant of Q is 2,
b. Write Q-1
2|Page
Knowledge World Tuition Centre
Presents
Matrices
Solution
a. a (-2) – 2 (3) = 2
-2a – 6 = 2
-2a = 2 + 6
-2a = 8
-2 -2
a = -4
b. Q-1 = 1 -2 -2
2 -3 -4
3.Given that the determinant of matrix A = x – 2 x is 4,
2 1
a. Find x
b. A-1
Solution
a. 1 (x – 2) – x (2) = 4 b. A-1 = 1 1 6
x – 2 – 2x = 4 4
x – 2x = 4 + 2 -2 -8
- x=6
x = -6
TRANSPOSE
When you transpose a matrix, you simply change the Rows to become Columns and Vice
Versa.
Examples
Find the transpose of the following;
a. A = 4 3
b. B = 3 BT = (3 6)
-5 6
6
cv
AT = 4 -5 c. C = (1 -2 3)
cv
3 6 CT = 1
-2
3
3|Page
Knowledge World Tuition Centre
Presents
Matrices
d.If AT = 1 , what is A?
-3 A = (1 -3 4)
4
TASK 2
1. Given that matrix A = 2 1 a. Calculate the value of the
determinant of A.
1 3 b. A-1
c. AT
2. The matrix A = 1 x a. Calculate the value of x if the
determinant of A is 5.
-1 2
b. A-1
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
1. Given that A = a. Find the determinant of A
3 -1
b. A-1
4 2
2. The determinant of the matrix k 5 is 14. Find k.
-1 2
3. Given that A = (2 2 -1), P = and Q = 2 -1
-1 -1
, Find
a. -2P 4 2 4 1
b. Determinant of Q
2 0
c. AP
d. AT
4|Page
Knowledge World Tuition Centre
Presents
Matrices
ANSWERS
TASK 1
1. 22 41 2. (6 33)
13 19
TASK 2
1. a. Det = 5 b. 1 3 -1 c. AT = 2 1
5 -1 2 1 3
2. a. x = 3 b. 1
5 2 -3
1 1
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
1. a. Det = 10 b. 1 2 1
10 -4 3
2. K = 4.5
3. a. b. Det = 6 c. (4 2) d. AT = 2
-2 2
2
-8 -4
-1
-4 0
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