PLASTERING
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INTRODUCTION
Plaster definition is - a medicated or protective dressing
that consists of a film (as of cloth or plastic) spread with
a usually medicated substance; broadly : something
applied to heal and soothe. How to use plaster in a
sentence.
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OBJECTIVES OF PLASTERING
1. To provide an even,smooth,regular,clean and durable
finished surface.
2. To preserve and protect the surfaces from
atmospheric influences
3. To cancel the defective workmanship.
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4. To cover up the porous materials and the joints
formed in the masonry works.
5. To provide a satisfactory base by applying
whitewashing, painting, distempering.
6. In internal plastering, the basic objective is to
protect from dust and verminnuissance.
• Before plastering , the surface should be prepared
• All masonry joints should be cleaned
• All unevenness should be removed
• Mortar drop and dust is removed with wire brushes
• The surface is washed and kept wet
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NUMBER OF COAT AND THICKNESS OF PLASTER
2 or 3 coat
Brick work and stone masonry need minimum 2 coat
Wood or metal need atleast 3 coat
First coat is known as undercoat or rendering (thickness is 10-15 mm) seals
surface
Second coat is called floating coat (thickness 6-9 mm)
Third coat is the finishing coat (thickness is 2-3mm)
Thickness of the external wall is 20 mm
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Lime plaster
Cement plaster
Gypsum plaster
Lime cement plaster
Heat resistant plaster
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LIME PLASTER
Lime plaster is a mixture of calcium hydroxide and sand (or other inert
fillers).
Carbon dioxide causes the plaster to set by transforming the calcium
hydroxide into calcium carbonate (limestone).
Whitewash is based on the same chemistry.
To make lime plaster, limestone (calcium carbonate) is heated to produce
quicklime (calcium oxide). 8
• Water is added to produce slaked lime (calcium hydroxide),
as a wet putty or a white powder.
• Additional water is added to form a paste .
• When exposed to the atmosphere, the calcium hydroxide turn back
to calcium carbonate through reaction with carbon dioxide.
•Thus the strength of plaster increases.
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MORTAR is splashed with trowel and is rubbed
The surface is scratched criss cross to get bond with next
layer
After drying surface is cleaned and wetted slightly
Second coat is applied
Finishing coat of white lime and sand (1:2) is provided
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CEMENT PLASTER
Cement plaster a mixture of sand + portland cement and water .
Ratio 1:4 - 1:6.
Applied to masonry interiors and exteriors to achieve a smooth
surface.
Walls constructed with stock bricks are cement plastered while face
brick walls are not plastered.
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Various cement-based plasters are also used as proprietary
spray fireproofing products.
Heavy version of cement plasters are in use for exterior
fireproofing, to protect LPG vessels, pipe bridges and
vessel skirts.
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The advantages of cement plaster were its
strength,
hardness,
quick setting time and
durability
GYPSUM PLASTER
Gypsum plaster or plaster of paris is produced By heating gypsum
to about 150 degree celsius.
Caso4.2h2o+heat caso40.5h2o+1.5h2o(released as steam)
Dry plaster powder mixed with water reforms into gypsum.
The setting of plaster starts about 10 mins of mixing &
completes after 45 mins.
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Ifgypsum is heated about 130 dc anhydrite is formed.
*Anhydritewill reform as gypsum if mixed with water.
*Alarge gypsum deposit ay montmartre in paris led calcine
gypsum to be commonly known as “plaster of paris”.
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TOOLS
Hawk
Float (trowel)
Bucket trowel
Plastic Float
Paddle
Small Tools
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FIRE RESISTANT PLASTER
Heat resistant plaster is a building material used for
coating walls and chimney.
Its purpose is to replace conventional gypsum plasters in
cases where the temperature can get too high .
Heat resistant plaster should be used in cases where the
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temperature exceeds 50 °C.
INTERNAL WALL PLASTERING
PROCEDURE
Surface where plastering is to be done will be cleaned.
Level pegs on walls will be fixed (Using centre plumb bob and nylon
thread).
All the brick walls will be watered before pasting mortar on walls.
First coat mortar filling (1:4 Cement and Sand) upto 15 mm will be applied on
surfaces where required mortar thickness exceed 25mm.
Walls and columns will be plastered 1:4 Cement and Sand to achieve semi
rough finished surface.
Vertical joint of structural columns / walls & brick walls will be treated by
fixing 200mm width chicken mesh with wire nails / concrete nails by
centering the mesh to the vertical wall joint.
The embedded service lines and provisions (Conduits, Boxes and etc.
) will be completed on brick walls .
Joints between walls and beams will be formed up to a maximum of 20mm
and will be sealed using 30 minutes fire rated flexible filler.
Internal plastering on surfaces of concrete columns, beams & walls aligned
with surfaces of brick walls will be plastered and concrete surfaces will be
finished with cement base easy plaster.
EXTERNAL WALLPLASTERING
PROCEDURE
Level pegs on external wall surfaces will be fixed using surveying
instrument / centre plumb bobs.
Projections on the wall surfaces will be chipped off and cleaned
after completing the level pegs on walls.
First coat mortar filling (1:4 Cement and Sand) upto 15 mm will be
applied on surfaces where required mortar thickness exceed
25mm.
• Cement paste on concrete surfaces will be applied to improve the
bonding of plaster to the concrete grooves surfaces.
• maximum width of 20mm horizontal grooves surfaces.
• walls and beams will be formed by cutting using grinders with
diamond wheels after plastering the wall surface. This groove will
be filled with approved weather sealant.
• External wall plaster will be finished with rough surface.
• 1:10 slope at the external side of the window sill
PRECAUTIONS
Precautions to be taken to avoid unevenness, efflorescence,
cracking
Poor workmanship
Surface not prepared
Presence of lime
Too thickness
Poor curing
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THANK YOU….
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