Unit 2

Plastering
Objective of plastering:
Plastering is done to achieve the following
● To protect the external surfaces against penetration of rain water
and other atmospheric agencies
● To give decorative effect
● To conceal inferior materials or defective workmanship
● Provide an even,smooth,regular, clean and durable finished
surface
● Provides satisfactory base for white washing, color washing
INTRODUCTION
● Process of covering rough walls and uneven surfaces of a building with a
plastic material to form a durable surface.
● Additives are added to improve the adhesiveness, water proof, termite
resistance
● Mostly, it will be considered as a 3-layered plasters with different methods
and plasters for each layer.
Requirements of good plaster
● It should adhere to the background and should remain adhered during all
variations of the climatic changes.
● It should be cheap and economical
● It should be hard and durable.
● It should be possible to apply it during all weather conditions
● It should be effectively check the entry or penetration of moisture from the
surface
● It should possess good workability
● It should provide the surface a decorative appearance
● It should not shrink while drying. Shrinkage may cause cracking of the surface
● It should have good insulation property against sound and heat
Types of Plastering
Depending upon the binding material

● Cement Plastering
● Mud Plastering
● Lime Plastering
● Lime cement plaster
Cement ● The first coat of sand faced cement
plaster is done with cement mortar in
plastering 1:4 with coarse sand after curing the
plaster for seven days. The second
coat of cement plaster 1:3 ratio will
be done on the first coat.
● Sponge is used in the second coat
and it is applied when the second
coat is wet, it is thus worked that the
density of sand grain appear on
surface is equal and uniform.
● The surface is kept well watered at
least for 15 days.
Cement ● Mixture of Portland cement and Coarse
sand
plastering ● Mix ratio is 1:3 for surfaces with
contact with water and 1:4 to 1:6 for
other surfaces
● Average thickness of cement plastering
is 12-15mm
● Clean the surface with water and is
kept wet till applying plaster
● Preliminary coat is applied on the
surface to fill up hollow portion of
masonry
● First coat is applied with a thickness of
9-10mm
Cement ● Second coat is applied after 6hrs and
thickness of second coat is 10mm.
plastering ● Surface is polished with a trowel
● Third coat if required is applied with
maximum thickness 3mm
● Completed plaster is allowed to rest for
24hrs and well watered for at least one
week
● Slow setting under higher humidity
improves the strength of plaster
Lime plastering

● Equal Volumes of
Lime and sand are
mixed thoroughly
● Water is added to
form a paste of
required
workability.
Water Proof Mortar

● 1 parts of cement and 2 parts of sand are added with pulverized alum.
● Mainly used in water retaining structures
PLASTERING METHOD

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Different stages
● Mortar joints
● Back ground surface
● Preparation of plaster
● Preparation of screeds
● Plastering of first coat, second coat and third coat
● Plastering of decorating piece
● Rounding corners
Defects in Plaster

Blistering of plastered surface

Cracking

Efflorescence

Flaking

Peeling

Falling out of plaster