Factor Analysis

Descriptive Statistics Mean There is privacy issue related social networking sites Information available on social networking sites is reliable your account on social networking sites is protected Everyone should use his/her real name for sign-up your account can be hacked I am familiar with the privacy options of social networking sites Gender is a factor for managing privacy setting social networking sites protects others peoples rights privacy is important to both teens and parents who is using social networking sites social networking sites helps us to interact and communicate information with others 4.21 .833 24 4.25 .989 24 2.88 .992 24 3.58 1.100 24 3.75 1.113 24 3.38 1.209 24 3.58 .929 24 3.67 Std. Deviation 1.007 Analysis N 24

3.96 3.42

1.122 1.412

24 24

a. Mean - These are the means of the variables used in the factor analysis. b. Std. Deviation - These are the standard deviations of the variables used in the factor analysis.

c. Analysis N - This is the number of cases used in the factor analysis.

Correlation Matrix

I am There is privacy issue related social networking sites Correlation There is privacy issue related social networking sites Information available on social networking sites is reliable your account on social networking sites is protected Everyone should use his/her real name for sign-up your account can be hacked I am familiar with the privacy options of social networking sites Gender is a factor for managing privacy setting social networking sites protects others peoples rights privacy is important to both teens and parents who is using social networking sites .306 -.260 -.373 -.186 .140 1.000 Information your Everyone should use his/her real name for sign-up .449 your account can be hacked .102 familiar with the privacy options of social

available on account on social networking sites is reliable .077 social networking sites is protected -.071

networking sites

.620

.077

1.000

.339

.191

-.359

-.021

-.071

.339

1.000

.044

-.096

-.218

.449 .102 .620

.191 -.359 -.021

.044 -.096 -.218

1.000 -.071 .513

-.071 1.000 .014

.513

.014

1.000

.183

-.305

.123

.091

.145

.124

.000

.366

.585

.112

-.613

-.148

.375

social networking sites helps us to interact and communicate information with others a. Determinant = .013 .294 -.108 .308 .428 .441

.293

Correlation matrix:- correlation matrix how each variables (questions) are related with each other, correlation matrix shows how each of the 10 items is associated with each of the others 9 items. Some of the correlation are high( 1.00,.613,.585) and some are low( i.e near zero).The high correlation indicates that two items are associated with each other. Determinant: The determinant (located under the correlation matrix) should be more than .00001. Here, it is .013 so this assumption is met. If the determinant is zero, then a factor analytic solution cannot be obtained, because this would require dividing by zero. This would mean that at least one of the items can be understood as a linear combination of some set of the other items. The Kaiser-Meyer-OIkin (KMO) measure should be greater than .551, and is inadequate if less than .50. The KMO test tells one whether or not enough items are Predicted by each factor ( used to measure sampling adequacy). The Bartlett test should be significant (i.e., a significance value of less than .05); this means that the variables are correlated highly enough to provide a reasonable basis for factor analysis. The Bartlett test of sphericity is used to testing of hypothesis,the Ho is there is no correlation between the variable.H1(alternative hypothesis) there is correlation between the variables. P-value is .001 which is less than .05. so we reject the Ho(null hypothesis).

KMO and Bartlett's Test Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy. Bartlett's Test of Sphericity Approx. Chi-Square df Sig. .551 81.312 45 .001

Significance: - Should be significant (less than .05), indicating that the correlation matrix is significantly different from an identity matrix, in which Correlations between variables are all zero.
Communalities Initial There is privacy issue related social networking sites Information available on social networking sites is reliable your account on social networking sites is protected Everyone should use his/her real name for sign-up your account can be hacked I am familiar with the privacy options of social networking sites Gender is a factor for managing privacy setting social networking sites protects others peoples rights privacy is important to both teens and parents who is using social networking sites social networking sites helps us to interact and communicate information with others Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis. 1.000 .862 1.000 .804 1.000 .855 1.000 .815 1.000 .807 1.000 .804 1.000 .594 1.000 .707 Extraction

1.000 1.000

.732 .806

Communalities: - These communalities represent the relation between the variable and all other variables (i.e., the squared multiple correlation between the item and all other items).

a. Communalities - This is the proportion of each variable's variance that can be explained by the principal components

b. Initial - By definition, the initial value of the communality in a principal components analysis is 1. c. Extraction - The values in this column indicate the proportion of each variable's variance that can be explained by the principal components. Variables with high values are well represented in the common factor space, while variables with low values are not well represented.

Total Variance Explained Compon ent 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Total 2.690 2.280 1.577 1.241 .733 .473 .388 .251 .216 .152 Initial Eigenvalues % of Variance 26.900 22.795 15.766 12.405 7.328 4.730 3.878 2.512 2.161 1.523 Cumulative % 26.900 49.696 65.462 77.867 85.195 89.925 93.803 96.316 98.477 100.000 Extraction Sums of Squared Loadings Total 2.690 2.280 1.577 1.241 % of Variance 26.900 22.795 15.766 12.405 Cumulative % 26.900 49.696 65.462 77.867

Rot Total

2.3

2.0

1.9

1.5

Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis.

a. Component - There are as many components extracted during a principal components analysis as there are variables that are put into it. we used 10variables, so we have 10 components.

b. Initial Eigenvalues - Eigenvalues are the variances of the principal components. Because we conducted our principal components analysis on the

correlation matrix, the variables are standardized, which means that the each variable has a variance of 1, and the total variance is equal to the number of variables used in the analysis, in this case 10. c. Total - This column contains the eigenvalues. The first component will always account for the most variance (and hence have the highest eigenvalue), and the next component will account for as much of the left over variance as it can, and so on. Hence, each successive component will account for less and less variance. d. % of Variance - This column contains the percent of variance accounted for by each principal component.

e. Cumulative % - This column contains the cumulative percentage of variance accounted for by the current and all preceding principal components. For example, the fourth row shows a value of 77.86. This means that the first four components together account for 77.86% of the total variance. (because this is principal components analysis, all variance is considered to be true and common variance. In other words, the variables are assumed to be measured without error, so there is no error variance.) f. Extraction Sums of Squared Loadings - The FOUR columns of this half of the table exactly reproduce the values given on the same row on the left side of the table. The number of rows reproduced on the right side of the table is determined by the number of principal components whose eigenvalues are 1 or greater.

Total variance Explained:--- Eigenvalues refer to the variance explained or accounted for.

Percentage of variance: - Percentage of variance for each component before and after rotation. Cumulative percentage:- Half of the variance is accounted for by the first FOUR factors(77.867) The Total Variance Explained table shows how the variance is divided among the 10 possible factors. Four factors have eigenvalues (a measure of explained variance) greater than 1.0, which is a common criterion for a factor to be useful. When the eigenvalue is less than 1.0, this means that the factor explains less information than a single item would have explained.
77.86% OF TOTAL VARIANCE IS EXPLAINED BY FIRST FOUR COMPONENTS AND REST 22.14 IS UN EXPLAINED

Component Matrix

Component 1 There is privacy issue related social networking sites Information available on social networking sites is reliable your account on social networking sites is protected Everyone should use his/her real name for sign-up your account can be hacked I am familiar with the privacy options of social networking sites .650 .469 -.399 -.076 -.473 .515 .488 .278 -.494 .468 -.276 -.233 .566 .551 -.288 .026 2 3 4

.276 .578

.753 -.248

-.077 .596

-.288 -.236

Gender is a factor for managing privacy setting social networking sites protects others peoples rights privacy is important to both teens and parents who is using social networking sites social networking sites helps us to interact and communicate information with others

.406

.150

.280

.742

-.625

.530

-.095

.418

.587

-.258

-.411

.474

.413

.523

.635

-.122

Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis. a. 4 components extracted.

Component Matrix - This table contains component loadings, which are the correlations between the variable and the component. Because these are correlations, possible values range from -1 to +1. Component - The columns under this heading are the principal components that have been extracted.

Rotated Component Matrix

Component

X
1)There is privacy issue related social networking sites 2)Information available on social networking sites is reliable 3)your account on social networking sites is protected

.814

.020

-.068

.198

.183

.541

.210

-.472

-.099

.285

.841

.079

4)Everyone should use his/her real name for sign-up 5)your account can be hacked 6)I am familiar with the privacy options of social networking sites 7)Gender is a factor for managing privacy setting 8)social networking sites protects others peoples rights 9)privacy is important to both teens and parents who is using social networking sites 10)social networking sites helps us to interact and communicate information with others

.788

.024

.269

-.193

.018

-.887

.083

.108

.856

-.033

-.236

.133

.120

-.084

.233

.860

-.026

.784

.484

.076

.188

-.026

-.599

.640

.453

-.501

.629

.105

Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis. Rotation Method: Varimax with Kaiser Normalization. a. Rotation converged in 6 iterations.

The Rotated Factor Matrix table, which contains these loadings, is key for understanding the results of the analysis,the values given in the rotated factor matrix are the loading on the extracted factors. Value which is greater than .5 is selected Factor 1:- is the linear combination of X1,X4,X6 Factor 2:- is the linear combination of X2,X5,X8,X10 Factor 3:- is the linear combination of X3,X9,X10 Factor 4:- is the linear combination of X7,X9,X10

The scree plot graphs the eigenvalue against the component number. As the component number increases the value of Eigenvalue decreases.