Test,

Date Semester/Year Course/Course Code Max Marks

Time
Ex: 1st test ENGINEERING MECHANICS AND
III SEM STRENGTH OF MATERIALS
2/08/2019 20
11.00-12.00 Year: 2019-20 Course code:15CE31T
Name of Course coordinator: YASIR AHMED Units:1,2 CO’s:1,2
Note Answer all the questions
Q
no Question M CL CO PO
1 What is Force and explain its characteristics? 04 R/U 1 1,2,4
2 Differentiate between moment and Couple? 04 A 2 1,2,4
Define Resultant of force? At a point on a body, four forces acts as given
below, determine the resultant and uts orientation a) 800 N due east b) 600 N
in north west c) 1000 N at 30o south of west d) 400 N at 40o east of north
3 6 U/P/A 1 1,2,4
Or
Define Resultant of force? Find the horizontal and vertical component of the
following forces a) 15 KN at 30o to X-axis b) 55 KN acts at 60o to Y axis ?
Define Factor of Safety. Under what axial tensile load, the diameter of a steel
4 bar will be reduced from 80 mm to 79.95 mm? take E= 200 x 103 N/mm2 6 R/AP 2 1,2,6
And passion ratio 0.3

1) FORCE It represents the action of one body on as a push or pull. Force is a vector quantity.

In Fig. 1.2 Force F is acting at A having magnitude 100 N and direction E 450N, i.e., towards east-north with angle 450
from east to north. It can also be considered as pull at A or push at [Link], B is the tip of the force and A is the tail of
the force.

CHARACTERISTICS OF A FORCE

A force can be identified by its four characteristics:

1. Magnitude: The length of the vector represents the magnitude of force,

2. Direction: The direction of a force can be represented by an arrow head.
3. Line of action: It is the line along which the force acts.
4. Point of application: It is the point at which the force acts.
2)

Moment of a Force

1. Moment created by single force.

2. It has a moment centre.
3. It is a fixed vector.
4. Unit is N-m, N-mm, kN-m, etc.
5. It rotates the body about its moment centre
6. It can be balanced by a single force.
7. Examples of Moment of a Force:
(i) To tightened the nut by a spanner the car.
(ii) To open or to close the door by single force push or pull.

Moment of a Couple

1. Moment created by two equal, opposite and parallel forces.

2. It does not have moment centre.
3. It is a free vector.
4. Unit is same N-m, N-mm. kN-m, etc
5. It also rotates the body.
6. It cannot be a balanced by a single force. Couple of same magnitude and of opposite nature is required to
balance the couple.
7. Examples of Moment of a Couple
(i) To rotate the steering wheel of car to steer
(ii) To rotate key in the lock by thumb and finger.

3)

a) RESULTANT OF FORCE

The resultant of a force system can be defined as the single force, which can replace the original system without
changing its external effect on a rigid body.

If a body is acted upon by different forces M, N, P, and Q simultaneously, it is possible to find out one single force R
that could replace them. i.e. this single force can produce the same effect as produced by all the forces. This single
force R is the resultant force of M, N, P and Q.

4)

FACTOR OF SAFETY To provide a margin of safety in design, members are usually designed for a limited stress

level called the allowable stress or working stress, a value much smaller, than the ultimate strength Of the material.
Thus the allowable stress or working stress is the stress which will not cause structural damage during the period of
service. The ratio of the ultimate stress and the working stress for a material is called factor of safety

Factor of safety = Ultimate stress / Working stress

The factor of safety depends on many considerations as follows:

1. the nature of loading,

2. the homogeneity of the materials used,
 3. the accuracy with which stresses in members and external forces can be evaluated
4. the degree of safety required,
5. the degree of economy desired.

Test, Semester/Year Course/Course Code Max Marks

Date
Time
Ex: 2nd test ENGINEERING MECHANICS AND
III SEM STRENGTH OF MATERIALS
255/09/2019 20
10.30-11.30 Year: 2019-20 Course code:15CE31T
Name of Course coordinator: YASIR AHMED Units:3,4 CO’s:3,4
Note Answer all the questions
Q
no Question M CL CO PO
Locate the centroid of the following geometrical figures and write the M.I
1 04 R/U 3 1,2,5,9
a) Rectangle b) Circle c) Tringle d) Square
2 What are the Different types of Loades and Supports? 04 A 4 1,2,3,5,9
Define Moment Of Inertia. Find the Moment of inertia about the
Centroidal
Axis of the Angle section with measurement 100 x 80 x 20 mm
Or
3 Define Moment Of Inertia. Find the Moment of inertia about the 6 U/P/A 3 1,2,5,9
Centroidal
Axis of the I section with measurement a) top flange 60 x 20 mm b)
Bottom Flange 100 x 20 mm thick c)Web section 100 x 20 mm wide

Define Bending Moment. Draw the S.F.D and B.M.D for the given beam
4 6 R/AP 4 1,2,3,5,9
and find the point of contraflexture and Maximum bending Moment?

Test,
Date Semester/Year Course/Course Code Max Marks
Time
Ex: 3rd test ENGINEERING MECHANICS AND
III SEM STRENGTH OF MATERIALS
19/10/2018 20
10.30-11.30 Year: 2019-20 Course code:15CE31T
Name of Course coordinator: YASIR AHMED Units:5,6,7 CO’s:5,6,7
Note Answer all the questions
Q
no Question M CL CO PO
1,2,3,
1 State any four assumptions made in the theory of simple bending. 04 R/U 5 5,6,7,
9
1,2,5
&
2 State moment area method? 04 A 6,7 1,2,5,
6
Define pure bending?
A rectangular beam, simply supported over a span of 4 m is carrying a uniformly
distributed load of 50 kN/m. Find the dimensions of the beam, if the depth of the
beam section is 2.5 times its width. Take maximum bending stress in the beam
1,2,3,
section as 60 MPa (60N/mm2). U/
3 1+5 5 5,6,7,
Or P/A 9
Define Neutral Axis?
A T-section of flange = 100 mm x 20 mm and the web = 150 mm x 20 mm used as
beam. Draw the bending stress distribution diagram, if bending moment at a section
of the beam is 10 k,N-m (hogging).
Define Buckling Load?. 1,2,5
Determine the buckling load for a strut of T-section, flange width being 100 mm &
4 1+5 R/AP 6,7 1,2,5,
overall depth 80mm and both flange and stem 10mm thick. The strut is 3m long and
is hinges at both ends. Take E = 200kN/mm2. 6

1)

The following are the assumptions made in theory of simple bending:

1. The material of the beam is homogeneous and Isotropic.

2. The material is loaded within the elastic limit and obeys Hooke's law.
3. The transverse section, which are plane before bending, remain plane after bending.
4. The modules elasticity or Young's modulus E is same in Tension and compression.
5. The beam is initially straight and every layer of it is free to expand or contract.

2)
4.2 Moment Area Method The moment-area method is one of the most effective methods for obtaining the bending
displacement in beams and frames. In this method, the area of the bending moment diagrams is utilized for
computing the slope and or deflections at particular points along the axis of the beam or frame. Two theorems
known as the moment area theorems are utilized for calculation of the deflection. One theorem is used to calculate
the change in the slope between two points on the elastic curve. The other theorem is used to compute the vertical
distance (called tangential deviation) between a point on the elastic curve and a line tangent to the elastic curve at a
second point. Consider Figure 4.1 showing the elastic curve of a loaded simple beam. On the elastic curve tangents
are drawn on points A and B . Total angle between the two tangents is denoted as . In order to find out , consider the
incremental change in angle over an infinitesimal segment located at a distance of from point B . The radius of
curvature and bending moment for any section of the beam is given by the usual bending equation. (4.1) where R is
the radius of curvature; E is the modulus of elasticity; I is the moment of inertia; and M denotes the bending
moment. The elementary length and the change in angle are related as, (4.2) Substituting R from Eq. (4.2) in Eq. (4.1)
(4.3) The total angle change can be obtained by integrating Eq. (4.3) between points A and B which is expressed as
(4.4a) or, Area of M / EI diagram between A and B (4.4b) The difference of slope between any two points on a
continuous elastic curve of a beam is equal to the area under the M / EI curve between these points. The distance dt
along the vertical line through point B is nearly equal to. (4.5) Integration of dt between points A and B yield the
vertical distance between the point B and the tangent from point A on the elastic curve. Thus, (4.6) since the
quantity M /EI represents an infinitesimal area under the M /EI diagram and distance from that area to point B, the
integral on right hand side of Eq. (4.6) can be interpreted as moment of the area under the M/EI diagram between
points A and B about point B . This is the second moment area theorem. If A and B are two points on the deflected
shape of a beam, the vertical distance of point B from the tangent drawn to the elastic curve at point A is equal to
the moment of bending moment diagram area between the points A and B about the vertical line from point B ,
divided by EI . Sign convention used here can be remembered keeping the simply supported beam of Figure 4.1 in
mind. A sagging moment is the positive bending moment diagram and has positive area. Slopes are positive if
measured in the anti-clockwise direction. Positive deviation indicates that the point B lies above the tangent from
the point A