Assignment Pakistan Studies

Submitted By: Ali Javed Roll no: 11b-112-el

Submitted to : Sir Emad-ul-Haq Submission date : 16-5-12

Preface

Pakistan is a developing country, The standard of living in Pakistan is quite lower than that of the developed countries ( i.e. America, Japan etc). Living, medical and education sources are insufficient, literacy rate is low, population is higher as compared to resources. In short just like other third world countries Pakistan is also a developing country.

Economy of a country is just like a living body. It works like a machine which helps develop the status of the country, for that different targets are created and to reach those targets sufficient resources are provided. Economic progress is a long process and according to specialists it cant be completed within a year or two, economic progress requires a lot of time and efforts it may prolong to even twenty years and these in these twenty year plans, the upcoming five year plans are included.

At the time of creation Pakistan had an weak economy, Facilities were limited for common man, old methods were being used for irrigation, in agriculture system modern machines were not being used, transport system and many other systems were insufficient to full fill the needs for a developing country and to strive these situations Govt. of Pakistan initialized different plans for the betterment of the country

First Five year plan.

(1955-1960)
In 1955 the first proper development program of Pakistan was initialized which provided a proper and healthy program, the basic purpose and targets of this plan were as follows: To increase the national income by 15 percent. To increase per person income by seven percent ( increase in population was expected as to be 1.4 percent per year) To give jobs to 2 million people.(create vacancies) To increase the number of import by 15 percent. To save 20 billion by the end of 5 year project(loans included). Increase the growth of seed by 9 percent. To increase the growth of net fields (for Ex: sugarcane to be grew by33 percent, cotton by 21 percent) Modern agricultural and irrigation plans are to be introduced in villages. To increase the industrial growth by sixty percent, in which industries of hosiery, sugar mills, fertilizers, cement and natural gas were to be given priority. 16 million acres of area to be provided with best possible coverage of required water. To increase the generation of electricity by three percent. To increase the literacy rate of students of primary by 10 million and that of secondary standard by 1.5million, and to invite new students . To increase the private savings by 5-7 percent. To build 2.5 million new houses.

 To increase the quantity of doctors at a rate of 100 doctors a year and to add 1000 new beds in hospitals.

In order to achieve the above written goals and targets investment of 10 arab 80 crore was suggested in which 7.5 arab was to be spent on government sector and 3 arab 80 crore was suggested to be spent on private sector. However all these purposes werent completed, though the national income was increased by 11 percent and per person income was increased by 1.6 percent but agricultural debridement continued and it stood behind in race with industries. Industries grew a lot in this period, due to unsuccessful agricultural operation necessary food items were imported and industries also imported raw material from other countries which gave boost to economical degradation .

Second fiveyear plan

(1960-1965)
After taking a broad view on the draw backs of first five year plan second five year plan was launched in 1960. This five year plan was considered to be the most revolutionary plan and was implemented by the military government of Gen. Muhammad Ayub khan, if we take a brief look over the points discussed it was clear to us that the martial-law govt. was trying to boost up the production of domestic products and also wanted to establish an economically prosperous Pakistan in the competition with Indian military might! To increase the per person income by 10 percent and to increase the national income by 24 percent. To provide jobs to 2.5 million jobless people.

 To increase the agricultural rate by 14 percent. Huge and moderate graded industries were to increase their output by 14 percent. To increase the output of small and home based industries by 25 percent. To increase the import rate by 3 percent per year. To provide medical facilities to rural areas. Improvement of telecommunication including construction of roads and bridge.

The Second five year plan succeed to achieve great success of its desired targets despite of Pakistans performances other developing countries become envy with Pakistan

Third Five Year plan

(1965-1970)
The third five year plan was formulated in 1964 and by the approval of NEC this plan was launched in 1965 as a part of long term perspective plan uptill 1985 and was designed in the light of previous gained experiences despite this plan reached a very great downfall after the Indian attack in 1965 and the seperation of East Pakistan the total expenditures of this plan was about 2,200 crores the former east Pakistan got a share of 1600 and Pakistan received 1400 in public sector the plan enlarged and was distributed equally after the intervention of West Pakistan. Main points of the third year plan were as follows, The plan was to provide job opporutunities to 55 lakh persons in order to assist the cyclone of unemployment.

 To achieve the increase of GNP by 29 percent and raise the standards of people by enhancing the national income of the country It was emphasised that the growth of the development should be divided by 40 percent of west Pakistan and 35 percent of East Pakistan The irrigation system should be improved and the problemn of water logging and sanity was to be produced under control . It was stressed that the basic facilities of education housing health should be made available to each and every coitizen of Pakistan.

Though the plan couldnt accomplished its targets because of 1965 war, floods, cyclones and stoppage of US aid. Pakistan has to face these crisis which adversely effected the implementation of plan resulting enormous odds.

Comparision between first and Second five year plan:

The second five year plan is the best implemented pla n among these two, the draw back of first five year plan was that it was not having any political or beaurucreat backbone, very higher targets were setted to be implemented among the newly developed infrastructure of Pakistan the other point which has to be noted that the first and the first five year plan are the plans of most darkest period of the history of Pakistan and their implementation was impossible to make.