FACIAL RECOGNITION SYSTEM

A BIOMETRIC TECHNOLOGY
SUBMITTED TO: Mr. LekhRaj Sharma EC-Dept. IITM-Gwalior SUBMITTED BY: Parag Nikhra EC-IITM 0915EC091059 SEM-5

OUTLINE
1.Introduction 2.History 3.Motive 4.Parts of facial recognition 5.Other biometrics 6.Working of this technology 7.Effective 8.Other methods 9.Pros & cons 10.Application

INTRODUCTION
BIOMETRICS Any automatically measurable, robust and distinctive physical characteristic or personal trait that can be used to identify an individual or verify the claimed identity of an individual. FACIAL RECOGNITION SYSTEM-Facial recognition systems are computer-based security systems that are able to automatically detect and identify human faces.

HISTORY
The development stage for facial recognition began in the late 1980s and commercially available systems were made available in the 1990s. While many people first heard about facial recognition after September 11th, 2001, football fans were introduced to it at the 2004 Super Bowl.

MOTIVE OF THIS TECHNOLOGY: 1) IDENTFICATION

-figure out Who is X? -accomplished by system performing a one-to-many search 2) VERIFICATION -answer the question Is this X? -accomplished by the system performing a one-to-one search

PARTS OF FACIAL RECOGNITION TECHNOLOGY Iris Scanning

-measures the iris patterns in the colored part of the eye Retinal Scanning -measures the blood vessel patterns in the back of the eye

OTHER BIOMETRICS
Voice Recognition -measures the vocal characteristics of a person using a specific phrase Finger Printing -measures the unique pattern of lines on a persons finger

HOW IT WORKS? -FIVE STEP PROCESS of face recognition

(STEP 1):
ACQUIRING THE IMAGE OF AN INDIVIDUALS FACE 2 WAYS TO AQUIRE IMAGE 1)Digitally scan an existing photograph 2)Acquire a live picture of a subject

(STEP 2):
LOCATE IMAGE OF FACE -software is used to locate the faces in the image that has been obtained

(STEP 3):
ANALYSIS OF FACIAL IMAGE -software measures face according to is peaks and valleys (nodal points) -focuses on the inner region of the face known as the golden triangle -nodal points are used to make a face print

(STEP 4): COMPARISON

-the face print created by the software is compared to all face prints the system has stored in its database.

(STEP MATCH OR NO 5):

MATCH-software decides whether or not any comparisons from step 4 are close enough to declare a possible

Pros of Face recognition

Anywhere that you can put a camera, you can potentially use a facial recognition system. Many cameras can be installed throughout a location to maximize security coverage without disrupting traffic flow. Face recognition systems can be installed to require a person to explicitly step up to a camera and get their picture taken, or to automatically survey people as they pass by a camera. The later mode allows for scanning of many people at the same time Video or pictures can be replayed through a facial recognition system for surveillance or forensics work after an event. Face scanning is not noticeable, can be done at a comfortable distance and does not require the user to touch anything.

Cons of Face recognition

Such systems may be fooled by hats, beards, sunglasses and face masks Even changes of lighting and camera angle can have a significant effect on the accuracy of 2D systems

Effective?
false positives which means wrongly matching innocent people with photos in the database false negatives not catching people even when their photo is in the database if a subject's face is stored in the database, a disguise or a minor change in appearance or even an unusual facial expression can confuse the system.

IRIS & RETINA RECOGNITION

Biometrics which analyze the complex and unique characteristics of the eye can be divided into two different fields: iris biometrics - iris is the colored band of tissue that surrounds the pupil of the eye. retina biometrics - retina is the layer of blood vessels at the back of the eye. An iris recognition system uses a video camera to capture the sample while the software compares the resulting data against stored templates. The fact that an individuals right and left eyes are

different and that patterns are easy to capture, establishes iris-scan technology as one of the biometrics that is very resistant to false matching and fraud.

An Iris Reader

An Iris Recognition Process

Retinal Recognition System

Retina scans are performed by directing a low-intensity infrared light to capture the unique retina characteristics. Every eye has its own totally unique pattern of blood vessels; even the eyes of identical twins are distinct. Although each pattern normally remains stable over a persons lifetime, it can be affected by disease such as glaucoma, diabetes, high blood pressure, and autoimmune deficiency syndrome.

Application

ATM machines-Face recognition at ATM machines prevents fraud identification and eliminates the usage of a personal identification number (PIN) Many people who don't use banks use check cashing machines. Facial recognition could eliminate possible criminal activity.

Voting Places-This eliminate voter fraud. Ex: Mexican Government (Presidential Election)

THANK YOU