L/O/G/O

nh hng ca khng hong ti chnh ton cu ti FDI v ODA

 I . C S L LUN Cc khi nim Mi quan h gia khng hong ti chnh vi ODA v FDI
II. THC TRNG Tnh hnh kinh t th gii nh hng ti ODA nh hng ti FDI

III. GII PHAP 1. Gii php cho nhng tc ng ca khng hong ton cu ti ODA 2. Gii php cho nhng tc ng ca khng hong ton cu ti FDI

I.C s l lun

 Khng hong ti chnh, ni mt cch n gin, l s mt kh nng thanh khon ca cc tp on ti chnh, dn ti s sp v ph sn dy chuyn trong h thng ti chnh.

ODA
H tr pht trin chnh thc (ODA) l mt hnh thc u t nc ngoi.Gi h tr ODA bao gm c hai dng: vin tr khng hon li cho vay vi li sut cc k thp (0.75%/nm) v thi gian hon tr cc k di: 20 -40 nm.

 Cc hnh thc vin tr ODA:

H t cn cn thanh ton Tn dng thng mi vi cc iu khon mm Vin tr chng trnh H tr d n
Vai

tr ca ODA vi cc nc ang pht trin:

Thng qua cc d n ODA, c s h tng kinh t x hi ca nc tip nhn u t c nng ln mt bc. Nu c s dng c hiu qu, ngun vn ODA s l nhn t tch cc thc y tng trng kinh t. Thng qua cc d n ODA v gio dc, o to, y t gip cho trnh dn tr, cht lng lao ng c nng cao.

FDI
u t trc tip nc ngoi (FDI Foreign Direct Investment) l hnh thc u t di hn ca c nhn hay cng ty nc ny vo nc khc bng cch thit lp c s sn xut, kinh doanh. C nhn hay cng ty nc ngoi s nm quyn qun l c s sn xut kinh doanh ny.

Vai tr ca ngun vn FDI:

i vi cc nc i u t: Tn dng c nhng li th v chi ph sn xut thp ca cc nc nhn u t=> nng cao hiu qu vn u t. Ko di c chu k sng ca sn phm c sn xut v tiu th th trng trong nc. To dng c th trng cung cp nguyn nhin vt liu di do, n n vi gi r. Cho php ch u t bnh trng sc mnh v kinh t, tng cng kh nng nh hng ca mnh trn trng quc t.

nh hng ca khng hong ti chnh n ODA v FDI

FDI gim

ODA gim

II.Thc trng ca khng hong ti chnh ti u t FDI v ODA

1. nh hng ti ODA

2. nh hng ti FDI

1. nh hng ti ODA
Lm cho ODA suy gim do nhng lo ngi v kinh t v suy thoi kinh t ton cu. Lm thay i hon ton v su sc ngnh cng nghip ti chnh M v ton cu Hu qu l cc nh u t s hn ch tng thm u t mi v thc hin cc d n cam kt. Theo s liu OECD h tr pht trin t mc tng trng lin tc trong nm 2009 bt chp khng hong ti chnh.

Thc trng

1. nh hng ti ODA
Cuc khng hong tc ng tch cc ti h tr pht trin, ton b ODA rng ca cc nh ti tr trong UB H tr pht trin thuc OECD tng 0.7%, trn thc t tng s l 608% ODA tnh theo % ca tng sn phm quc gia tng t 0.26% nm 2004 n 0.31%. Tng ODA nm 2009 l 119.6 triu USD. ODA tng gn 30% trong 2004-2009, d kin tng 0.32% nm 2010.

Thc trng

Vit Nam: S vn ODA gii ngn nm 2008 c th khng t c nh d bo trc l 2,3 t USD.

2. nh hng ti FDI
Cuc khng hong ti chnh M bin thnh cuc suy thoi ton cu, tc ng n nn kinh t th gii v tt c cc nc. Theo thng co u t ca UNCTAD, nm 2009 ngun vn FDI th gii gim t 30% n 40% 2008.

Th nht Th hai Th t
Cc th trng ang ni thu ht FDI tt hn th trng pht trin, d bo FDI 2010 Chu dn u

Th ba
Theo WB, FDI vo cc nc ang pht trin t khong 500 t USD nm 2008 gim xung ch cn khong 400 t USD nm 2009 tc gim 30% so vi 2009

2. nh hng ti FDI Nhng tc ng i vi vic huy ng v phn b FDI vo Vit Nam

Tc ng ca khng hong ti vic huy ng v phn b FDI vo Vit Nam

4
3

Vi nhng d n c quy m u t ln ti hng t USD th n 9/2009 ch c 15 a phng c d n u t nc ngoi c cp php, cc a phng cn li khng ng k.
Hiu ng tc ng ca cuc khng hong ti chnh v suy thoi kinh t ton cu rt khc ln c cu u t

S vn gii ngn FDI ca VN vn qu nh so vi tng s FDI ng k, s tip tc gim so vi nm 2008

u t trc tip nc ngoi gim mnh t u nm nhng tng ln ng k t qu II/2009 v c chiu hng tip tc gia tng.

Kt lun
S suy gim ny cho thy ngun tn dng sn c gim. Mc suy thoi nghim trng cc nc pht trin v nhiu nc ang pht trin cng nh vic n trnh ri ro trn quy m rng ca cc nh u t.

3.GII PHP

L/O/G/O

3.1 GII PHAP CHO NHNG TAC NG CA KHNG HONG TON CU TI ODA

3.1.1 Gii php cho nhng tc ng ca khng hong ton

cu ti ODA
i vi nh u t ODA

Gii php
i vi nc nhn u t ODA

Cn xt n cc vn u tin trong nn kinh t ca nc mnh

i vi nh u t ODA

Cn phi xt n i tng vin tr ph hp vi tng d n: +Tnh hnh kinh t +Tnh hnh chnh tr + Li ch t c sau khi d n hon thnh

Phi hp vi nc nhn vin tr trong vic gim st thi cng v bo m tc gii ngn.

TNG KH NNG THU HT ODA + n nh nn kinh t kim ch lm pht m bo mc tng trng GDP + y nhanh qu trnh ci cch hnh chnh v tinh gin quy trnh, th tc tip nhn v thc hin ngun vn ODA. +Tng cng giao thng hp tc vi cc quc gia tranh th s ng h ca cc nc bn. +Bi dng nng cao trnh cn b cng nhn vin

i vi nc nhn u t ODA
S DNG HIU QU NGUN VN ODA + Trnh tnh trng s dng ba bi, khng c nh hng r rng. + Cn xy dng h thng theo di nh gi d n m bo tc , hiu qu thi cng, cht lng cng trnh. + Thc hin chng nn quan liu tham nhng.

3.1.2 Lin h ti tnh hnh ODA Vit Nam

Thc t trong thi gian qua Vit Nam khng h thiu vn ODA m lin tc t k lc v thu ht ODA nh c trnh by trn tuy nhin mt thc trng l t l gii ngn ca chng ta cn qu thp (mc d thi gian gn y c c ci thin), mt s d n c cht lng thit k thp.

L/O/G/O

3.2 GII PHAP CHO NHNG TAC NG CA KHNG HONG TON CU TI FDI

3.2.1 Gii php chung nhm i ph vi khng hong v tc ng gin tip ca n ti FDI
Cc chng trnh gii cu v cu tr kinh t
Thng qua k hoch gii cu quy m ln v cc gi kch cu

Gii php

Cc chnh sch kch thch ti chnh v pht trin CSHT cng cng
-

-a ra cc gi kch thch kinh t nh ct gim li sut, gim thu doanh nghip -Chng trnh cng cng nhm pht trin h thng c s h tng

Nhng chnh sch quc t

M rng mi trng u t Tng cng hot ng ngoi thng

3.2.2. Gii php tng cng thu ht FDI cc nc ang pht trin
n nh nn kinh t chnh tr trong nc K kt cc hip nh u t khu vc

Gii php

a ra cc chnh sch gip TNCs thc hin hiu qu chin lc tit kim chi ph Kin ton b my cc c quan ku gi v qun l u t

u tin chm sc cc nh u t hin hu

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