Biopharmaceutics

Rachmat Mauludin

Definition
Biopharmaceutics mempelajari hubungan atau interrelationship antara sifat fisikokimia, bentuk sediaan obat, dan rute pemberian terhadap kecepatan (rate) dan derajat (banyaknya) obat yg diabsorpsi secara sistemik.

Aspek Biofarmasi
Melindungi aktifitas obat seperti prodrug Pelepasan obat dari sediaan Kecepatan disolusi obat pada sisi absorpsinya Mekanisme absorpsi obat

Disolusi

Proces dimana molekul fase padat menunju fase larutan seperti air dan terlarut atau Proces dimana molekul obat dibebaskan/ dilepaskan dari fase padat dan masuk ke dalam suatu larutan

Cs
Solid matrix

Aqueous layer

Diffusion layer

II. MEKANISME BIOTRANSPOR

A. Passive Diffusion B. Biotranspor diperantarai Carrier

C. Efflux sellular

D. Pinositosis

Processes involved in drug transport. Here the major processes are represented in a less physiological fashion. It is with this approach that we will look at much of the course material. The headings Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion are important

Pharmacological effect

Drug in dosage form

Release Drug particles in body fluids Pharmacologic effect

Dissolution
Drug in solution Degradation Peripheral Tissues Distribution Central Compartment Free Bound

GI
Absorption Liver Excretion

Pharmacokinetics
Involves the kinetics of drug absorption, distribution, and elimination (excretion and

metabolism) Drug disposition: drug distribution and

elimination

Terminologi dalam Farmakokinetik

Peak plasma level (C max): konsentrasi obat maksimum dalam plasma, dihubungkan terhadap dosis, kecepatan absoprpsi, dan Konstanta kecepatan eleminasi obat. time for peak plasma: waktu mencapai PPL dan menjadi indikasi kecepatan rata rata obat di absorpsi. area under the curve (AUC): berhubungan dengan jumlah obat di absorpsi.

Pharmacodynamics
Pharmacodynamics mengarah kepada hubungan konsentrasi obat pada sisi aktifnya (receptor) dan response farmakologi termasuk efek biokimia dan fisiologi yang mempengaruhi interaksi obat dan reseptor.

REGIMEN SPECIFIC
Dosage Form Frequency Route Dose

PHARMACOLOGIC EFFECT

DRUG SPECIFIC
Concentration-effect Relationship Site of Biological Effect Disposition of the Drug Potency of the Drug

PATIENT SPECIFIC
Environmental Exposure Psychological Condition Genetic Constitution Organ Function Enzyme Activity

Biopharmaceutics
Drug in dosage form
Release Drug particles in body fluids Dissolution Drug in solution Degradation

Pharmacodynamics
Pharmacologic effect

Peripheral Tissues Distribution Central Compartment Free Bound

GI
Absorption Liver Excretion

Pharmacokinetics