Professional Documents
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Chapter 22
Questions prepared by
Janet Lanza,
University of Arkansas at Little Rock
Copyright 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Lamarcks Hypothesis of Evolution Which of the following statements about Lamarck are accurate?
a) Lamarck thought evolution had occurred. b) Lamarck proposed a mechanism for evolution.
c) Lamarck thought organisms became more complex because of an inner drive for complexity.
d) Lamarck was wholly wrong. e) Lamarck published his ideas only after Darwin published his.
Copyright 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Adaptation
If an adaptation is defined as a trait that promotes survival or reproduction, which of the following traits would qualify as adaptations?
a) Hemoglobin is one color (bright red) when oxygenated and another color (purple-blue) when unoxygenated. b) Humans have a tailbone (coccyx).
c) Young oak trees, growing in shade, have large leaves compared to older plants, growing in sun, that have smaller leaves.
d) Male elephant seals are enormous and have ferocious battles over the opportunity to mate with females. e) The presence of sickle cell hemoglobin allele helps the holder survive malaria.
Copyright 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
c) Mammut shares a more recent common ancestor with Stegodon than with Elephas maximus.
d) Manatees are more closely related to the living elephant species than hyraxes are. e) Elephas maximus is an ancestor of both Loxodonta species.
Copyright 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
c) The mitochondrial DNA of the medium ground finch in the Galpagos is identical to a bird in Europe.
d) Both sugar gliders (Australia) and flying squirrels (North America) use flaps of skin to help them glide from one tree to another. e) Horse fossils occur in North America even though there were no wild horses in North America in 1492.
Copyright 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Homologies and Tree Thinking Imagine two species that are thought to have a recent common ancestor. If this idea is correct, these two species most likely have
a) no morphological similarities.
Evolution of Adaptations
Imagine that you have discovered a new lizard that lives in a foggy desert in southwestern South America. As fog rolls in, this lizard stands on its head and lets water condense on its back and roll in grooves to its mouth. This trait is an example of which of the following?