Professional Documents
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PALOLAITOS
Researched and prepared by: Robert B. Walmsley RN EMT (P) Consultant Rescue
Program
What is driving vehicle designers Regulations and standards
America NHTSA
MVSS 208 MVSS 214
object
Euro airbags Seatbelt tensioners with G force limiters Crush / distortion passenger cell at 64 km/h
Safety HGV
Regulations have been introduced in 1998 for full implementation by 2000 EN norm ECE R29 Crush resistant cabs Impact / distortion 15,000 kg Crush / distortion 25,000 kg/25 km/h
video
Reduce serious injury on the roads - Reduction in injury patterns to the thorax and abdomen with the introduction of G force limiters on seat belts. (S.W. Rouhana Et Al 1998) - An intensive care bed costs $ 28,107 per week
(Mrs van Gils, University Hospital Rotterdam 1998)
Program
What is driving vehicle designers Regulations and standards
Reason:
Contact with interior, fixtures and fittings. No seat belt worn Less effective crumple zones No airbags or agressive airbags
Effective crumple zones and passenger cell up to 64 km/h but ineffective > 64 km/h
These injury patterns presume that seat belts are being worn!
MECHANISM OF INJURY IN AN ENTRAPMENT Blunt trauma caused by Kinetic Energy (KE) KE = M/2 x V 2
The Kinetic Energy involved when a 2 kg heart is travelling along at 64 km/hr and hits an immovable object
75
Energy deflection Airbags
50
G force Limiter
25
> 6 G
Program
What is driving vehicle designers Regulations and standards
Airbags
Traditional airbags
Airbags
Secunet
Airbags
Door airbags
Seat airbag
Airbags
video
Airbags
Airbags
Airbags
Front view Back view
Spring
Pyrotechnic
G force limiter
Program
What is driving vehicle designers Regulations and standards
Outer side
Outer Glass Thermo Poly Sheet Polycarbon glass
Inner Glass
Anti shrades liner
Thickness: 18.2mm
Laminated or
policarbon windscreen
Maintenance panel
Frame Construction
HSLA (High Strength Low Alloy) Steel Increases rollover strength, Energy deflection system
Tensile strengths
Holmatro cutter blades 2000 N/mm 2
Boron steel
1380 N/mm
Micro-alloy
700 N/mm
HSLA
350-550 N/mm
Frame Construction
New crumple zone R.O.P.S.
SIPS
Frame Construction
Frame Construction
Frame Construction
Frame Construction
Boron steel
Frame Construction
Frame Construction
Frame Construction
MECHANISM OF INJURY IN AN ENTRAPMENT Blunt trauma caused by Kinetic Energy (KE) KE = M/2 x V 2
The Kinetic Energy involved when a crate of beer, 12kg, is travelling along at 64 km/hr and hits an immovable object
Now is not the time to find out that your cutter is not strong enough
Frame construction
HSLA steel Easy to spot weld Boron steel inside the A pillar and across dash pelmet Foam filling is also used for re-enforcing and acoustics
SP 3280
SP 3260
Rams assorted
TR 3340
TR 3350
1. Strategic cuts
Controlled Ramming
Controlled Ramming
Holmatro
Number One In