12/25/2013

Describe factory systems of distribution, and state typical applications. Distribution: flexible and rigid conduits, trailing cables and overhead collector, Bus-Bar trunking, Underfloor ducting, cable trunking, rising mains, PILCSWA, PVCSWA, and MIMS cables

Tailored By Obaid ur Rehman

12/25/2013
2

Conduits
A conduit is a tube, channel or pipe in which insulated conductors are contained. The conduit, in effect, replaces the PVC outer sheath of a cable, providing mechanical protection for the insulated conductors. There are three types of conduit used in electrical installation work:

Steel PVC Flexible.

12/25/2013

Steel Conduits
Conduits made up of steel are known as Steel Conduits, specification defined by BS 4568 (British Standard) either heavy gauge welded or solid drawn (seamless). Seamless Conduits are comparatively expensive and only used for special gas-tight, explosion-proof or flame proof installations. The metal conduit is also utilized as the circuit protective conductor and, therefore, all connections must be screwed up tightly and all burrs removed so that cables will not be damaged as they are drawn into the conduit.

12/25/2013

Advantages of Steel Conduit

Provides Very Good Protection to the conductors. Rewiring or limited additional wiring is fairly easy. Does not burn. The steel has low resistance it can be used as the earth conductor.

Disadvantages of Steel Conduit

It can corrode Expensive to Install.
12/25/2013
5

PVC Conduit
PVC Conduit is made up of (Poly Vinyl Chloride), The advantages of a PVC conduit system are that it may be installed much more quickly than steel conduit and is non-corrosive, but it does not have the mechanical strength of steel conduit. PVC conduit is an insulator it cannot be used as the CPC (Circuit Protective Conductor) and a separate earth conductor must be run to every outlet. It is not suitable for installations subjected to temperatures below -5C or above 60C

12/25/2013

Advantages of PVC Conduit

Lightweight Easy to work, that is cut, join and bend. Non Corrosive Very Good Insulator

Disadvantages of PVC Conduit

Cannot be used as the earth conductor. High Temperature constraint.

12/25/2013

Flexible Conduit
Flexible conduit is made of interlinked metal spirals often covered with a PVC sleeving. Flexible conduit is used for the final connection to motors so that the vibrations of the motor are not transmitted throughout the electrical installation and to allow for modifications to be made to the final motor position and drive belt adjustments.

12/25/2013

Trunking-Installations
A trunking is an enclosure provided for the protection of cables which is normally square or rectangular in cross-section, having one removable side. Trunking may be thought of as a more accessible conduit system and for industrial and commercial installations it is replacing the larger conduit sizes. Most trunking is available in either steel or plastic. and the standard bend. If an earth continuity test on the trunking is found to be unsatisfactory, an insulated CPC must be installed inside the trunking. The Various types of Trunking are.
Metallic trunking Non-metallic trunking Mini-trunking Skirting trunking
9

12/25/2013

Rising Main Bus-Bar Trunking

Over head Bus-Bar Trunking

12/25/2013

10

12/25/2013

11

Bus-Bar Trunking
The electricity supply is brought into the ground floor of a building and if there are number of floors the supply to the upper floors is via rising mains straight from the bottom of the building to the top . This rising main is often made from uninsulated copper Bus-Bars fixed in vertical trunking.

12/25/2013

12

Overhead Collector and Trailing Cables

Sometimes it is necessary to have a movable supply of electricity, say across a factory floor. This can be achieved by installing a bus-bar system above the required route and to it is fixed a trailing cable which can be moved along the bus-bar to feed the required point on the floor. This system is particularly useful where portable equipment, such as a welder is required to be used almost anywhere in the factory.

12/25/2013

13

PVCSWA ( Poly Vinyl Chloride Steel Wire Armored Cable)

PVCSWA is the most common cable for underground use between buildings, for incoming supply and Installations in factories etc.

12/25/2013

14

PILCSWA Paper Insulated Cables

PVC is by far the most common form of insulation between the conductors of a cable. In earlier times oil impregnated paper was commonly used and is still used and is still used for high voltage, say 132 KV normally underground, cables. The advantages of oil impregnated paper is that oil and paper are very good insulators, and the oil fills small gaps which would otherwise exist in the insulation layer.

12/25/2013

15

Mineral Insulated Metal Sheathed Cable (MIMS)

MIMS is consists of a copper tube filed with magnesium oxide, the insulator, into which the conductors are embedded. Special fittings are required, pot , gland etc to properly terminate the cable. These cables are widely used in industry. The main advantage is that they can withstand high temperatures, They are fire proof and water and oil proof. They have very good mechanical protection.

12/25/2013

16

Thank You
12/25/2013
17

12/25/2013

18

12/25/2013

19

12/25/2013

20

12/25/2013

21

12/25/2013

22