THE OSCILLATORY UNIVERSE PART - IV

BY ANIL KUMAR THANVI

MODEL OF DARK AND DARK ENERGY

NOW HERE WE EXPLAIN THE MODEL OF DARK MATTER AND DARK ENERGY. THE DARK MATTER AND DARK ENERGY ARE NOT SCATTERED MERELY IN CELESTIAL OBJECTS AND UNIVERSE. THERE IS A VERY SPECIAL GEOMETRICAL PATTERN OF DARK MATTER AND DARK ENERGY.

THE MATTER IN THE EARTH IS DISTRIBUTED AS CONCENTRIC LAYERS.

THE DIVISIONS OF MATTER OF EARTHS ATMOSPHERE IS ALSO LAYERED IN CONCENTRIC

THE MATTER DISTRIBUTION IN THE SUN (ALSO FOR ALL TYPE OF STAR) IS CONCENTRIC LAYERED.

Estimated distribution of dark matter and dark energy in the universe

PROOF OF DARK MATTER IS GRAVITATIONAL LENSING

An Another proof of dark matter - Rotation curve of a typical spiral galaxy: predicted(A) and observed (B). The discrepancy between the curves can be accounted for by adding a dark matter component to the galaxy.

BECAUSE DISTRIBUTION ATOMIC, NON-ATOMIC, NUCLEAR, NON-NUCLEAR, PLASMA IN ALL CELESTIAL OBJECTS IS NOT SCATTERED BUT CONCENTRIC LAYERS. SO DARK MATTER AND DARK ENERGY SHOULD NOT BE ALSO SCATTERED BUT CONCENTRIC LAYERS IN THE UNIVERSE.

THE RELATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF DARK MATTER AND DARK ENERGY WITH EVERY CELESTIAL OBJECT AND THE UNIVERSE AS CONCENTRIC LAYERS

THE RELATION OF DARK MATTER AND DARK ENERGY WITH ALL CELESTIAL OBJECTS AS CONCENTRIC LAYERS

THE RELATION OF DARK MATTER AND DARK ENERGY WITH ATOMS AND PARTICLES AS CONCENTRIC LAYERS

VARIABLE OBLATENESS IS EXPLAINED BY THIS FIGURE AS CONTINUOUS VARIATION IN POLAR AND EQUATORIAL RADIUS IN CELESTIAL OBJECTS.

An oblate spheroid shape is not formed by rotating of an ellipse about its minor axis this is an incorrect thinking.

CONFOCAL OF ELLIPSE

ELLIPSOID CONFOCAL GEOMETRY

PARAMETRIC EQUATION OF OBLATE SPHEROID

x a cosh cos cos y a cosh cos sin z a sinh sin

Some Oblate Formula

x2 y2 z2 2 2 1 2 a a c
r ac e rp f a r e

a re c rp
x2 y2 z2 2 2 1 2 re re rp

rp re (1 f )
df v p re ve rp vf dt re2

THERE ARE MANY RESEARCH PAPERS OF VARIABLE OBLATENESS OF THE EARTH

Variations in the Earth's oblateness during the past 28 years Minkang Cheng Center for Space Research, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA Byron D. Tapley Center for Space Research, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA Analysis of satellite laser ranging (SLR) data indicates that the Earth's dynamic oblateness (J 2) has undergone significant variations during the past 28 years. The dominant signatures in the observed variations in J 2 are (1) a secular decrease with a rate of approximately 2.75 1011 yr1, (2) seasonal annual variations with a mean amplitude of 2.9 1010, (3) significant interannual variations with timescales of 46 years, and (4) a variation with period of about 21 years and an amplitude of about 1.4 1010 with minimum in December 1988. Two large interannual variations are related to the strong El Nio-Southern Oscillation events during the periods of 19861991 and 19962002, and it appears that another interannual cycle may have started in late 2002. The superposition of the decadal variation on the interannual signal makes the J 2 fluctuation appear to be anomalously large during the 19962002 period. Contemporary models of the mass redistributions in the atmosphere, ocean, and surface water can explain a major part of the 4- to 6-year fluctuations. However, the cause of the decadal variation remains unknown.

Dr. Minkang Cheng and Dr. Byron D. Tapley of the university's Center for Space Research used nearly 30 years of NASA satellite laser ranging (SLR) data to examine how much the Earth flattens at the poles and widens at the equator.

Variations in Earth's Oblateness: Variations in Earth's oblateness (flattened top, budging middle or "J2") are indicated on this graph over several areas. Over tropical areas (blue circles) and areas outside of the tropics (black circles) caused by soil moisture changes. Changes in oblateness (J2) from the global soil-moistureinduced changes from year to year in J2 (red line), compared with the unusual mean sea level pressure readings (gray line) warm phase (<0) and cold phase (>0). These signals are dominant in the observed interannual variations of the Earths oblateness during the strong El Nino/La Nina events. Credit: NASA

Factors that Affect Earth's Shape: This illustration depicts many of the factors that affect how the Earth's shape changes. They include such as: winds, earthquakes, postglacial rebound, plate motion, melting of ice, atmospheric pressure and more. Credit: NASA

EARTH OBLATENESS THE CHANGE OF SHAPE

THIS IS IDEA OF PLANETARY SCIENTISTS THAT THE EARTH EXPAND AND CONTRACT. THE SUN, STARS AND GAS GIANTS PLANETS ALSO EXPAND AND CONTRACT.

THE SUN AND STARS ALSO HAVE VARIABLE OBLATENESS

A CHANGING SOLAR SHAPE M. Emilio,1 R. I. Bush,2 J. Kuhn,3 and P. Scherrer2 Received 2006 December 21; accepted 2007 March 19; published 2007 April 16 ABSTRACT The Suns shape is sensitive to the influence of gravity, rotation, and local turbulence and magnetic fields in its outer atmosphere. A careful measurement of this shape has long been sought to better understand the solar structure and its change during the 11 yr solar cycle. Numerous disparate measurements of the solar oblateness or the fractional difference between equatorial and polar radii have been difficult to interpret, in part because this quantity is much smaller than terrestrial atmospheric seeing and most instrumental noise sources. In 1997 the Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) aboard the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) obtained a precise measurement of the oblateness from above the atmosphere by utilizing a spacecraft roll procedure to remove instrumental influences. In 2001 this technique was repeated, and we report here on the detection of a timevariable solar shape from these data. The changing oblateness we find from 1997 to 2001 is smaller than the apparent discrepancy between earlier ground-based observations, but is significantly larger than MDIs astrometric measurement uncertainty. The shape change appears to be anticorrelated with the observed helioseismic variability. This fact and our MDI measurements suggest that the outer solar atmosphere expands nonhomologously during the cycle. It is possible that solar cycle changes in the turbulent pressure in the outer atmosphere can account for both the optical limb change and the helioseismic acoustic global solar shape change.

Sun Variable Oblateness The change in shape

INTERNAL GEOMETRICAL STRUCTURE OF OBLATE SPHEROID

All celestial objects interior matter is also divided like concentric layers and all celestial objects also have the geometry of oblate spheroid. Because matter is divided in different concentric layers and shape is oblate spheroid so actually these matter layers are confocal not concentric and then actually all celestial objects have confocal oblate spheroids not merely an oblate spheroid. Because of division of matter in concentric layers and geometrical shape as an oblate spheroid so all celestial objects have confocal oblate spheroids geometrical shape. Then the geometrical shape of all celestial objects is not merely an oblate spheroid but confocal oblate spheroids

Why oblateness or flateness or shape of the sun oscillate? Why brightness of the sun oscillate? Why surface and internal temperature of the sun oscillate?

Oscillation or fluctuation of oblateness or flatteness and ellipticity i.e. flattening & bulging of moons, planets, stars and black holes or of all celestial bodies in the universe

What is difference between variable oblateness of the sun, some stars, planets and the earth explain by Kuhn, Dicke, Hill, Saldana, Liberetch and Benjamin F. Chao, Bryon D. Tapley, Minkang chang and the variable oblateness that explain by my oscillatory model.

The meaning of variable oblateness according to these astrophysicists is only and only variation in polar and equatorial radius. I have a new method of variation in oblateness that is different. I also say about variation in oblateness and variation in polar and equatorial radius but I am adding or including two new and different condition with this variation.

I also say about variation in oblateness and variation in polar and equatorial radius but I am applying and adding or including two new and different condition with this variation. What I am applying is to first include confocal property of a oblate spheroid and second twisting and squeezing a confocal oblate spheroids cause of which are differential rotation and retrograde orbiting .

Twisting in reverse directions in both hemispheres and squeezing on poles. So there will be variation in polar & equatorial radius already but now I have applied and added or included two new condition.

First : variable oblateness according to oscillation between two different confocal oblate spheroids and Second : twisting in reverse directions in both hemispheres and squeezing on poles between two different confocal oblate spheroids.

There for I have a new and different method to explain the mass distribution from poles to equator and equator to poles in the sun, stars, planets and the earth due to variable oblateness and I am including all the condition of variable oblateness used by these astrophysicists but at the same time I am also using the true and logical and more practical method of variable oblateness.

When we apply the method of variable oblateness used by these astrophysicists on the sun, stars, planets and the earth then what are effects that we have understand already but actually what will be changes or effects when we apply these two condition more that we are talking in above are more and more general and from these two condition there begin a very big theory and we can explain a lot lot of unsolved questions. This is : A NEW PROCESS OF OSCILLATION OF THE UNIVERSE. From here a new and different story of oscillatory celestial objects & universe starts.

END OF PART IV TO BE CONTINUED