Prof.Dr.Ir.Bambang Budiono, M.

E
MDOF DISCRETIZATION

0 0
0 0
4 4
0
0
0
0
3
3
0 0
0 0
2 
EI 2
0 0
0 0
1 1

4 DOF system with rigid floor (EI  )

 MASS AND STIFFNESS

Inertia Force

k1 -k1
-k1 k1+k2 -k2
-k2 k2+k3 -k3
. ,. .
. . .
. . .
. . .
. . .
. . -kn-1
-kn-1 kn-1+kn

Spring Force (inter storey shear force)

Modes shapes and Frequencies
(eigen vectors and eigen values)
Modes shapes and Frequencies
(eigen vectors and eigen values)
Modes shapes and Frequencies
(eigen vectors and eigen values)

1 = 8.438 2= 25.768 3= 40.388 4= 50.800

Mode shapes (eigen vectors)
RESPONSE OF MDOF TO GROUND MOTION
 RESPONSE OF MDOF TO GROUND MOTION

Mode (n) contribution:

= (t) (1)
Where:

= mode shape (n)

(t) = scalar
Dynamic equilibrium:
+ + =- (2)
Substitute (1) to (2):
+ + =-
 RESPONSE OF MDOF TO GROUND MOTION

Pre-multiply by

+
+ =-

It can be rewritten as:

Mn + Cn + Kn = - Ln (SDOF) (3)

Where:

Mn = = Generalized mass

Cn = = Generalized damping
RESPONSE OF MDOF TO GROUND MOTION

Kn = = Generalized Stiffness

Ln = = Modal Excitation Factor

= unit column matrix

Equation (3) divided by Mn :

+ 2 + 2 = - MPF

Where:

MPF = Modal Participation Factor = =

RESPONSE OF MDOF TO GROUND MOTION
(t) using step by step Integration
Maximum Sd(n)
Maximum Sv(n) = Sd(n)

Maximum Sa(n) = Sd(n)

Shear Force at the building:
{Fn} max = [m]{v(t)}max = [m]{n} Yn max = [m]{n} Sd(n)
Can be rewritten as:
{Fn} max = [m]{n} Sa(n)
And the corresponding Base Shear (Vb)= {r}T { Fn} max
MODAL COMBINATION
 EXAMPLE
Find Vb from modal combination using SRSS:
Mass matrix [m]:
F1
1
= [ton]
K1 4.0
F2
2
Stiffness matrix [K]:
K2 4.0

= [kN/m]
Vb

Eigen Value [and Fundamental Period [ T ]: Eigen Vector [:

= [rad/sec]2 =

= [rad/sec]2
 EXAMPLE

Mode 1 contribution:
L1= = 10x1.0 + 15.0x0.67=20.05

M1= = 10x1.02+ 15x0.672=16.73

MPF1= 1.195
Sa1= 1.255 m/sec.2 (obtained from Response Spectra with T1=0.89 sec.)

= 1.195x1.255= [kN]

Vb(1)= [1 1] = 15.0+15.0=30.0 kN
 EXAMPLE
Mode 2 contribution:
L1= = 10x1.0 + 15.0x-1.0=-5.0

M1= = 10x1.02+ 15x-1.02=25.0

MPF1= -0.20
Sa1= 2.55 m/sec.2 (obtained from Response Spectra with T1=0.36 sec.)

= -0.20x2.55= [kN]

Vb(2)= [1 1] = -5.10+7.65 =2.55 kN

Vb = = 30.69 kN (Mode 1 dominant)

CQC COMBINATION
CQC COMBINATION
 Design Code (Static Analysis)
Vb = [r] T{F}= [r] T[m]{} Sa(n)
=L Sa(n)
It can be written as:

Sa(n) = (4)

From Eq. above {F} max = [m] {n} Sa(n) (5)

Substitute (4) to (5)

{F} max = [m] {n} (6)

 Design Code (Static Analysis)
If {n} is Mode 1 dominant and assumed to be linear triangle then {n} is
proportional to the height of the floor . Eq.(6) can be in the form:

{F} max = [m] {hn} matrix [m] is proportional to the weight of the floor at
the same level then the Eq. becomes:

{F} max = [W] {hn} example for 2 DOF:

= or

F 1= Vb in general form:

Fx= Vb as mentioned in the Code