G.P.

Presentation
ON
BLUETOOTH
The bluetooth name:
The name "Bluetooth" is taken from the
10th century Danish King Harald Blatand -
or Harold Bluetooth in English.
He had been instrumental in uniting
warring factions in parts of what is now
Norway, Sweden and Denmark - just as
the technology is designed to allow
collaboration between differing industries
such as the computing, mobile phone and
automotive markets.
What is Bluetooth ?
Bluetooth is the term used to describe the
protocol of a short range frequency-
hopping radio link between devices.
These devices are termed Bluetooth -
enabled.
How Bluetooth Works
There are lots of different ways that
electronic devices can connect to one
another. For example:
Component cables
Electrical wires
Ethernet cables
WIFI
Infrared signals
The Problem:
When any two devices need to talk to each
other then:
The first point of agreement is physical:
Will they talk over wires, or through some
form of wireless signals?
How much data will be sent at a time?
Whether the message they receive is the
same message that was sent.
How Bluetooth
Creates a Connection
It provides agreement at the physical
level -- Bluetooth is a radio-frequency
standard.
It provides agreement at the protocol
level, where products have to agree on
when bits are sent, how many will be sent
at a time, and how the parties in a
conversation can be sure that the message
received is the same as the message sent.
How Bluetooth
Operates
Bluetooth networking transmits data via
low-power radio waves. It communicates
on a frequency of 2.45 gigahertz.
One of the ways Bluetooth devices avoid
interfering with other systems is by
sending out very weak signals of about 1
mill watt.
The low power limits the range of a
Bluetooth device to about 10 meters (32
feet)
Bluetooth Operates
cont..
Bluetooth can connect up to eight
devices simultaneously.
Bluetooth uses a technique called spread-
spectrum frequency hopping
In the case of Bluetooth, the transmitters
change frequencies 1,600 times every
second, meaning that more devices can
make full use of a limited slice of the radio
spectrum.
Bluetooth Operates
cont..
When Bluetooth-capable devices come
within range of one another, an electronic
conversation takes place to determine
whether they have data to share or
whether one needs to control the other,
the electronic conversation happens
automatically. Once the conversation has
occurred, the devices forms a network.

Bluetooth Operates
cont..
Bluetooth systems create a personal-area
network (PAN), or piconet

Bluetooth Piconets
The manufacturer has programmed each
unit with an address.
When the base is first turned on, it sends
radio signals, if address is in the range, it
responds, and a tiny network is formed.
Bluetooth can establish a link with 432.6-
Kbps capacity in each direction.
Bluetooth Piconets cont..
A collection of devices connected via
Bluetooth technology.
Starts with 2 connected devices. May grow
to eight connected devices.
One unit will act as a master and the
other's) as slave's) for the duration of the
piconet connection.
All devices have the same physical channel
defined by the master device parameters
Bluetooth Piconets cont..

S
S
S
S
M
M
M=MASTER
S=SLAVE
Scatternet Definition
Multiple independent and non-
synchronized piconets form a
scatternet.
A group of networks in the same space
but communicating over different
channels, with some overlapping
devices.

Scatternet cont..

S
M
S / M
M=MASTER
S=SLAVE
S
S
Bluetooth Security
With Bluetooth, though, the automatic
nature of the connection, which is a huge
benefit in terms of time and effort, is also a
benefit to people looking to send you data
without your permission.
Service-level security and device-
level security work together to protect
Bluetooth devices from unauthorized data
transmission.
Bluetooth Security
cont..
Other problems like :
"blue jacking,"
"blue bugging"
"Car Whisperer"
Bluetooth Technology
Strengths
Inexpensive
Superior range compared with IR
Omni directional, not requiring line of
sight
Designed for ad hoc networking
Both voice and data channels
Well defined specification
Large number of implementing companies
Bluetooth Technology
Weaknesses
Slow communication rate (1 Mbps)
Short networking range (10 meters)
Limited number of network connections
Large and complex specification
(over 1000 pages)

Comparison of
Wireless Technologies

48 bit MAC
3
8
10 meters
1Mbps
1mW
RF
2.4 GHz
Spread spectrum
Bluetooth
48 bit MAC 48 bit MAC 32 bit physical ID Addressing
6 VOIP 1 Voice Channels
127 2 Supported Devices
Typical home 100 meters 1 meter Range
1Mbps,
2Mbps
1Mbps,
2Mbps
16Mbps Data Rate
100mW 100mW 100mW Transmission Power
RF
2.4 GHz
RF
2.4 GHz
Optical
850 nm
Spectrum
Spread
spectrum
Spread spectrum Infrared, narrow
beam
Connection Type
HomeRF 802.11 Wireless
LANs
Infrared Feature & Function
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YOU