COMMUNICATION

ZARMEEN SIDDIQUI
8362
 CONTENTS
• What is communication?
• Process of effective communication.
• One-way and Two-way communication.
• Internal and External communication.
• Communication methods
• Communication nets
• Barriers to Effective Communication.
 COMMUNICATION

Com m unicat ion is t he t ransferring

of m essage from t he sender t o
receiver, who underst ands t he
m essage. MESSAGE is t he
inform at ion or inst ruct ions being
passed by t he sender t o t he
receiver...
 The process of Effective
communication.
Effective communication involves feedback
from the receiver.
It involves four features:

1.Sender: the person who starts the process

by sending the message.
2.Medium of communication: the method
used to send a message, for example
letter, which is a method of written
communication.
3.Receiver: t he person who receives
t he m essage.
4.Feedback: is t he reply from t he
receiver which shows whet her t he
m essage has arrived, been
underst ood and if necessary act ed
upon.
5.
 ONE-WAY
 TWO-WAY


COMMUNICATION COMMUNICATION
One-way
 
communication
involves a message
which does not call for
or require a response.
For example; an
instruction does not
require a response’
“deliver these goods
tomorrow”.
Two-way communication
is when the receiver
gives a response to the
message and there is a
discussion about it. For
example; in
organizational meetings
opinions are required
which allows two way
communication, this can
also be an example of
EFFECTIVE
COMMUNICATION.
 INTERNAL EXTERNAL


COMMUNICATION COMMUNICATION
Internal communication
 External communication


is when the messages is when messages are

are sent between sent between one
people working in the organization and
same organization. another organization or
outside individual.
 Communication Methods
 Verbal communication:
It involves the sender of the message speaking to
the receiver.
Following are some methods of

verbal communication:

§ One to one talks

§ between sender and the receiver,
§ Telephone conversations,
§ Video conferencing,
§ Meetings.
 Written communication:
Written forms of communication includes the


following:
§ Letters,
§ Memos (memorandums); these are written
messages only used internally,
§ Notices; these are used to display information
which is open to everyone. However there is no
certainty that they are read,
§ E-mails.
§
•
 Visual communication:
Visual forms of communication includes the following:
§ Films and videos; used by businesses for
advertising purposes to catch attention of
consumers,
§ Posters;
§ Charts and diagrams;
 presentations can be

 given by using graphs and

 charts to give thorough

 explanations, usually used in

 business meetings.

§
 Communication nets
Communication nets are the ways in which


members of a group communicate with

each other, these are actually the links
between people in a group.
 Chain network
Messages are passed down from top of an
organization to the lower levels. Inaccuracy is a
drawback of chain network as the message has to
be passed through different levels.
 Wheel network
It can be used to communicate with
different departments or regions of a
business. Problems of one area of a
business can easily be solved as
communication is taking place,
between several departments and the
head; though departments do not have
the opportunity to communicate
among themselves.
 Connected network

It is used to create and discuss new

ideas as two-way communication is
the key feature
 Barriers to effective
communication
As we have already seen, there are four parts to any successful
communication- sender, receiver, medium used and feedback.
Communication can fail if any one of these four parts does not
operate as it should. If one part fails it would be called a barrier to
effective communication.
Barrier Description How to overcome the
barrier
PROBLEMS WITH Language which is too Understandable
THE SENDER difficult is used. language should be used
to ensure that the
receiver understands it.
The sender speaks Sender should be as
quickly or is not clear. clear as possible and
feedback should be
asked to ensure the
message is being
understood.
Wrong message is sent Make sure the message
by the sender to the is rightly sent to the
wrong person. right person.
PROBLEMS WITH Wrong channel has been Appropriate channel
THE MEDIUM used, e.g. important must be selected for
message was put on the each message sent.
notice board which most
of the people did not
 Important messages sent Make sure the receiver
through telephones may receives the correct
cause problems if there message and
is distortion. understands it.

Breakdown of medium, Other forms of

e.g. computer failure. communication should.
Where possible, be
made available.

PROBLEMS WITH They might not be The importance of the

THE RECEIVER listening or paying message shouldbe
attention. emphasized and
feedback should be
asked.
 Due to personal grudges Management should
the receiver may not be make sure such
willing to listen to the unprofessional acts are
message. not carried out.

PROBLEMS WITH There is no feedback. Perhaps the method of

FEEDBACK communication used did
not allow for feedback.

The original message Direct communication is

was not received due to always more effective.
distortion or longer
chain or command.
 CONCLUSION


 There is a very high significance of

communication in business world, and even in the
outer world. We simply cannot do without
communication, even a one month old infant
communicates with his mother!! Life is incomplete
without it…