Oma003001 GSM Signalling System-Mtp Issue2.0

OMA003001 GSM Signalling
System-MTP
ISSUE 2.0
Wireless Curriculum Development Section
Course Objectives
Upon completion
of this course, the
trainees should be
able to
Understand the basic concepts in CCS7
Understand the important
composition of CCS7 signaling units
Understand the basic signaling
procedure of CCS7
2
Confidential Information of Huawei.
No Spreading without Permission.
Security Level: Internal
Course Arrangement
Section 1 Basic Concepts in CCS7

Part 1 Signaling
Part 2 CCS7 Signaling Network

Part 3 Hierarchy of CCS7 Signaling System
Section 2 Signaling Units

Section 3 Signaling Procedure
3
Definition of signaling
All the control signals used within or

between communication equipment, whose
function are to set up communication;
Signals except bearer information (voice
information and non-voice information),
which are used to control the action of the
exchange.
4
Classification of signaling: According to working location
? Subscriber line signaling: between

subscriber and the exchange;
? Interoffice signaling: between exchanges.
subscriber line
signaling
exchan
ge
interoffice
signaling
exchan
ge
subscriber line
signaling
5

Classification of signaling: According to signaling channels
switching
equipment
signaling information carried

by speech channel
signaling
equipment
switching
equipment
signaling
equipment
a. CAS(Channel associated signaling):

CAS is composed of line signal and register signal. For
CAS, the signaling channel is combined with the bear
information channel (refers to register signal) or the two
have fixed correspondence (refers to line signal).
6
Classification of signaling: According to signaling channels
switching
equipment
switching
equipment
speech channel
signaling
equipment
dedicated channel for carrying signaling
signaling
equipment
b. CCS(Common channel signaling):

the signaling of a group of voice channels are
transmitted on a common high speed data link in the form
of time multiplexing.
7
The comparison of CAS and CCS

1) CAS:
multi - frequency in - band signals, small information volume
mutual - control transmission and receiving, slow speed
no signaling channel during conversation
2) CCS:
packet data signal, large information volume
non - mutual - control mechanism, fast speed
independent data link for signaling, signaling could be
transmitted during conversation
wide application area, suitable for future development
? require low error - code - ratio
? require conduction check of the voice channels
Please press button
to continue your study.

8

Course Arrangement

part 1 Signaling
part 2 CCS7 Signaling Network

part 3 Hierarchy of CCS7 Signaling System

9
Definition of CCS7 signaling network
In CCS7, signaling links are independent of voice

channels.
These signaling links form a network
dedicated to the transmission of signaling, the so called
CCS7 signaling network.
It is a multifunctional supporting network, can be used
in telephone network, circuit-switch data network, ISDN
network, and intelligent network, etc.. Fundamentally,
CCS7 signaling network is a packet switching data
network used for dedicated purpose.
10
Existing CCS7 signaling networks
Three supporting networks (in contrast to service

networks):
CCS7 signaling network;
synchronization network;
telecommunication management network(TMN).
The existing CCS7 signaling networks

International network, International reserved network,
national network,
national reserved network.
In CCS7, each message carries a field called NI (network indicator)
to indicate which of the four networks this message works in.
11
Three elements in a CCS7 signaling network

A CCS7 signaling network is composed of three elements:
Signaling Point (SP), Signaling Transfer Point (STP)

and Signaling Link.
As shown in the figure on
the right, in a CCS7
signaling network, SP is
represented by a circle,
STP is represented by a
square, link is represented
by a dashed line, voice path
is represented by a solid
line.
SP
SP
Link
Link
STP
12
1) SP (Signaling Point)
SP is the originating or destination point of a CCS7 message.
In each signaling network, a SP has an exclusive signaling
point code: SPC (14 bits). Since the four signaling networks
assign the SPCs independently, only NI+SPC can uniquely
locate a SP.
Notes: In data setting we usually describe SPC in Hex. Following
are some examples of SPC shown in binary and hex.
SPC (binary)
SPC (Hex)
00 0000 1011 0101
00b5
10 0011 1101 0111
23d7
13
OPC and DPC (1)
DPC: Destination Point Code

OPC: Originating Point Code
A message going from one SP to another SP should
bearing the SPC of the originating SP and the terminating
SP, which are called OPC and DPC respectively.
If we compare sending a message to sending a letter,
OPC and DPC are similar to the sender's address and
receiver's address.
14
2) STP (Signaling Transfer Point)

STP is the network node which transfers CCS7 messages.
3) Link
Link is the data channel which connects the nodes (SPs
and STPs) in CCS7 signaling network.
Digital link, 64 kb/s
15
Working modes of CCS7 signaling network
Working mode refers to the relationship between the

signaling link and the voice channels the link serves.
Presently two modes are in use:
1) Associated mode
The messages between two adjacent points are conveyed
over a link-set directly interconnecting those signaling points,
i.e., the link is parallel to the voice path.
SP A
SP B
16
Working modes of CCS7 signaling network
2) Quasi-associated mode
In the quasi-associated mode the
message which is going to arrive
at a SP goes through a
path
which is predetermined and via
STP
one or more STPs.
SP
SP B
17
When the links between any two offices are transferred by a

STP, how will be the link path?
STP
SP
A
SP
B
Tandem
C
Remember, the sole purpose of using

signaling is to serve the voice path.
18
When the links between any two offices are transferred

by a STP, how will be the link path?
STP
SP
A
SP
B
Tandem
C
Note: the arrows show the paths that

signaling messages go through.
Remember, a signaling path always
starts from one end of the voice path
it is going to serve, and ends up at
the other end of the voice path.
19
OPC and DPC (II)
In the following two figures, what's the DPC

and OPC of the messages?
Tandem Office
SPB
SPA
MSU1
OPC=?
DPC=?
MSU2
OPC=?
DPC=?
: voice path
: signaling link
SPC
SPA
(a)
STPB
MSU1
OPC=?
DPC=?
MSU2
OPC=?
DPC=?
SPC
(b)
20

OPC and DPC (II)
Answer:
Tandem Office
SPB
SPA
MSU1
OPC=A
DPC=B
MSU2
OPC=B
DPC=C
: voice path
: signaling link
SPC
SPA
(a)
STPB
MSU
OPC=A
DPC=C
MSU
OPC=A
DPC=C
SPC
(b)
21
Course Arrangement

part 1 Signaling


22
Hierarchy of CCS7 signaling system
The hierarchy of CCS7 system can be functionally divided into

two parts, i.e. Message Transfer Part (MTP) and User Part (UP).
1) MTP (Message Transfer Part)

The Message Transfer Part (MTP) provides the functions that
enable User Part's significant information to be transferred
across the signaling network to the required destination. In
addition, functions are included in the MTP to overcome network
and system failures that would affect the transfer of signaling
information.
23
Hierarchy of CCS7 signaling system

2) UP (User Part)
The User Part (UP) is the "user" of
MTP. It includes TUP (Telephone
User Part), ISUP (ISDN User Part),
etc.
UP
T
U
P
In the following, our explanation will

focus on TUP, which transmits and
receives interoffice control signals

to/from the MTP for telephone calls
MTP
during call process.
The figure on the right describes the

relation between UP and MTP.
24
Three levels of MTP
MTP could be further divided into 3 levels, namely, level 1-- signaling
data link, level 2 -- signaling link, level 3 -- signaling network.These
three levels are similar to the first three levels of OSI model.
1) Level 1: Signaling
Data Link
A signaling data link is a bi-directional transmission path for signaling,
comprising two data channels operating together in opposite
directions at the same data rate. It constitutes the lowest functional
level (level 1) in the Signaling System No. 7 functional hierarchy.
25
Three levels of MTP
Link
The second level provides such functions as signal
unit delimitation, signal unit alignment, error detection,
error correction, initial alignment, signaling link error
monitoring and flow control. It, working together with
level 1, ensures the reliable transmission of
messages between two adjacent SPs.
26
Three levels of MTP
Network
Functions on this level include signaling message handling and
signaling network management.
In the transmission of messages, the function of signaling
message handling sends the messages to the proper link or user
part; while when malfunctions come up, the network management
function realizes the reorganization of the signaling network, and
when congestion appears, the network management function
carries out flow control at the network level, so as to ensure the
reliable transmission of signaling under extreme conditions.
27
The 4-level structure of CCS7 system
L4
SP A
User Part
SP B
User Part
Logical
channel
Message
Distribution
L3 Signaling Network
Logical
channel
Signaling Network
Message
Discrimination
L2
Signaling Link
L1 Signaling Data Link
Message
Routing
Logical
channel
Signaling Link
Physical
channel
Signaling Data Link

28

The distribution of CCS7 system in C&C08
AM/CM
SM
SM
OPT
OPT
MPU
LPN7
LEVEL 4
LEVEL 3
MPU
LEVEL 4
LEVEL 2
BNET
DT
LEVEL 1
LINKS
29
Course Arrangement

part 1 Signaling


30
Definition of CCS7 signaling unit
Signaling unit (SU) is the

minimum unit used to carry the
various signaling messages in
CCS7 signaling system.
31
The classification of signaling units--According to the sources
1. MSU (Message Signaling Unit)

Used to transfer the signaling message from the 4th level or the
signaling network management message from the 3rd level.
2. LSSU (Link Status Signaling Unit)

Originating and terminating at the 3rd level, it carries no detailed
signaling message, used to indicate the link status when the link is
put into use or malfunctions, so as to set up or recover the signaling
links.
3. FISU (Fill-in Signaling Unit)

Originating and terminating at the 2nd level, it is used to fill in the
vacant locations when the link is free or congested, so as to keep the
link in the status of communication, and sometimes it is also used to
confirm the receive of message from the opposite side.
32
The structure of MSU, LSSU and FISU
CK
SIF
16
8n(n2)
SIO
LI
FIB
FSN
BIB
BSN
F
8 Sending
Direction
Structure of MSU
F
CK
SF
16
LI
FIB
FSN
BIB
BSN
7
Structure of LSSU
CK
16
LI
FIB
FSN
7
BIB
1
Structure of FISU
BSN
F
8 Sending
Direction
Sending
Direction
33

Important fields in TUP MSU-- CIC, SLC
CIC: Circuit Identification Code (12 bits)

SLC: Signaling Link Code (4 bits)
switching
equipment
switching
equipment
speech channel
signaling
equipment
link
signaling
equipment
As shown in the above figure, there are multiple circuits (e.g.. one time slot
is one circuit) connecting two adjacent SPs. To distinguish them, we should
assign each of them a code, CIC. So CIC is unique in each direction, and is
coded in 12 bits. Therefore, in each direction we can have as many as
212=4096 circuits, and the value range of CIC is [0~4095].
34
7 bits
5 bits
PCM system number
Correspondence
of
CIC
and E1:
For E1, the lowest 5 bits of
CIC represent PCM time slot
number, and the higher 7 bits
represent
PCM
system
number.
CIC
PCM time slot number
CIC
E1#1
0000001 00000 TS0

0000001 00001 TS1
0000001 11111 TS31
E1#0
CIC
TS0
TS1
0000000 00000
0000000 00001
TS31
0000000 11111
35
Similarly, if there are multiple links connecting two adjacent SPs, to

distinguish them, we should assign each of them a code, SLC. So
SLC is unique in each direction, and is coded in 4 bits. Therefore, in
each direction we can have as many as 24=16 links, and the value
range of SLC is [0~15].
local SP
one
direction
..
CIC=0,
CIC=1,
CIC=0,
CIC=1,
CIC=m1
CIC=m2
SLC=0,
SLC=1,
SLC=0,
SLC=1,
SLC=n1
SLC=n2
..
another
direction
...
..
36

Dual seizure
Different from CAS, in CCS7 we usually use bi-directional trunk

circuits. This induces the possibility of selecting the same circuit from
the two offices at the same time, which is called "dual seizure".
To prevent this, for each circuit, we assign its "master" control right to
one office, and the "non-master" or "slave" control right over this
circuit to the office at the other end.
Usually we assign the master control rights according to the circuit's
CIC number : if the CIC number is even then its master control right is
given to the office which has larger SPC (Signaling point code), and if
the CIC number is odd then its master control right is given to the
office which has smaller SPC.
Following is an example of CIC and master right distribution.
37
Dual seizure
SP B
SPC=0001
SP A
SPC=0002
0
1
2
master
slave
master
2n
master
2n+1
slave
slave 0
master 1
slave 2
slave
2n
master 2n+1
38
Dual seizure
The principle to avoid dual seizure:
When the local office wants to make an outgoing call, it first tries
those circuits on which it has master control right; only when all
these circuits are busy, will the local SP try the circuits it has slave
control right.
So when the slave circuits are to be selected, the possibility of "dual
seizure" rises again. Hence different "circuit selection modes" are
used: for the circuits on which the local office has master control
right, "FIFO" mode is adopted, which means the circuit bearing the
longest idle period will be selected; while for the circuits on which
the local office has slave control right, "LIFO" mode is adopted,
which means the circuit bearing the shortest idle period will be
selected. In this way, most of the danger of "Dual seizure" can be
avoided.
To be continued...
39
Dual seizure
The principle to avoid dual seizure:

But still there is an extreme occasion when there is only one
idle circuit left for selection from both sides. Then if both sides
try to use this circuit at the same time, the possibility of dual
seizure rises again. In this case, the principle is the "slave"
side should give way to the "master" side.
Please press button
to continue your study.

40

Course Arrangement

part 1 Signaling


41
Basic signaling procedure
SPA
SPB
IAM (6660008)
IAM:
initial
address
message, the part or all of

the called number are sent
ACM
the caller listen to

the ring back tone
in this message
ACM:
address
ANC
complete
message
the called
phone rings
the called party
pick up the phone
communication
ANC: answer signal, charge

CLF: clear forward message
RLG: release guard signal

the caller
hooks on
first
CLF
RLG
After hearing the busy

tone, the called party
hooks on.
42
Call connection through tandem office

LE
TM
LE
IAM* (66)
SAM ( or
. SAO ) (60)
SAO (8)
IAM** (6660008)
ACM
ACM
ring back tone
SAM: Subsequent address message,

following IAM, used to send the
subsequent digits of the called
number which haven't been sent
by IAM.
SAO: Subsequent address message
with one signal. Similar to SAM,
but can send only one digit.
CBK: Clear backward signal
ANC
ANC
conversation
CBK
CBK
CLF
RLG
the called party

hooks on first
CLF
RLG
43

Send caller number initiatively

the originating
toll office
LE
the destination
toll office
the called party

pick up the phone
the called
phone rings
IAI(66, 8880003)
SAM( or SAO) (60)
..
SAO (8)
IAM**(6660008)
ACM
ACM
IAI :
Initial address
message
with
addtional information. If the
caller number is to be
sent initiatively, IAI is
used.
ring back tone

ANC
ANC
conversation
CLF
CLF
RLG
RLG
44
The opposite office ask for caller number (e.g.,Malicious

call tracing, CLID)
the called
the called party
phone rings
pick up the phone
TM
LE
LE
IAM(6660008)
IAM(6660008)
GRQ
GRQ
GSM(8880003)
GSM(8880003)
ACM
ACM
GRQ:
General
request
message. It is used to ask
for caller number and some
other information.
GSM:
General
forward
setup
information
message. It is used to send
caller number and some
other information.
ring back tone

ANC
ANC
conversation
CLF
CLF
RLG
45
The cooperation of CCS7 and R2
LE
CCS7
TM
R2
IAM (666)
.. (0)
SAO
SAO (8)
SEIZE
6 (the 1st
A1digit)
6 (the 2nd digit)
..
ACM
ANC
CBK
CLF
LE
A1
8 (the last digit)
A3
II-1
B6
the called
phone rings
the called party

pick up the phone
ring back tone

ANSWER
conversation
CBK
CLF
RLG
RLG
46
Summary
This course describes the following

important aspects of CCS7:
Basic concepts of CCS7: signaling, CCS7
signaling network, CCS7 hierarchy
Signaling Units, in which CIC, SLC, etc.

are the most important concepts.
Signaling procedure
47
48

Oma003001 GSM Signalling System-Mtp Issue2.0

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Oma003001 GSM Signalling System-Mtp Issue2.0

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

OMA003001 GSM Signalling

Wireless Curriculum Development Section

Security Level: Internal

Section 1 Basic Concepts in CCS7

Part 2 CCS7 Signaling Network

Section 2 Signaling Units

Security Level: Internal

All the control signals used within or

Security Level: Internal

Classification of signaling: According to working location

? Subscriber line signaling: between

? Interoffice signaling: between exchanges.

Confidential Information of Huawei.

Security Level: Internal

Classification of signaling: According to signaling channels

signaling information carried

a. CAS(Channel associated signaling):

Security Level: Internal

Classification of signaling: According to signaling channels

dedicated channel for carrying signaling

b. CCS(Common channel signaling):

Security Level: Internal

The comparison of CAS and CCS

to continue your study.

Confidential Information of Huawei.

Security Level: Internal

Section 1 Basic Concepts in CCS7

part 2 CCS7 Signaling Network

Section 2 Signaling Units

Security Level: Internal

Definition of CCS7 signaling network

In CCS7, signaling links are independent of voice

Security Level: Internal

Existing CCS7 signaling networks

Three supporting networks (in contrast to service

The existing CCS7 signaling networks

Security Level: Internal

Three elements in a CCS7 signaling network

Signaling Point (SP), Signaling Transfer Point (STP)

Security Level: Internal

Three elements in a CCS7 signaling network

Security Level: Internal

OPC and DPC (1)

DPC: Destination Point Code

Security Level: Internal

Three elements in a CCS7 signaling network

2) STP (Signaling Transfer Point)

Security Level: Internal

Working modes of CCS7 signaling network

Working mode refers to the relationship between the

Working modes of CCS7 signaling network

which is predetermined and via

one or more STPs.

Security Level: Internal

When the links between any two offices are transferred by a

Remember, the sole purpose of using

Security Level: Internal

When the links between any two offices are transferred

Note: the arrows show the paths that

Security Level: Internal

OPC and DPC (II)

In the following two figures, what's the DPC

Confidential Information of Huawei.