ENDo_0

.. Prepared by : Osama Ahmad Almasry

Level 7
Course Director : Dr . M. Altammimi

Goals of Root canal instruments

To provide biologic environment to healing
To develop canal shape to healing

:: Endo instruments
Hand instruments 1
mouth mirror , Endo Explorer , Endo excavator , Endo plugger ,
Locking pliers , plastic instrument , Spreader

Instruments for pulp space preparation 2

Group I Hand & finger operated instruments ( Barbed broach , Rasps , K files ,
Hedstrom file )
Group II Low speed instruments
Group III Engine driven instruments of similar to group one

:: Types of files
Traditional : carbon steel
Stainless steel
Niti : nickel titanium

Mouth mirror

Endo Explorer

Two straight # very sharp end

For Exploration of canal orifices

Endo Explorer

Endo spreader ( Hand ) ( Finger )

For compaction of gutta percha during obturation

Pointed tipHand or finger-

Endo Spreader

Finger Spreaders
Finger size # 15
Finger size # 20
Finger size # 25

Explorer vs spreader
Explorer

spreader

Endo Excavator

Much longer offset from long axisSharp to cut pulp tissue-

Locking pliers

Grooves to hold paper point

And Gutta percha points

College Pliers

Perry Pliers

Fine tip for work within small pulp chamber

Plastic instrument

Endo plugger (hand )

Flat tipDepth orientation groovesHand or fingerCan be heated-

Finger pluggers can be precurved to

facilitate condensation. They are
.generally used deeper in the canal

Schilder Pluggers: Note that handles used

. in the School are NOT color coordinated and vary quite a bit

Heat Transfer Instruments

Spreader like design
Designed for repeated heating

Chamber roof is left in the the maxillary premolar (L). The

other image (R) demonstrates what the access looks like
immediately after un-roofing the chamber. The access
.needs to be completed with a tapered diamond

Transfer sponge

Gates-Glidden Bur

Pesso Reamers
/

Lentulo Spirals

Endodontic Files
k-file #15-40 25mm length
k-file #15-40 31mm length
K-file #45-80 25mm length
K-file #10
25mm length
K-file #10
31mm length

Hedstrom Files (H- file)

#15-40

Endo File

Barbed broaches

Endo Ruler

Gutta percha

Paper point

Sealer

REAMER

, The angle between the long-axis and the cutting blade is small
. which is why preparation by reamer is effective only in rotating motion

REAMER

A reamer is manufactured from a triangular or square steel wire

.that is twisted to give the typical shape of a reamer

K-FILE

K-files are manufactured from square or sometimes triangular

.steel wire that is twisted to give the typical shape of a K-file

The angle The tip of the instrument is cutting

which makes the K-file best suited
for the preparation
. of straight canals
between the long-axis and the cutting blade
,is greater than in a reamer

FLEXOREAMER
Flexoreamers are manufactured from a triangular steel wire:
that is twisted to give the typical shape of a reamer

The angle between the long-axis

, and the cutting blade is small
and therefore
preparation by flexoreamer is
. effective only in rotatory motion

FLEXOFILE
Flexofiles are manufactured from triangular (note!) steel wire that is
.twisted to give the typical profile of a K-file

The angle between the long-axis

and the cutting
, blade is bigger than in reamers
which is why
preparation by flexofile is effective
both in rotating motion and in filing motion
)up and down movement (

HEDSTR0EM FILE
. Hedstroem files are manufactured from round steel wire by grinding

The angle between the long-axis

and the cutting blade
,is close to right angle
which is why preparation by Hedstroem files
is effective only
when using
. a filing motion (up and down movement)

NITI

NiTiflex-files are manufactured from nickel-titan wire

. that is ground to give the typical profile of a K-file

The angle between the long-axis and

the cutting blade
, is bigger than in reamers
and therefore preparation
by NiTiflex-file is effective
both in rotating motion
and in filing motion
). up and down movement (

Total of 6 radiographs will be taken

.and mounted for each case
.Preoperative radiograph (without rubber dam)
.Working length radiograph (with rubber dam)
.Master apical file radiograph (with rubber dam)
.Master cone radiograph (with rubber dam)
.Intermediate radiograph (with rubber dam)
.Final radiograph (without rubber dam)

:A Diagnostic Endodontic Film requires that

.The tooth is centered on the film
.At least 5mm of bone beyond the apex of the tooth is visible
.The image is as anatomically correct as possible

.. To be continued

..