World Wide

Web
 What Is the World Wide
Web (WWW)?
• The world wide web (WWW) is a subset of the
computers on the Internet that connect in a
certain way, making their content accessible to
each other.
• The WWW includes an easy to use standard
interface facilitating ease of use.
• The world wide web (or web) is software that
runs on machines connected to the Internet
 Definitions
• Collectively, all of the web pages on the Internet
which hyperlink to each other and to other kinds
of documents and media;
• Internet resources that are retrieved by Hypertext
Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
en.wiktionary.org/wiki/World_Wide_Web
• Computer network consisting of a collection of
internet sites that offer text and graphics and
sound and animation resources through the
hypertext transfer protocol.
- wordnet.princeton.edu
 Take note! There is a
difference
• The term is often mistakenly used as a
synonym for the Internet itself.
• The Web is a service that operates over the
Internet, as e-mail does.
• The history of the Internet dates back
significantly further than that of the World
Wide Web.
 Concepts Used
• The network traffic generated by the web is
greater than e-mail, file transfers and other data
traffic
• The web is based on two major concepts
• Hypertext and HTML

• And ancillary concepts:

• Client-Server Model
• Interactive Re-animation
 Hypertext
• A format of information which allows, in a computer
environment, one to move from one part of a document
to another or from one document to another through
internal connections among these documents (called "
hyperlinks");
• Hypertext is text which is not constrained to be linear.
Hypertext is text which contains links to other texts. The
term was coined by Ted Nelson around 1965.
• HyperMedia is a term used for hypertext which is not
constrained to be text: it can include graphics, video and
sound , for example. Apparently Ted Nelson was the first
to use this term too.
 HTML
• HTML is a language that includes a set of tags
attached to text.
• These tags describe the relationship between
text elements.
• A hypertext link (or hyperlink) points to
another location in the same or another HTML
document (that might be stored on the same
or another computer).
 Other Concepts
• Client-Server model of computing: a system in
which client software or a client computer
makes requests of server software or a server
computer that provides the client with
resources or services, such as data or files.
• Interactive re-animation - A system that brings
the internet 'alive’.
 Function
• Viewing a web page on the World Wide Web normally
begins either by typing the URL (www.google.com).
• The server-name portion of the URL is resolved into an
IP address using the global, distributed Internet
database known as the domain name system, or DNS.
(216.239.51.99)
• In the case of a typical web page, the HTML text of the
page is requested first and parsed immediately by the
web browser, which then makes additional requests for
images and any other files that form parts of the page.
 Function
• While receiving these files from the web
server, browsers may progressively render the
page onto the screen as specified by its HTML,
CSS, and other web languages.
• Most web pages will themselves contain
hyperlinks to other related pages and perhaps
to downloads, source documents, definitions
and other web resources.
 Statistics
• According to 2001 study, 550 Million Documents available
on the web
• According to 2002 study, 2,024 Million Web Pages

• January 2005 – 11.5 Billion Pages

• July 2008 – 1 Trillion Unique URLs discovered by Google

• May 2009 – More than 109.5 Billion Websites operated

• Of these 74% are for Commercial purposes

 Evolution
• 1980–1991: Development of the World Wide Web

• 1992–1995: Growth of the WWW

• Early Browsers
• Web Organisations

• 1996–1998: Commercialization of the WWW

• 1999–2001: "Dot-com" boom and bust

• 2002–present: The Web becomes ubiquitous

 Development of the World
Wide Web
• 1980 - Englishman Tim Bernes-Lee, an independent
Contractor at the European Organisation for Nuclear
Research (CERN), Switzerland, built ENQUIRE, as a
personal database of people and software models.
• 1984-1990 – With Robert Cailliau, another enthusiast of
the idea of creating a common machine to share data
around the world, Tim created all the basic tools
necessary for a working web:
• HTTP,
• HTML,
• first web browser (WorldWideWeb, which was also a web
editor),
 • first HTTP software (CERN httpd),
• the first web server (http://info.cern.ch), and
• the first web pages that described the project
itself. (Only worked on NeXT)

• 1991-Paul Kunz visited CERN and adapted the

software to work on other operating systems.
 Initiators of the W3

Tim Berners-Lee followed his Robert Cailliau,

dream of a better, easier way to collaborator on the
communicate via computers on a World Wide Web
global scale, which led him to project and first Web
create the World Wide Web. surfer.
The First Web Server

The historic NeXT computer used by

Tim Berners-Lee in 1990, on display in
the Microcosm exhibition at CERN. It
was the first web server, hypermedia
browser and web editor.
 Growth Of WWW
• Early adopters of the World Wide Web were primarily
university-based scientific departments or physics
laboratories such as Fermilab and SLAC.
• The Graphical browser for Operating Systems other
than NeXT were made available in 1992
• First Microsoft Windows browser – Cello – released in
1993.
• In 1994, first WWW conference held at CERN & has
been held every year since.
Commercialization of the
WWW
• By 1996, most publicly traded companies
realized the importance of the Web presence.
• At first, it was only seen as the medium of
sharing information.
• Then, after 1996, e-commerce and dotcom
companies started growing and the
importance of the Web presence as a business
opportunity was realized.
 "Dot-com" boom and
bust
• The low interest rates in 1998–99 helped
increase the start-up capital amounts.
• Only a few companies had realistic plans but
were able to get finances because of the
novelty of the dot-com concept.
• In 2001 the bubble burst, and many dot-com
startups went out of business after burning
through their venture capital and failing to
become profitable.
 The Web becomes
ubiquitous
• In the aftermath of the dot-com bubble, telecommunications
companies had a great deal of overcapacity as many Internet
business clients went bust.
• That, plus ongoing investment in local cell infrastructure kept
connectivity charges low, and helping to make high-speed
Internet connectivity more affordable.
• During this time, a handful of companies found success
developing business models that helped make the World Wide
Web a more compelling experience.
• Examples: Airline booking sites, Google’s Search Engine,
Advertising, E-bay, Amazon, Networking sites (Facebook,
Twitter).
Today…
Current Trends

…Internet and the World Wide

 Objectives
• The initial objective of creating World Wide Web was to create
a common machine to share the data around the world.
• As the importance of this common platform was realized, the
object of the www modified (To share data and make profits).
• Today, the www is not only used for sharing of knowledge but
also used for following purposes:
• E-commerce
• Shopping Sites: E-bay, Amazon
• Ticket Booking and reservation sites
• Social Networking
• Search Engines
• Online Advertising
 Pros and Cons
• Pros:
• Information Accessible from around the world
• Business made easy through E-commerce
• Advertising
• Shopping
• Ticket Booking
• No Traffic
• 24 hrs access
• Can view comparative prices, reviews without
leaving their homes
 Pros
• Sharing of views through blogs
• Communication made easier
• Saves Time
• Entertainment
• Services
• Job Seeking
• Online Banking
 Cons
• No information secure
• Hacking
• People wary of online transactions
• Virus Threat
• Spamming
• Misuse
• Speed Issues (Also called World Wide Wait
sometime because of congestion)
 Case Study:
Dotcom Marketing In India
• What are the strategies used by dotcom
companies for entering the Indian market?
• The dotcoms used bumper stickers, holdings,
full-page ads in leading newspapers, contests,
interactive campaigns, etc. for the purpose of
making customers aware of their pressure in
India by late 1999. Dotcoms spent 25% of their
total revenue on promotions, amounting to Rs.
500 million.
• What were the major problems with dotcom
advertising?
• As there was a rush to go online due to the net
revolution, many companies established their
presence through corporate websites. But as
the websites grew in number, it became
difficult for customers to search for sites of
their choice.
• Analyze the role of search engines in the dotcom
industry.
• Search engines emerged as key players directing
millions of surfers to various sites to solve the
problems of choice for customers. The phenomenal
growth of search engines was accompanied by
unprecedented choices. This lead to the
transformation of search directories into portals.
Reach was taken for granted and competition was
based on richness of content, presentation and
strong community features like chat rooms,
discussion rooms, etc.
 Conclusion
• We can, from the discussion, conclude that The World
Wide Web contributes greatly to the creation of an
ever-increasing global information database and its
importance keeps increasing day by day.
• Usage of w3 has become a necessity for today’s
educated generation.
• Its ability to easily deliver information in any format,
to/from a wide range of computing platforms keeps all
the internet users hooked to w3.
THANK YOU

• Aditi Khandelwal(08D1027)

• Uday (08D1024)

• Yugank (08D1025)

• Shaurya (08D1020)