Basic Safety

A GENERAL INFORMATION

By: William B. Moring

Trainor , Mechanical
Technology
XU-CIT
Why Safety?

Common accident victims were working as

production and related workers, transport
equipment operators and laborers, male,
married, workers aged 26 - 30, with 1- 5
years in service in the company assigned in
the first shift.
 Why Safety?

Ozone Disco Fire : On March 18, 1996 a fire at the Ozone disco along Timog
Avenue in Quezon City left 160 people dead and 90 others seriously injured. Around
350 young Filipinos were inside the bar when the fire struck.
Basic Definition
•Safety : act of being free from causing or undergoing
hurt, injury or loss.
: freedom from accident
: freedom harm, injury or loss

• Accident : unplanned, undesired event, not necessarily injuries

or damaging that disrupts the completion of an
activity.

• Hazard : any potential or existing condition in the workplace

that, by itself or by interacting with other variables, can
result in death , injuries, property damage and other
losses.
•Hazard Control :Involves developing a program to
recognize, evaluate, and eliminate ( or at least reduce )
the destructive efforts of hazards arising from human
errors and from conditions in the workplace.

•Risk :Chance of physical or personal loss.

HAZARD + EXPOSURE

•Incident : An event that may or may not result to loss

Legal Basis of Safety and Health Standard

• Article 162, Book IV Chapter II, under PD 442 otherwise

known as the “Labor Code of the Philippines” 1978:
Occupational Safety and Health Standards.

• The Secretary of Labor shall, by appropriate orders, set and

enforce mandatory Occupational Safety and Health Standards
to eliminate or reduce occupational safety and health hazards
in all workplaces and institute new, and update existing
programs to ensure safe and healthful working conditions in all
places of employment.

• DOLE– BWC – OSHC

 Duties of the Employees/Workers:

1. Cooperate with employer in carrying out the provision of

the OSH Standard

2. Report to his supervisor, hazards found in his

workplace

3. Use safe guards and safety devices

 4. Follow instruction given by the employer in accordance

with standards
 Duties of the Employers:

1. Provide a safe place of employment

2. Give complete job safety instructions to all workers

3. Use only approved devices & equipment

  4. Comply with the requirements of the OSHS

THE IMMEDIATE CAUSES OF
ACCIDENT

Unsafe Acts
+
Unsafe Conditions
=
Accidents / Incidents
10
Unsafe Act : 80 – 98 %

- Behaviors which can permit the

occurrence of the accident or incidents.

- Deviation from standard operating

procedure.
BASIC TYPES OF UNSAFE ACTS

• Operating/using equipment w/o authority

• Failure to secure against unexpected movement

• Operating/working at an unsafe speed

• Failure to warn/signal as required

• Removing/making safety devices inoperative

• Using defective tools or equipment

12
Unsafe Condition :2 – 20 %

- Physical conditions of equipment,

materials or work environment that can
permit accidents or incidents to occur.
UNSAFE CONDITIONS

-Poor housekeeping
-Poor ventilation
-High temperatures
-High Noise levels
-PPE not adequate
-Radiation hazard
-Restricted workplace

-Fire, flammable, explosion hazard

-Defective equipment, materials, etc
TYPES OF HAZARDS:
• Physical Hazards

• Chemical Hazards

• Biological Hazards

• Ergonomics Hazards

• Mechanical Hazards

• Electrical Hazards
Physical Hazards

•Noise

•Temperature Extreme

•Vibration

•Illumination

•Pressure
• Chemical Hazards
• Biological Hazards

Characterized by organism that has:

• Life

• Ability to multiply
Route of Entry:
• Ergonomics Hazards