General Concepts on

OSH
Session Objectives:

At the end of the session, the participants will

be able to define and discuss the general
concepts of OSH towards effective OSH
implementation in the workplace.
ACCIDENT
• An occurrence or event that is
unexpected / unforeseen, unplanned and
unwanted.

Leads to:
• loss; damage
• Injury
• death
Common Reasons for Accidents

Layman’s Version:

• “Oras na kasi niya, hayaan na natin siyang

mamahinga!”
• “Ang malas naman niya!”
• T***a kasi niya!”
• “Kasama sa Trabaho yan!”

These are not real causes---

only EXCUSES
ACCIDENTS
ACCIDENTS
ACCIDENTS
ACCIDENTS
 Accident causation

PEOPLE MATERIALS
Workforce Used, worked or
Management of the made
work force
Policies Behavior
EQUIPMENT
Tools and Machinery

ENVIRONMENT
Physical surroundings Natural
environment
Community, social & legal influences

Accident causation refers to the factors that are the primary

reasons behind an accident
Accidents & Productivity
H. W. Heinrich, Domino Theory

Study of Accidents
• 98% - Preventable
o 88% - Unsafe / Unhealthy Acts
o 10% - Unsafe / Unhealthy Conditions

• 2 % - Non-Preventable
Unsafe / Unhealthy Acts

• A human action that departs

from a standard o written job
procedure or common practice,
safety rules, regulation, or
instruction.

•A violation of a commonly-
accepted safe procedures and or
processes.
What will you look as workers?

Unsafe Acts Unhealthy Acts

• Operating equipment
without authority
•Removing Safety Devices
•Using Defective Equipment
•Using improper / Not using
of PPE
•Horse Playing
•Smoking cigarettes in the
workplace
•Inhaling organic solvents
•Drinking alcoholic beverage
during office hours
•Taking illegal drugs inside
company premises
Unsafe/Unhealthy Condition

•The physical or chemical property of a

material, machine or the environment that
may result in injury to a person, damager
or destruction to property and other
losses;
•Could have been guarded or prevented.
What will you look as workers?

Unsafe condition Unhealthy Condition

•Defective tools / •Excessive Noise
equipment •Inadequate
•Congested Blocked Exits Illumination/Ventilation
•Inadequate Warning •Extreme Temperature
systems
•Slippery floors
•Hazardous atmospheric
condition
 ACCIDENTS / ILLNESSES

US/UH US / UH
Acts Conditions

• Unaware • Unnoticed
• Unable • Uncorrected
• Unmotivated
A Fatal Accident is
just a TIP of the
Iceberg
As workers, you need to:

•Identify the unsafe / unhealthy acts and

condition in your workplace
•Implement control measure to prevent
accident and illnesses
REVIEW
Differentiate between unsafe /
unhealthy acts and unsafe /
unhealthy condition
Clear Points
•Accident and injuries result to losses of lives, limbs, time and
property
•Most accident sat work could have been prevented. Unsafe
and unhealthy acts and conditions in the workplace must be
addressed.
•Every Workplace has different hazards, risk, level of
exposure. Tailor fit your OSH response to your risk
classification.
Development of an
Occupation Safety
and Health Program
 A Safety and Health Program is a
systematic plan TO IDENTIFY and
CONTROL HAZARDS and RESPOND
TO EMERGENCIES

It lays out RESPONSIBILITIES, RESOURCES, and

PROCEDURES for keeping the workplace safety
and healthy
 Prohibited Acts and its Corresponding
Section 29:

Penalties
Any willful failure
or refusal of an
employer , contractor
and subcontractor to
comply with the
following OSH
Standards or with a
compliance order
issued by the Secretary
of Labor and
Employment or
his/her authorized
representative shall be
penalized of the
administrative fines as
follows.(computed on
daily basis until full
compliance):
 Prohibited Acts and its Corresponding
Section 29:

Penalties

Failure or refusal to comply with OSH Standards or

compliance order shall be deemed willful when done
voluntarily, deliberately and intentionally.

An employer, contractor or subcontractor who is

found repeatedly violated the same prohibited act shall
be penalized for the corresponding fine plus an
additional fine equivalent to fifty percent(50%) thereof
for every instance of repeat violation.
 Prohibited Acts and its Corresponding
Section 29:

Penalties

If any of the following acts is present and there is non-compliance, the

penalty of one hundred thousand pesos (₱100,000,00) administrative fine shall
be imposed separate and in addition to the daily administrative fine imposed
above:

1. Repeated Obstruction, delay or refusal to provide the Secretary of Labor

and Employment or any of its authorized representatives access to the
covered workplace, or refusal to provide or allow access to relevant records
and document or obstruct the conduct of investigation of any fact
necessary in determining compliance in OSH Standards;
2. Misrepresentation in in relation in adherence in OSH Standards; or
3. Making retaliatory measures such as termination of employment,
refusal to pay, reducing wages and benefits or in any manner
discriminates against any workers who has given information
relative to the inspection being conducted.
 Prohibited Acts and its Corresponding
Section 29:

Penalties

When the violation exposes the workers to death, serious injury or serious
illness, the imposable penalty shall be one hundred thousand
pesos(₱100,000,00)

Should be there two (2) or more be non-compliance, all penalties shall be

imposed; provided that the total daily penalty shall not exceed one hundred
thousand pesos (₱100,000,00).

The penalties shall be computed on a per day basis until full compliance
reckoned from the date of the notice of violation or service of the
compliance order to the employer without the prejudice to the filing of the
criminal or civil case in the regular courts, as the case may be. Fines herein
imposed shall be without prejudice to the fines imposable by other
appropriate government agencies.
 Prohibited Acts and its Corresponding
Section 29:

Penalties

The RD shall, after due notice and hearing, impose the appropriate
administrative fines taking into consideration the damage or injury
caused and risk involve including the severity and frequency an the
OSH violations and size of the establishment.

Fines collected pursuant to this Rules shall be utilized for the

operation of OSH initiatives incentivizing qualified employers and
workers in recognition of their efforts towards ensuring compliance
with OSH and General Labor standards including OSH Trainings
and Education as well as intergovernmental programs and activities
END OF MODULE 2

THANK YOU!!!!!!