LEONARD

O DA
VINCI
Ainhara Garca
Marina Suso
Sandra Castillero

LEONARDO DA VINCI
Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci was an Italian polymath whose areas
of interest included invention, painting, sculpting, architecture,
science, music, mathematics, engineering, literature, anatomy,
geology, astronomy, botany, writing, history, poetry, and
cartography
considered one of the greatest painters of all time , being regarded
by many as the prime exemplar of the "Universal Genius" or
"Renaissance Man"

Vinci Town

EARLY LIFE
Leonardo was born on April 15, 1452, in the
Tuscan hill town of Vinci.
He was the illegitimate son of Messer Piero
(notary) and Caterina (a peasant that may
have been a slave from the Middle East.
His full birth name was "Leonardo di ser Piero
da Vinci" ("Leonardo, son of (Mes)ser Piero
from Vinci").
His father had married a sixteen-year-old girl
named Albiera, who loved Leonardo but
died young.

Young
Leonardo

VERROCHIOS WORKSHOP

Andrea di Cione
(Verrochio)

at fourteen, Leonardo was apprenticed to one

of the most successful artists of his day:
Verrocchio (Andrea di Cione).
He learnt in Verrochios workshop, where he
got: an education in the humanities, a vast
range of technical skills of: drafting,
chemistry, metallurgy, metal working, plaster
casting, leather working, mechanics and c
carpentry; artistic skills of: drawing,
painting, sculpting and modeling.
model for two works and collaborated with
Verrocchio on his Baptism of Christ as well

Baptism of Christ

PROFESSIONAL LIFE. 1

monastery of Santissima
Annunziata

His earliest known dated work is a drawing in

pen and ink of the Arno valley
Leonardo had his own workshop
He worked in Milan between 1482 and 1499,
where much of his earlier working life was
spent in the service of Ludovico il Moro.
He was later on employed in Venice, as a
military architect and engineer, devising
methods to defend the city from naval attack.
On his return to Florence in 1500, he and his
household were guests of the Servite monks
at the monastery of Santissima Annunziata

Arno Valley

Porta Orientale (parish of Santa

Babila)

PROFESSIONAL LIFE. 2
Leonardo entered the service of Cesare Borgia, (son
of Pope Alexander VI) acting as a military
architect and engineer
Many of Leonardo's pupils or followers in painting
included: Bernardino Luini, Giovanni Antonio
Boltraffio and Marco D'Oggione.
His father died in 1504
In 1508, he was back in Milan, living in his own
house in Porta Orientale in the parish of Santa
Babila.

Cesare Borgia

Francesco Melzi

castle of amboise

Clos Luc

OLD AGE
He spent much of his time living in the Belvedere in the Vatican
(Rome).
In 1516, he entered Franois' service, being given the use of the
manor house Clos Luc near the king's residence at the royal
Chateau Amboise
It was here that he spent the last three years of his life,
accompanied by his friend and apprentice, Count Francesco
Melzi
Leonardo died at Clos Luc (France) on May 2, 1519 with his head
being held by the King

SOME
FAMOUS
PAINTINGS

La Virgen De
Las Rocas
(1483-1486)

La Dama del Armio

(1489-1490)
La ltima cena (1495-1498)

La Gioconda (15021517)
Medusa

(1568)

Autorretrato
(1512)

San Juan
Bautista
(1513)

LEONARDO DA VINCIS
INVENTION EXAMPLES

FLYING MACHINES
ANEMOMETER
device used for
measuring wind
speed,
common weather station
instrument.
term is derived from the
Greek word anemos
(wind),
Used in meteorology

FLYING MACHINE
also known as the
"ornithopter
inspired by the flight of winged
animals (specially bats)
Leonardo got the idea looking
at a kite when he was
young

PARACHUTE

He drew the canopy

triangular leading
many to question
whether it would
actually have
enough air
first actual helicopter wasnt
resistance
built until the 1940s

HELICOPTER
(propeller)

made of linen and wire

the said screw wouldl make
its spiral in the air and
rise high.
designed to compress air to
obtain flight

In 2000 Adrian Nichols

constructed a
prototype based on
Da Vincis design
and
tested it.
(the one we have
today)

ARMOURED CAR

WAR MACHINES

capable of moving in any direction and was

equipped with a large number of weapons.
most famous of da Vincis war machines
designed to intimidate and scatter an opposing
army

GIANT CROSSBOW
Da Vinci understood that the fear weapons could
instill in enemies was just as important than
the damage they could actually inflict. (this
theory inspired the design of many of his
weapons)
Leonardos crossbow instead seems to be designed
to fire large stones or possibly flaming bombs.

Inspired by a turtle shell

Leonardo suggested in his notes the thought of
using horses for power (but were rejected
because animals are unpredictable)
Scholars found a basic engineering flaw in the
machine and suggested that, pacifist at heart,
Da Vinci might have sabotaged his own design
to discourage the war machine from every
being built.

a soldier spins a crank to pull back the bow and

load the artillery. And then knock out a holding
pin and fire the weapon.

ARCHITECT INNOVATIONS
COLOSSUS
Duke of Milan commissioned da
Vinci to build the largest
horse statue in the world.

CLOCK
Leonardos clock had
two separate
mechanisms: one
for minutes and
one for hours.
.The clock also has a
dial for keeping
track of moon
phases
He also included
details like
diamonds and
rocks.

24-foot bronze statue with 80

tons of bronze
He had to invent and oven, some
canons and molds
Unfortunately, King Charles
invaded France and to hold
off the french army, the Duke
offered a bribe of Leonardos
bronze
The project was cancelled and
leonardo said: "I will speak of
the horse no more."
In 1977, Charles Dent decided to

WATER AND LAND MACHINES

SCUBA GEAR
da Vinci designed his scuba gear for sneak
attacks on enemy ships from underwater
while working on Venice.

REVOLVING BRIDGE
Designed for Duke Sforza
could be quickly packed up and transported for

Air was provided from the opening of the tubes

to the diver below
It was equipped with a valve-operated balloon
that could be inflated or deflated and a
pouch for the diver to urinate in.

use by armies on the move to pass over

bodies of water.
bridge would swing across a stream or moat
and set down on the other side
Many other bridges were designed for Duke
Sforza by Leonardo

PROPELLER
COPTER)

Leonardo da Vincis helicopter is a world renowned example of his ability

to think centuries ahead of his time.

PROPELLER INVENTION
Leonardo was
inspired when
studying or
examining the seeds
of the Maple Tree as
a kid. It is likely that
he imagined if it
would be possible
for the seed to rise if
it was spun instead
of spinning as it fell.
He could also have
been inspired by
Archimedes Screw.

Leonardo invented the

propeller in 1493, and it
was 450 years earlier
than an actual helicopter
would take to the air
It is the first known drawing
of any helicopter-like
machine. (engines had
not been invented yet
and humans have
nowhere near the power
to weight ratio required
for them to produce
enough energy to lift
themselves against the
force of gravity.

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PROPELLER

The main blade was 2 meters
in diameter and the
structure would be held
together by reeds.
It was designed to work by
having two men standing
in the central circular
platform. Each man would
take hold of a wooden
shaft and walk around the
central shaft. This would
rotate the blades of the
helicopter and supposedly
produce flight.

PARTS OF THE PROPELLER

2 MAIN PARTS
HELICAL ROTOR
On a structure of reeds and
wood, it is coupled spiral fabric
that has been starched linen to
cover her pores. The outer
edge of the spiral is reinforced
with a metallic edge .
The central mast carries fixed
four bars , the crew would
have to push to keep the rotor
spinning.

FIXED DISC BELOW THE

ROTOR
This disc serves for the crew
walking on it while pushing
the rotor bars , getting it to
rotate with respect to the
base .

SUCCESS OF THE PROPELLER

It had some limitations that did not
allow the propeller work:
To raise the weight of the structure it
had not been enough to force four
men. A powerful modern engine
had been necessary .
Leonardo also had in mind that at the
time of rise from the ground , the
fixed disk of the base begin to
rotate in the opposite direction to
the rotor . He would have needed
his helicopter tail rotor, (as
modern helicopters) to prevent
rotation of the base.

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