Introduction to

Pharmacy Practice
Dr.Izzatullah Khan

Pharmacy Practice
Definition
The applications of knowledge and skills
of pharmacists, and the infrastructure of
pharmacy, to meeting the health needs of
the population. This should be performed
in a manner which is equitable effective,
efficient, appropriate, acceptable and
relevant, and which sustainable in
commercial and other contexts in which
pharmacy is practised

Evaluation of Pharmacy
Practice
Pharmacy practice has evolved over the past 50 years.
Hepler and Strand in 1989 proposed the three major stages of
pharmacy development
A. Traditional Pharmacy Practice (Drug distribution or
product oriented)
Drug procurement, Drug inventory control, non sterile drug
production, OPD dispensing, and IPD dispensing, Alternative
medicines, e.g. herbal product, etc.
B. Clinical Pharmacy Practice (transitional or Servicesoriented practice)
DIS or MIS, Patient counselling, ADR monitoring, TDM and
pharmacokinetic consultation, Prescription monitoring or
DTM, TPN, Clinical research , Drug use evaluation(DUE) or
Clinical Audit

C. Pharmaceutical care ( Medicine

management or Patientoriented practice)
Outpatient care services, e.g.
Anticoagulation clinic
Inpatient care services with
specialisation and independent
prescribing

Factors Affecting Pharmacy

Practice
External factors
(PEST)
P- Political
E- Economical
S- Social
T- Technological

 Internal Factors

Pharmacy Education. i.e Pharm D,

MPharm, Continuing professional
development(CPD)
Pharmaceutical organization
Pharmacy manger and management
Pharmacist, Pharmacy support staff
IT in pharmacy

Pharmacy Services
Hospital Pharmacy services
Pharmacy services in secondary and
tertiary care Institution
Medicines management for inpatient
and outpatients(few cases)
Pharmacy support services. e.g.
dispensing, medicine procurement, and
inventory control,

Community Pharmacy
Services
1. Traditional pharmacy practice
Business management, Drug procurement,
Dispensing, drug compounding, selling
health care products

2. Clinical Pharmacy practice

Prescription monitoring, Health promotion and
education, e.g. Self care, self-medication,
cigraette cessation, Patient counselling. ADR
reporting, Care home services

3. Pharmaceutical care or
Medicines Management
Essential services, e.g. repeat dispensing,
Clinical governance
Advanced services, e.g. MUR, NMS
Enhanced services, e.g. Independent
prescribing