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Chapter - 2

Units &
Measureme
nts

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Some measurements in daily life

Unit
Basic
Arbitrarily

chosen
International accepted
Reference standard

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Measurement of a Physical
Quantity

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Fundamental units
Derived Units

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International system of units

CGS
Centimetre, gram, second
FPS
Foot, pound, second
MKS
Metre, kilogram, second

Mostly internationally accepted

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Radian
&
Steradia
n

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Measurement of Length

Length from 10-3 m to 102

m

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Parallax method

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Dimensions

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Dimensions of Physical quantities

Nature

of physical quantities are

described by its dimensions.
7 fundamental dimensions
Derived quantities are
combinations of 7 fundamental
dimensions.

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Representation of Dimensions
Square

bracket

[ ]

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FUNDAMENTAL
DIMENSIONS

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What is my
dimension??

LENGTH

[L]

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Mas
s

[M]

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Time

[T]

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Temperatu
re

[K]

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Electric
Current

[A]

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Luminous
Intensity

[cd]

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Amount of
substance

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[mol]

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DERIVED
DIMENSIONS

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Volume
Height = [L]
Width = [L]
Length = [L]

Volume = [L] x [L] x [L] = [L]3

[M0 L3 T0]

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Velocity
[M L T ]
0

-1

Distance = [L]
Time = [T]
Velocity = [L1] x [T -1]

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Mass = [M]
Volume = [L]3
Density = [M] x [L]-3