COMPRESSION TEST

MATERIAL TESTING

COMPRESSION TEST
This test are used to determine how a product or
material reacts when it is compressed, squashed,
crushed or flattened by measuring fundamental
parameters that determine the specimen behavior
under a compressive load.

Compression Testing Procedure

During a typical compression test, data are collected regarding the
applied load, resultant deformation or deflection, and condition of the
specimen. For brittle materials, the compressive strength is relatively
easy to obtain, showing marked failure. However, for ductile
materials, the compressive strength is generally based on an arbitrary
deformation value. Ductile materials do not exhibit the sudden
fractures that brittle materials present. They tend to buckle and
"barrel out".

BARRELING OF A SAMPLE
UNDER COMPRESSIVE LOADS

Types of Compression Testing

Flexure/Bend
Spring Testing
Top-load/Crush
Compressive Shear
Compressive Burst

Flexure Testing
Flexure/bend testing is also known as transverse
testing or modulus of rupture testing. It is a way of
determining the flexural strength, or how something
will react, when it is being bent. This is done by
supporting the specimen at given points along its
length and applying an axial compressive load evenly
at one or more points.

Flexure Testing

Spring Testing
If a spring is consistently to do the job it was
designed for, it must, within acceptable tolerances,
exert the required force over its range of use, and
over extended time in use. Only rigorous testing
can ensure this quality, but since springs are so
complex and varied, so are the means of testing.

Spring Testing

Top-load/Crush
Top-load and crush resistance testing
reduces the risk of containers deforming
or failing when subject to forces during
filling, closure, storage and transport.

Top-load/Crush

Compressive Shear
Compressive shear testing is simply the pushing
apart of a material sample along a plane parallel
to, and between, opposing forces. Typically it is
used to test adhesive bonds, where it is the
compressive equivalent of a tensile lap shear
test, or the internal strength of a material that is
designed to bear shear forces.

Compressive Shear

Compressive Burst
The integrity of a fluid or gas-filled container can be
tested in terms of its propensity to burst. This may
involve material failure (e.g. splitting), closure failure, or
seal/seam failure.There is a variety of test methods
involving inflationary burst, including sensitive gaseous
leak detection, but a realistic option involves simply
compressing a filled container using a standard radius
cylindrical compression fixture or flat plate.

Compressive Burst

Benefits of Compression Testing

Compression testing provides data on the
integrity and safety of materials, components and
products, helping manufacturers ensure that their
finished products are fit-for-purpose and
manufactured to the highest quality.

The data produced in a compression test

can be used in many ways including:
To determine batch quality
To determine consistency in manufacture
To aid in the design process
To reduce material costs and achieve lean
manufacturing goals
To ensure compliance with international and industry
standards

Applications of Compression Testing

Aerospace and Automotive Industry

Applications of Compression Testing

Construction Industry

Applications of Compression Testing

Cosmetics Industry

Applications of Compression Testing

Electrical and Electronic Industry

Applications of Compression Testing

Medical Device Industry

Applications of Compression Testing

Packaging Industry

Applications of Compression Testing

Paper and Board Industry

Applications of Compression Testing

Plastics, Rubber and Elastomers

Industry

Applications of Compression Testing

Pharmaceutical Industry

Applications of Compression Testing

Safety, Health, Fitness and Leisure

Industry

References:
http://www.mecmesin.com/compression
http://www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=5550#1

MATERIALS
ENGINEERING
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
SEPTEMBER 2016