Study of transformers

and testing
SR ENGINEERING COLLEGE
Prepared by:
B. Naresh
(13k41a0277)
B. Ruchitha rao (13k41a0279)
B. Aravind
(13k41a0281)
B. Mayuri
(13k41a0282)
G. Vamshitha
(13k41a0295)

ABOUT RSTPS:
National Thermal Power Corporation is well

known as NTPC, which is engaged in business

of generating electricity and ranked 424
globally.
NTPC Ramagundam, is a part of National
thermal power corporation established in
1975.
RSTPS is a 2600mw power station, which is
situated in Ramagundam, Karimnagar district.

Stage wise power generation

Stage wise power generation:
Stage 1(600MW):
Stage 1 consists of 3 units (unit-1,2,3).
Each unit generation capacity is 200MW.
Stage 2(1500MW):
It consists of units-4,5,6.
Each unit generation capacity is 500MW.
Stage 3(500MW):
It has only one unit(unit-7).
Capacity of unit 7 is 500MW.

Power Transformers
Transformer is a device that transfers electrical energy from

one electrical circuit to another electrical circuit through

magnetic medium at constant frequency. A Transformer
works on the principle of Electromagnetic induction.
Power transformers are the most significant components in

power transmission systems. They are used to step down

and step up the voltage as per the requirement.
Transformers undergo faults due to some reasons. The faults

may be due to lightening stroke or may be others. To avoid

the faults different tests are conducted on transformers.

Different transformers used in

power system
1. Generation Transformers.
2. Unit auxillary Transformers.
3. Station service Transformer.

Generation transformer:
This transformer is connected after the generator to

step up the voltage from 11kv to 400kv.

Rating of transformers is always nearly equal to rating
of generator.

Unit auxillary transformer:

In the process of generating electricity power plants

consume a small percentage of power, so generated

power is step down to 6.6kv through unit auxillary
transformers for maintanence.

Station service transformer:

station service transformer is used for supplying

power to auxiliary equipment in the power plant when

the plant is not generating any power.

Switchyard equipment
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Circuit breaker.
Isolator.
Earth switch.
Bus bar
Lightning arrester
Current transformer(CT)
Capacitive voltage transformer(CVT)
Wave trapper

Transformers testing
Transformers play an important role in the

power system. Any electrical component may

become failure in the case of transformer
failure is very rare.
To avoid these faults many tests are

conducted on the transformers

Various types of test in transformer:

Oil test
Voltage ratio test
Winding resistance measurement test
No load and magnetizing current
measurement
5. Oil leakage test
6. Ratio and polarity test
7. Temperature rise test.
1.
2.
3.
4.

Oil testing
Transformer mainly serves two purposes:
a) Insulation of power transformer
b) It dissipates heat from the transformer
) Transformer oil efficiency reduces after

usage of many days. The efficiency of a

transformer oil can be determined by oil
test.

Oil test procedure

BDV - A Sample of oil has to be taken from the

sampling valve of the transformer under test.

The oil has to be put in the BDV container & the
distance between the 2 electrodes must be set
to 2.5 mm.
PPM - A Sample of oil has to be taken from the
sampling valve of the transformer under test.
Mistubishi Moisturemeter is used to
measurement water content in oil. It uses the
Carl Fischer titration method. 1 ml of oil has to
be injected in the meter.

Procedure for voltage ratio test

The voltage ratio test is done phase by phase between

the pairs of windings.

Ratio is measured by using a ratio meter. 1- low
voltage supply is given to HV windings with respective
polarity from ratio meter & voltage induced on the
corresponding phase of other winding (i.e. low voltage
winding) is brought to ratio meter. Ratio meter directly
indicates the ratio of the particular tap connected.
Similarly ratio is checked at all taps & all the phases.
Measurement shall be done at principle tapping for all
three phases in case of polyphase transformer. During
ratio measurement phase angle error & correctness of
polarity is also checked.

Procedure for winding resistance

test
The average oil temperature is taken as the

mean of the top and bottom oil temperature.

The difference in temperature between the
top and bottom oil shall be small. The
resistances between all pairs of phase
terminals of each transformer winding are
measured using Digital Micro-ohm meter
(resistance meter). The measurement is
performed for each connectable winding and
for each tapping connection.

Procedure for no load and magnetizing

current measurements
The No load loss and no load current shall be

measured on one of the windings at rated frequency

and at a voltage corresponding to rated voltage since
the test is performed on the principal tapping. The
remaining winding or windings shall be left open
circuited and any windings can be connected in open
delta shall have delta closed.
A symmetrical and sinusoidal voltage is applied across
the terminals and adjusted according to a voltmeter
responsive to mean value of the voltage but scaled to
read rms voltage of a sinusoidal wave having the
same mean value. The reading of this voltmeter is U.

Procedure for oil leakage

test
All oil-filled compartments shall be tested for

oil tightness by completely filling oil of a

viscosity not greater than that of insulating oil
conforming at ambient temperature and
applying a pressure as per design and
specification measured at the base of the
tank.
This pressure shall be maintained for a period
of not less than 12hrs for oil, during which
time no leakage shall occur.

Procedure for temperature rise test

Idi procedure peddaga undi chadvi petu

Procedure for ratio and polarity test

Idi chinnaga unnadi google la vethki type

cheyandi

THANK YOU