Form 3 Science Folio :

B6D6E1 - The natural fuel resources

and its importances
Name : Soh Keng Ying
Chua Kah Liang
Daniel Tan Zi Xuen
Lee Hao Hui
Wan Xin Zu
Form : 3 Pintar
Teacher's Name : Mdm. Lee Lim
Shuen

Petroleum

Petroleum

Characteristics of
Petroleum Fractions
Fuel gas
-- easily liquefied
-- highly flammable
-- explosive
-- has the lowest boiling point in the process
-- the lightest fraction
-- colourless
-- in gaseous state
Gasoline/Petrol
-- easily vapourised
-- highly flammable
-- easily ignited
Naphtha
-- complexed substance from gasoline/petrol

Paraffin, kerosene
-- less volatile than petrol
-- less flammable
Diesel oil, Gas oil
-- less volatile than petrol
-- denser than normal petrol
Fuel oil, lubricating oil
-- not easily evaporated
-- not very flammable
-- safe to store
Bitumen
-- in solid state
-- inactive to heat
-- the heaviest and most dense fraction
-- waterproof
-- adhesive and sticky

Uses of Petroleum Fractions

Names of
Characteristics of petroleum fractions
petroleum
fractions
Fuel Gas(1-2% in , portable energy source e.g. bottled gas for cooking (butane), higher pressure
crude oil)
cylinders (propane), feedstock for other organic chemicals
Gasoline/Petrol car fuel, petrol
Naphtha(20-40% molecules breaked into simpler molecules to make petrol, used in the bitumen
in crude oil) mining industry as a diluent, the petrochemical industry for producing olefins in
steam crackers, and the chemical industry for solvent (cleaning) applications
Paraffin,
domestic heating fuel (paraffin), aircraft jet fuel (kerosene), as a hydrocarbon to
kerosene(10-15% light up fire
in crude oil)
Diesel oil, Gas central heating fuel, to make more petrol and alkenes, petrol used in large and
oil( 15-20% in heavy vehicles
crude oil)
Fuel oil,
liquid fuel oil for power stations and ships, as lubricants, low melting solids,
lubricating oil, polishes, candle wax and clear waxes
waxes
Bitumen
low melting solid used on roads as it forms a thick, black, tough and resistant
adhesive surface on cooling, used as a roofing waterproofing material

Contributions of Fossil
Fuels to Malaysia's
Economy
A valuable material in the worldwide market
Provide jobs and occupations
Provide tax incomes to our government

Ways to Optimise
the Usage of Fossil
Fuels
Discover other replacement fuels
Take measures
Do not waste electricity