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Chain of Custody Certification

PEFC
Awareness Seminar

Programme

PEFC History and Objectives


The chain of custody process
Standard - PEFC-ST-2002-2013
Use of trademarks
Audit findings (typical non-conformities)

Global Forestry- the issues

Illegal logging
Change of land use - bio-fuels
Soil destabilisation
Government Corruption
Human / Civil rights violations
Impact on bio-diversity

Unsustainable logging a fast buck


1 football pitch of forest is lost every 2 seconds
over half of this forest loss is due to illegal
logging
most commercial tropical tree species are at
risk of extinction

And again.......

Therefore. Why use wood ?!


The only renewable and sustainable
source of wood.
High strength to weight ratio
Low energy cost in production
Ideally suited to off-site manufacture
The only truly renewable carbon neutral
material

So what is the forest industry doing about


sustainability?
Forest Management Certification
Supply Chain (Chain of custody)
certification
2 Organisations:
Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)
Programme for the Endorsement of Forest
Certification (PEFC)

About FSC
The Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) is an
independent, not for profit, non-government
organization established to support
environmentally appropriate, socially beneficial,
and economically viable management of the
worlds forests.
FSCs vision is where the worlds forests meet the
social, ecological, and economic rights and needs
of the
present generation without compromising those
of future generations.

FSC Facts

27,000+ certificates world-wide


187 million hectares certified
Policy and Standards
Accreditation (ASI)
Support of WWF / Greenpeace
Income
Membership
Accreditation
Donations

Programme for the Endorsement of


Forest Certification

Background to PEFC
Formed in 1999
Direct competitor to FSC
Created out of concerns about FSC
motives and objectives and influence of
environmental pressure groups
Started in Europe, now international
Finland: 100% PEFC

Programme for the Endorsement of Forest


Certification

Based in Geneva

Low Brand Awareness in UK

253 million hectares certified

15,900 + COC Certificates

International Network of Forest Certification


Schemes- Europe, USA, Canada, Australia,
Malaysia.

Lacks broad support of Environmental


NGOs

Forest Management Certification


The Process:
Certification of the forest
Certification of the supply chain (chain
of custody)

Forest management certification - the


principles
Long-term Management Plan
Ownership
Compliance with Laws
Right of Tenure / Access
Protection of Peoples rights
Felling and replanting
Forest design - Species mix, Landscape,
Open Space, Water
Acknowledgement of bio-diversity
Stakeholder Consultation

Market Drivers
UAE Government Green initiatives and
regulations
Housing Associations Code for
Sustainable Homes / Ecohomes
Retailers
Customer Requirements

Certification - The Process


Forest Management certification
Chain of custody certification
PEFC-ST-2002-2013
www.pefc.org

Chain Of Custody Certification


The label delivers the message:
This product has been made with timber
based materials (pulp) from well-managed
forests - and we can prove it!

The Supply Chain

PAPER MILL

Certified
Forest
Forest
Management
certificate

Certified
Logs
Chain of
Custody
certificate

Log Mill
Chain of
Custody
certificate

Product
factory
Chain of
Custody
certificate

MERCHAN
T

Timber
importer
Chain of
Custody
certificate

PRINTER

CONSUME
R

Joiner
Chain of
Custody
certificate

The Key Indicator


Ownership:
If you take title to the goods you are
potentially in scope of chain of custody
certification - even if you dont take
physical possession of the goods.

Non registered suppliers - the problems


No independent verification of claims
Chain is broken
No further claims can be made

Certification - the basic requirements


Procedures based on critical control
points
Scope of certification (operations,
products)
Staff training
Records- stock, purchase, sales, training
ISO 9001 helpful but not essential

Critical Control Points (CCPs)


Need to identify all critical control points in the
process where there is a possibility of mixing
certified and uncertified material.
Purchase of Materials
Goods inwards and storage
Production/ Manufacture/ Processing
Volume control
Finished goods
Sales
Training
Document control
The management control is through a
combination of product identification and
documentation

Purchasing
Ensure the supplier has chain of custody
Re-check at least once per year
Ensure that all purchase orders /
contracts specify certification - clear
lines of communication
Maintain approved suppliers file

Goods Inwards Inspection


Check suppliers delivery note for
description of the goods as certified
Product labelling
suppliers chain of custody registration
number
any percentage /credit claims as
appropriate
Match to purchase order and suppliers
invoice.

Raw material storage


Certified raw material may be
identifiable by:
Segregation / location
Labelling / marking
Product Type

Manufacturing / Processing
Certified material must be identifiable
from stock selection to finished goods
Key manufacturing document: internal
works order, job card, routing card etc.

Finished Goods
Identification of finished goods
Use and control of on-product labelling
Approval for use of labels

Sales and Distribution


Information on delivery notes and sales
invoices:
Correct certified claim
Your chain of custody registration
number
Percentage /credit claims if
appropriate
Clear and unambiguous

Training
Identification of training needs
Select training format (Group, one-toone)
Deliver and record training
Continuously Monitor / Review
New Starts (Induction Training)
Verification by certification body

Document Control
Procedures - text, process flow charts,
work instructions
Management system
Records:
Suppliers / DDS
purchase orders, delivery notes, purchase
invoices
stock records
Production records (Internal works orders)
Sales Invoices, Delivery notes
Training
All retained for 5 years

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST


2002:2013,
PEFC INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
Requirements for PEFC scheme users
Chain of Custody of Forest Based Products
Requirements

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


The PEFC Council (the Programme
for the Endorsement of Forest
Certification schemes) is the
worldwide organisation promoting
sustainable forest management
through forest certification and
labelling of forest based products.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013

Chain of custody requirements describe a


process of how to get from the
information about the origin associated
with the procured raw material to the
information about the origin which is
attached to the organisations products.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


Certified material
Raw material which is covered by the chain of
custody claims.
Certified product
Product which is claimed as including certified material
whose content is verified by chain of custody.
Controlled sources
Material for which the risk of originating from
controversial sources has been minimized through the
implementation of the PEFC Due Diligence System.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013

Conflict timber
Timber that has been traded at some point in the
chain of custody by armed groups, be they rebel
factions or regular soldiers, or by a civilian
administration involved in armed conflict or its
representatives, either to perpetuate conflict or take
advantage of conflict situations for personal gain...
conflict timber is not necessarily illegal or the
exploitation of timber may itself be a direct cause of
conflict.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


Controversial sources
Forest activities which are:
(a) not complying with local, national or international legislation, applying
to forest related activities, in particular in the following areas:
(-) forestry operations and harvesting, including biodiversity conservation
and conversion of forest to other use
(-) management of areas with designated high environmental and cultural
values,
(-) protected and endangered species, including requirements of CITES,
(-) health and labour issues relating to forest workers,
(-) indigenous peoples property, tenure and use rights,
(-) third parties property, tenure and use rights,

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


Controversial sources CONT..
- (b) not complying with legislation of the country of
harvest relating to trade and customs, in so far as
the forest sector is concerned,
(c) utilising genetically modified forest based
organisms,
(d) converting forest to other vegetation type,
including conversion of primary forests to forest
plantations.
Note: The policy on the exclusion of material from
genetically modified forest based organisms remains

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


Due Diligence System (DDS)
A framework of procedures and measures, namely
information gathering, risk assessment and risk
mitigation, to exercise due diligence.
Forest based material
Raw material originating in forest areas or from
other areas recognised by the PEFC Council as
eligible for PEFC forest management certification,
including recycled material originally coming from
those areas.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


Material Category
Neutral material
Material which is not forest-based and is therefore
considered as neutral in the calculation of the
certification percentage.
Other material
Forest based material other than certified material.
Certified material
Raw material which is covered by the chain of
custody claims.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


Due Diligence System (DDS)
A framework of procedures and measures, namely
information gathering, risk assessment and risk
mitigation, to exercise due diligence.
The organisation shall operate a Due Diligence
System (DDS),
Which is based on risk management techniques to
minimise the risk that the procured material
originates in controversial sources.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


The organisation shall implement the PEFC DDS in
three steps relating to:
(a) gathering information,
(b) risk assessment and
(c) management of significant risk supplies.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013

This standard specifies two optional


approaches for chain of custody,
namely :
the physical separation method
percentage based method

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


PHYSICAL SEPERATION METHOD :
General Requirements-

Certified material / product not mixed


with other material / products
Ensure that certified material is
separated or clearly identifiable at all
stages of production or trading process
Applicable to certified products with
various content of certified material

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


PHYSICAL SEPERATION METHOD (contd.)
Identification of the origin of certified material
products at delivery level a document
associated with each delivery of certified
matl./prod. shall include at least the following
information :

The organizations name as customer of the delivery,


Supplier identification,
Product identification,
Qty. of delivery for each product covered by the
documentation,
Date of delivery
Claim for each certified product,
Suppliers chain of chain of custody certificate

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


PHYSICAL SEPERATION METHOD (contd.)
Separation of certified material products :
Certified matl./prods. with different content of certified
matl. shall remain clearly identifiable throughout the
whole production / trading process including storage,
achieved by
Physical separation in terms of production & storage
space,
Physical separation in terms of time,
Clear identification of the certified material / products
during the process.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


PHYSICAL SEPERATION METHOD (contd.)
Documentation associated with sold/transferred
products :
At the point of sale of certified product to customer, the
organization shall provide the customer with a copy of
the COC certificate,
Inform the customers about any change in scope,
Identify a single type of document associated with the
delivery of all sold products
Document with claim shall be issued to a single
customer
Keep copies of the documents,
Ensure that information contained within those copies
cannot be altered after the originals are delivered to the
customer.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


PERCENTAGE BASED METHOD
General requirements
The percentage based method of the chain of custody
applies to organisations that are mixing certified
material/products with other material categories.
The organisation shall implement the requirements for
the chain of custody process of this standard for the
specific product group.
The product group shall be associated with (i) a single
product type or (ii) a group of products, which consist of
the same or similar input material .

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


PERCENTAGE BASED METHOD (contd.)
General requirements ( contd.)
The material entering the group of products shall have
the same measurement unit or units that are
transferable to the same measurement unit.
The product group shall be associated with products
which have been produced or manufactured by the
organisation at one production site.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013

PERCENTAGE BASED METHOD (contd.)


Identification at delivery level :
The document associated with each delivery of
material shall include at least the following
information:
the organisations identification as the customer of the
delivery,
suppliers identification,
product(s) identification,
quantity of delivery for each product covered by the
documentation,
date of delivery / delivery period / accounting period,

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


PERCENTAGE BASED METHOD (contd.)
Identification at supplier level :
The organisation shall require from all suppliers of the
certified material, a copy of or access to a copy of the
forest management or chain of custody certificate or
other document confirming the suppliers certified
status, which proves that the criteria set for the supplier
of the certified material have been met.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


PERCENTAGE BASED METHOD (contd.)
Calculation of the certification percentage
The organisation shall calculate the certification
percentage separately for each product group and for a
specific claim period according to the following formula:

Pc [%] =( Vc / Vc + Vo ) X 100
Pc - Certification percentage
Vc - Volume of certified material
Vo - Volume of other material

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


PERCENTAGE BASED METHOD (contd.)
The organisation shall calculate the
certification percentage based on a single
measurement unit used for all raw material
covered by the calculation
If the procured product includes only a
proportion of certified material, then only the
quantity corresponding to the percentage
claimed by the supplier shall enter the
calculation formula as certified material. The
rest of material shall enter the calculation as
other material.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


PERCENTAGE BASED METHOD (contd.)
The organisation shall calculate the
certification percentage either as:
(a) simple percentage or
(b) rolling percentage.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


PERCENTAGE BASED METHOD (contd.)
SIMPLE PERCENTAGE
The organization applying the simple
percentage calculation shall calculate the
certification percentage based on material
physically included in the specific products of
the product group for which the percentage is
calculated.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


PERCENTAGE BASED METHOD (contd.)
Rolling percentage
The organization applying rolling percentage shall
calculate the certification percentage for the specific
product group and claim period based on material
procured in the specified material input period
preceding the claim period. The claim period, in the
case of rolling percentage, shall not exceed 3 months
and the material input period shall not exceed 12
months.
Example: The organization which has chosen 3 months
claim period and 12 months material input period will
calculate the rolling percentage for the coming three
months from the quantity of material procured in the
previous 12 months.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


PERCENTAGE BASED METHOD (contd.)
TRANSFER OF CALCULATED PERCENTAGE TO OUT PUTS Average percentage methods
Volume credit method

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


PERCENTAGE BASED METHOD (contd.)
TRANSFER OF CALCULATED PERCENTAGE
TO OUT PUTSAverage percentage method :
The organization applying average
percentage method shall use the
calculated certification percentage for
all the products covered by the product
group for which the calculation has
been made.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


PERCENTAGE BASED METHOD (contd.)
TRANSFER OF CALCULATED PERCENTAGE TO
OUT PUTS-

Volume credit method


The organisation shall calculate the
volume credits using either :
1. certification percentage and volume of
output products or
2. input material and input/output ratio

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


PERCENTAGE BASED METHOD (contd.)
TRANSFER OF CALCULATED PERCENTAGE TO OUT PUTS -

Volume credit method


1.Certification percentage and volume of
output products - The organization applying the
certification percentage shall calculate the volume
credits by multiplying the volume of output products of
the claim period by the certified percentage for the
relevant claim period.
EX :If the certified percentage for the product group of the specific
claim period, which consists of 100 tonnes of output products, is 54
%, the organization achieves volume credits equal to 54 tonnes
(100*0.54) of the output products.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


PERCENTAGE BASED METHOD (contd.)
TRANSFER OF CALCULATED PERCENTAGE TO OUT PUTS -

Volume credit method


2.Input material and input/output ratio - The
organization that can demonstrate a verifiable ratio
between the input material and output products, may
calculate the volume credits directly from input certified
material by multiplying the volume of input certified
material by the input/output ratio.
EX : If the volume of input certified material is 70 m3 (e.g. 100 m3
with claim 70 % PEFC certified) and input/output ratio is 0.60 (e.g. 1
m3of round wood results in 0.60 m3 of sawn wood), the organization
achieves volume credits equal to 42 m3 of sawn wood

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


Documentation associated with
sold/transferred products - the
document associated with each delivery of all
certified products shall include at least the
following information :
Customer identification
Supplier identification
Product identification
Qty.of delivery for each product covered by the
documentation
Date of delivery
Claim specifically for each certified product covered by
the document

Suppliers chain of custody certificate copy .

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


Usage of logos and labels
The organization which uses a logo or
label, for on-product and/or off-product
purposes, relating to the chain of
custody certification, shall have an
authorization from the logo/labels
trademark owner or from the owners
authorized representative and the
usage shall be carried out according to
the terms and conditions of the
authorization

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


Minimum management system
requirements
The organization shall operate a management system in accordance
with the following elements of this standard, which ensure correct
implementation, and maintenance of the chain of custody process(es).
The management system shall be appropriate to the type, range and
volume of work performed
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Responsibilities and authorities


Documented procedures
Record keeping
Resource management
Inspection and control
Complaints
Subcontracting

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


Management system requirements (contd.)
Responsibilities and authorities

The organizations management shall define and document its


commitment to implement and maintain the chain of custody
requirements in accordance with this standard. The
organizations commitment shall be made available to the
organizations personnel, suppliers, customers, and other
interested parties.
The organizations management shall appoint a member of
the management who, irrespective of other responsibilities,
shall have overall responsibility and authority for the
organizations chain of custody.
The organizations management shall carry out a regular
periodic review of the organizations chain of custody and its
compliance with the requirements of this standard.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


The organisation shall identify the personnel performing
activities for the implementation and maintenance of chain of
custody and shall establish personnel responsibilities and
authorities relating to chain of custody for at least the
following elements:
(a) raw material procurement and identification of the origin,
(b) product processing covering physical separation or
percentage calculation and transfer into output products,
(c) product sale and labelling,
(d) record keeping,
(e) internal audits and non-conformity control,
(f) due diligence system relating to controversial sources.
Note: The responsibilities and authorities for the chain of
custody given above can be cumulative.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


2. Documented procedures

The organisation shall establish The organisation shall


establish written documented procedures for its chain of
custody. The documented procedures shall include at least the
following elements:
organisational structure, responsibilities and authorities
relating to chain of custody,
description of the raw material flow within the
production/trading process(es), including definition of product
groups,
procedures for chain of custody process covering all
requirements of this standard, including:
identification of the raw material origin,
physical separation of certified material (for the organisations
applying the physical separation),

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013

2. Documented procedures (contd.)


definition of product groups, calculation of the certified
percentage, calculation of volume credits, management
of credit accounts (for the organisations applying
percentage based methods),
sale/transfer of products, on-products claims and onproduct labelling,
procedures for the due diligence system relating to
controversial sources, as applicable,
procedures for internal audits,
procedures for complaints resolution.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


3. Record keeping
The organisation shall establish and
maintain records on its chain of custody
to provide evidence of conformity with
the requirements of this standard and
its effectiveness and efficiency.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2010


4a. Resource management
The organisation shall ensure and
demonstrate that all personnel
performing activities affecting the
implementation and maintenance of the
chain of custody are competent on the
basis of appropriate training, education,
skills and experience

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2010


4b. Technical facilities
The organization shall identify, provide
and maintain the infrastructure and
technical facilities needed for effective
implementation and maintenance of the
organizations chain of custody with the
requirements of this standard.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2010


5. Inspection and control
The organisation shall conduct internal
audits at least annually covering all
requirements of this standard and
establish corrective and preventive
measures if required
A report on the internal audit shall be
reviewed at least annually.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2010


6. Complaints
The organisation shall establish
procedures for dealing with complaints
from suppliers, customers and other
parties relating to the organisations
chain of custody.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2010


7. Subcontracting
The organisations chain of custody
shall also cover activities of subcontractors involved in the
manufacturing of products covered by
the organisations chain of custody
process(es), within or outside the
organisations site.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2010


Logo Use
The PEFC logo and labels are globally trusted registered
trademarks which assist businesses, consumers, forest
owners and managers, and other stakeholders to
identify and promote merchandise and goods from
sustainably-managed forests
All entities, both certificate holders and non-certificate
holders, are required to obtain a Logo Usage License
from the PEFC Council or an authorized licensing agent
(e.g. national PEFC members or PEFC promotion
initiatives) before using the PEFC logo and label.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2010


Logo User Groups
The PEFC logo license is available to four different logo user groups:
CoC Certified Companies (PEFC Logo User Group C)
These are entities along the value chain of forest-based products that
have obtained PEFC Chain of Custody certification.
SFM Certified Forest Owners/Managers (PEFC Logo User Group B)
These are entities owning/managing forests that have obtained PEFCrecognized certification for sustainable forest management.
Non-Certified Entities (PEFC Logo User Group D)
These are entities selling certified products without the requirement to
obtain PEFC certification and others that strive to promote and
educate about PEFC certification.
Authorized Licensing Agents (PEFC Logo User Group A)
These are entities authorized to issue PEFC logo licenses on behalf of
the PEFC Council.
One-Time Users
Simplified licensing requirements are available for entities using the
logo on a one-time basis for illustrative or educational purposes (offproduct only).

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2010


Logo Use Options
Two logo use options exist:
The use of the logo physically on a certified product
and on stationary, brochures or other documentation
linked to the product ("on-product"); and
the use of the logo not linked to a product, for
instance for promotional or educational purposes ("offproduct").
Important notice: On-product use of the logo is only
available to certified entities. Any use of the PEFC logo
and label that refers to or can be perceived as
referring to a specific PEFC-certified product and/or
the origin of the raw material used in its production is
considered on-product use.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2010


Standard Labels
PEFC offers two on-product labels and
one off-product label
PEFC Certified
at least 70% of wood comes from PEFCcertified forests that meet or exceed
PEFCs Sustainability Benchmark; and
wood from controlled sources

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


PEFC Certified & Recycled
at least 70% of wood comes from PEFCcertified forests that meet or exceed PEFCs
Sustainability Benchmark and/or postconsumer recycled material; and
wood from controlled sources.
Post-consumer recycled material must meet
PEFCs requirements for chemical and nonchemical contamination. The amount of postconsumer recycled material is specified within
the recycling symbol.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


Promoting Sustainable Forest
Management
Designed for educational or promotional
purposes, this label indicates support
for sustainable forest management and
PEFC certification.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


INTERNAL AUDIT
Internal Audit Definition, Purpose, and
Benefits
Internal Audit Process / Phases
Optimization/Pitfalls
Planning
Audit Execution / Reporting
Corrective / Preventive Actions
Verification / Close-Out
Evaluation of the Audit Process

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013

AUDIT TYPES
FIRST PARTY AUDIT
organization

= A self audit done by an

SECOND PARTY AUDIT = An audit conducted by


CUSTOMER
on SUPPLIER
THIRD PARTY AUDIT
apart from self

= Any audit conducted


and Customer i.e.

Certification
body, etc.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013

Internal Audits
A Systematic and Independent Examination to
determine whether management system
activities and related results comply with planned
arrangements and whether these arrangements
are implemented effectively and are suitable to
achieve objectives.
The purpose of auditing is to collect Objective
Evidence to permit an Informed Judgment about
the status of the Management System for the
purpose of Continually Improving (and Adding
Value to) the workings of the system through
corrective and preventive action.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013

Benefits of an Internal Audit


Identify areas for improvement
Promote prevention vs.
detection
Opportunity to provide positive
feedback
Prepare for external audits

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013

STAGES OF INTERNAL AUDIT


Planning
Audit Execution / Reporting of Findings
Corrective / Preventive Actions
Verification / Close-Out of Findings
Audit Process Evaluation

DEFINITIONS & TERMS OF AUDIT, AUDIT STAGES

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


AUDIT
ISO 9000 : 2005 Defines AUDIT as :

Systematic, independent and documented process for obtaining

audit evidence and evaluating it objectively to determine the extent


to which audit criteria are fulfilled .

AUDIT SAMPLE
Samples taken from the processes being audited for
verification of conformance towards the documents
of the QMS, w.r.t. to the requirements of the standard .
Types of Samples : RESOURCES
o Processes There may be many processes of similar nature.
o People
- It is the people who implement & maintain the
o Documents - Since the documents are used in the processes,
they are considered for audit to verify
as per standard & for reference.
o Organization Structure Are they current?
o Product / Service Controls for ensuring conformity

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


Auditor Selection :
Auditor should be independent (in routine practice) of the
Process for Auditing COMPETENT TO AUDIT THAT
PROCESS.
Audit Schedule / Plan:
A Schedule to control the processes of system w.r.t.
auditor availability, auditee availability and time frame.
Audit Checklist :
A Structured issues to help auditor in auditing respective
processes and also serve as evidence of the audit. Helps :
What you want to look at..?
What you want to look for.?
Whom do you want to speak to..?
What do you want to ask..?
How do you want to ask?

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


Auditor :
Auditor is qualified person in QMS, who understands the
clauses of ISO 9001:2008 interpretations w . r. t. nature of
industry sector the audited organization belongs.
Auditee :
Auditee is the person whom the Auditor audits auditee is the
person who represents that process of the QMS being audited.
The same can be a group of persons or a single person
representing the process being/been audited.
Objective Evidence [OE] :
The sample which has been selected by auditor for verification
against desired requirements is the objective evidence if it
complies, it is OE for Compliance if it does not comply, it is
OE for Non-Compliance

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


Non-Conformance
The objective evidence or fact (output of audit process),
which does not conform to specified requirement is
Non-Compliance.
Specified requirements as per ISO 9001:2008 and / or
by the contract and /or regulatory requirements
Corrective Action
Any action taken to eliminate the root cause of the
problem & rectifying the same, can be stated as
Corrective Action.
Preventive Action :
The actions taken to solve a problem once and for all.
Preventive actions are pro active decisions based on

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


AUDIT STAGES JUDGEMENT

JUDGEMENT
THERE ARE NO STANDARDS LAID DOWN FOR ANALYSIS AND
CONCLUSIONS.
SOME TIPS :

** Facts of Nonconformance are of two types.


SYSTEM RELATED
OPERATION SPECIFIC RELATED
[ Do not tag system issues as operational issues or vice versa ]

**

All Non-Conformities & Conformities are backed by


OBJECTIVE EVIDENCES.
** Individual judgments based on inferences are not to be
considered ONLY FACTS

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


AUDIT STAGES NON CONFORMITIES

Handling Non- Conformities

Since the Judgment is based on the facts of


CONFORMITY & NON-CONFORMITY, experience states
that it is important to CLASSIFY the NonConformities.

The CLASSIFICATION of the Non-Conformities into :


MAJOR or MINOR
is a good methodology.

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


AUDIT STAGES NON CONFORMITIES

Handling Non- Conformities CONT

MINOR NON-CONFORMITY
ISOLATED LAPSE (s) IN THE DESIGNATED SYSTEM :
THOSE ISSUES WHICH ARE NOT REPEATED BUT
ISOLATED CASES DOES NOT SATISFY THE
REQUIREMENTS OF THE STANDARD OR PROCEDURE
MAJOR

NON-CONFORMITY

MAJOR LAPSE IN THE IMPLEMENTATION :


LEADING TO BREAK DOWN OF THE SYSTEM

PEFC Standard : PEFC ST 2002:2013


Report of Findings:
Report Back to the Process Audited
Provide specifics of audit findings and observations
to
the audited process.
Set up the corrective and preventive actions that
process is responsible to complete.

Report Through Management Review


Provide trends (audit schedule and resource needs,
trends in findings, trends in observations, etc.).
Allow for discussion of potential issues and
recommendations for improvement.
Engage management commitment to resolving
corrective and preventive actions, if needed.

Non-conformities - typical examples

Senior management commitment (resource)


Inadequate checking at goods inwards
Certified timber supplied by non-certified
suppliers
Incomplete or inaccurate volume control
records
Incomplete internal audit or review
Incomplete training records
Staff training and competence
Incorrect FSC claims on invoices/shipping
documents

rrpremnath@tmc-dubai.ae

Thank you for listening

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