GASTRINTESTINAL TRACT

Maj.M.Wasiullah Khan

ANTI-EMETICS

VOMITING
CENTER

Classification of Anti-emetics
1. Subtituted Benzamides

4-Serotonin receptor
Blockers Dolasetron. Ondansetron.

(blocks D2, 5-HT3 ,Agonist at 5-HT4)

Metoclopramide
Trimetho-benzamide,Domperidone
2. Phenothiazines

(D2 ,M1 ,H1 blocker)

5-Anti-histamines
Dimenhydrinate (gravitate)

Prochlorperazine

Diphenhydramine

Chlorpromazine
3. Butyrophenones

Granisetron

6. Anti-muscranic agents

(D2 blockers)
Droperidol

Haloperidol

Hyoscine (scopolamine), Dicyclomine

7-Marijuana derivatives / cannabinoids

Dronabinol, Nabilone
8. Neurokinin receptor antagonist
Aprepitant , Fosaprepitant

Classification of Purgatives
Laxatives

Laxatives are milder in action and deal

with evacuation of rectum. With use of
laxatives, there is elimination of formed
stools.
Cathartics
Cathartics are severe in action and deal
with evacuation of colon. With their use,
liquid form of stool is eliminated.
Purgatives
In between the two.

DIARRHEA
Frequent & excessive passage of
stools with accompanying loss of
water & electrolytes.
Symptoms
Consistency of stools
Treatment

ANTI-DIARRHEAL
Miscellaneous;
Opiates

Diphenoxylate

Diphenoxin

Loperamide

Adsorbents;

Kaolin

Attapulgite

Pectin

Bismuth
Subsalicylate
Bismuth
Carbonate
Octreotide
Ispaghula Husk &
Methylcellulose