TISSUES

TISSUES
Tissues are group of
cells the material
surrounding them that
together to perform a
particular function.
These are four basic
types of tissues in your
body:

Epithelial T
Connective T
Muscular T
Nervous T

EPITHELIAL TISSUE
It covers the whole
surface of the body.
Epithelial tissue that
occurs on surfaces on the
interior of the body is
known as endothelium.
Epithelial cells are packed
tightly together, with
almost no intercellular
spaces and only a small
amount of intercellular
substance.

EPITHELIAL TISSUE
HAVING THREE MAJOR
FUNCTIONS:
Selective barrier that limit or
aid the transfer of
substances into and out of
the body.
Secretary surfaces that
release the product produced
by the cell onto the surfaces.
Protective surfaces that
resists the abrasive
influences of the
environment.

Types of epithelial tissue

Epithelial tissue can be
divided into two groups
depending on the
number of layers of
which it is composes.
Epithelial tissue which is
only one cell thick is
known as simple
epithelium.
If it is two or more cells
thick such as the skin, it
is known as stratified
epithelium.

Simple epithelium
Simple Squamous
epithelium
Simple Cuboidal
Epithelium
Simple columnar
epithelium
Pseudo stratified
columnar
epithelium

Simple Squamous epithelium

Consist of a single
layer of flat cells.
They form the lining
of cavities such as
the mouth, blood
vessels, heart and
lungs and make up
the outer layers of
the skin.

Simple Cuboidal
Epithelium
As their name implies,
cuboidal cells are
roughly square or
cuboidal in shape.
Each cell has a spherical
nucleus in the center.
Cuboidal epithelium is
found in glands and in
the lining of the kidney
tubules as well as in the
ducts of the glands.

Simple columnar epithelium

The cells are elongated
and column-shaped.
The nuclei are elongated
and are usually located
near the base of the cells.
Columnar epithelium
forms the lining of the
stomach and intestines.
Some columnar cells are
specialized for sensory
reception such as in the
nose, ears and the taste
buds of the tongue.

Simple columnar
epithelium
Mainly two types:
Ciliated and non
ciliated Simple
columnar
epithelium

Ciliated Columnar
Epithelium

These are simple columnar

epithelial cells, but in
addition, they posses fine
hair-like outgrowths, cilia on
their free surfaces.
These cilia are capable of
rapid, rhythmic, wavelike
beatings in a certain
direction.
Ciliated epithelium is usually
found in the air passages like
the nose. It is also found in
the uterus and Fallopian
tubes of females.

Non ciliated Simple columnar

epithelium
Formed by two type of tissue:
microvilli and goblet cells
Microvilli are finger like
cytoplasmic projection increases
the surface are of the plasma
membrane thus increases the
absorption.
Goblet cells are modified
columnar epithelial cells found
between the columnar epithelial
cells .
They secrete mucus a
lubricating substance which
keeps the surface smooth.

Pseudo stratified columnar

epithelium
It is a type of epithelium that,
though comprising only a
single layer of cells, has its
cell nuclei positioned in a
manner suggestive of
stratified epithelia.
Ciliated pseudostratified
columnar epithelia are found
in the lines of the trachea as
well as the upper respiratory
tract.
Non-ciliated pseudostratified
columnar epithelia are located
in the membranous part of
male vas deferens.

Summary
Epithelial tissue:
Simple Squamous
epithelium
Simple Cuboidal
Epithelium
Simple columnar
epithelium
Pseudo stratified
columnar
epithelium