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    Today, in modern industrial countries, majority of people is passing away 90 % of their leisure time in closed spaces. Currently, from that point, the materials, air, climate and rest of parameters of residential buildings, directly influence the human health, productivity, and in general it may influence their quality of life. However, according to the investigations, there small numbers of objects which offer healthy and even the satisfaction of environmental life. One of the main reason for such a situation in construction sector is a fact of using materials which may directly and negatively effect the natural equilibrium due to emission of CO2. Therefore, the principal task of the construction industry and architecture in general is finding solutions to minimize the adverse impact on nature, especially the impact of CO2 emissions and the use of materials that will be safe and healthy on human life and the environment in which they live. The Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH) is faced with major problems related to the energy: lack of energy and uncertainty in energy supply, a steady rise in energy prices and energy, steady growth of consumption as thermal energy for heating buildings, and energy for cooling, especially in growth in standards and the massive application of air conditioning in building objects. Because of the fact that buildings as the largest consumers of energy have great energy and environmental impact, energy efficiency, sustainable construction and the possibility of using renewable energy sources impose themselves to be a priorities of modern construction and energy sectors, and it is necessary that Bosnia and Herzegovina implement these requirements in its own legislation. Hence, due to the increasing interest in ecology and environmental protection as well as energy saving in the focus of this thesis is a natural agricultural material straw or straw bale and this material on a daily basis becomes more and more interesting material in the building sector. Annually, over the whole world the tremendous amount of straw bales is being produced, which are, very frequently, were being burnt on lands. Hence, it represents great ecological issues. For example, Great Brittain, annually, is producing 4 millions tones of straw bales, which could be installed and constructed amazingly 450.000 houses in approximate. Also, due to specific technology way of constructing, people without or with less experience in construction, can easily participate in design and constructing of object. In that way, the costs related to labor force needed to perform constructional works, will be significantly reduced. Most important factor is a saving the long-range of decreasing of costs in terms of heating, owing to incredible attribute and property of thermo-isolation of straw.

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    Today, in modern industrial countries, majority of people is passing away 90 % of their leisure time in closed spaces. Currently, from that point, the materials, air, climate and rest of parameters of residential buildings, directly influence the human health, productivity, and in general it may influence their quality of life. However, according to the investigations, there small numbers of objects which offer healthy and even the satisfaction of environmental life. One of the main reason for such a situation in construction sector is a fact of using materials which may directly and negatively effect the natural equilibrium due to emission of CO2. Therefore, the principal task of the construction industry and architecture in general is finding solutions to minimize the adverse impact on nature, especially the impact of CO2 emissions and the use of materials that will be safe and healthy on human life and the environment in which they live. The Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH) is faced with major problems related to the energy: lack of energy and uncertainty in energy supply, a steady rise in energy prices and energy, steady growth of consumption as thermal energy for heating buildings, and energy for cooling, especially in growth in standards and the massive application of air conditioning in building objects. Because of the fact that buildings as the largest consumers of energy have great energy and environmental impact, energy efficiency, sustainable construction and the possibility of using renewable energy sources impose themselves to be a priorities of modern construction and energy sectors, and it is necessary that Bosnia and Herzegovina implement these requirements in its own legislation. Hence, due to the increasing interest in ecology and environmental protection as well as energy saving in the focus of this thesis is a natural agricultural material straw or straw bale and this material on a daily basis becomes more and more interesting material in the building sector. Annually, over the whole world the tremendous amount of straw bales is being produced, which are, very frequently, were being burnt on lands. Hence, it represents great ecological issues. For example, Great Brittain, annually, is producing 4 millions tones of straw bales, which could be installed and constructed amazingly 450.000 houses in approximate. Also, due to specific technology way of constructing, people without or with less experience in construction, can easily participate in design and constructing of object. In that way, the costs related to labor force needed to perform constructional works, will be significantly reduced. Most important factor is a saving the long-range of decreasing of costs in terms of heating, owing to incredible attribute and property of thermo-isolation of straw.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    39 views49 pages

    Straw Bale Presentation

    Uploaded by

    ado080992aod
    Today, in modern industrial countries, majority of people is passing away 90 % of their leisure time in closed spaces. Currently, from that point, the materials, air, climate and rest of parameters of residential buildings, directly influence the human health, productivity, and in general it may influence their quality of life. However, according to the investigations, there small numbers of objects which offer healthy and even the satisfaction of environmental life. One of the main reason for such a situation in construction sector is a fact of using materials which may directly and negatively effect the natural equilibrium due to emission of CO2. Therefore, the principal task of the construction industry and architecture in general is finding solutions to minimize the adverse impact on nature, especially the impact of CO2 emissions and the use of materials that will be safe and healthy on human life and the environment in which they live. The Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH) is faced with major problems related to the energy: lack of energy and uncertainty in energy supply, a steady rise in energy prices and energy, steady growth of consumption as thermal energy for heating buildings, and energy for cooling, especially in growth in standards and the massive application of air conditioning in building objects. Because of the fact that buildings as the largest consumers of energy have great energy and environmental impact, energy efficiency, sustainable construction and the possibility of using renewable energy sources impose themselves to be a priorities of modern construction and energy sectors, and it is necessary that Bosnia and Herzegovina implement these requirements in its own legislation. Hence, due to the increasing interest in ecology and environmental protection as well as energy saving in the focus of this thesis is a natural agricultural material straw or straw bale and this material on a daily basis becomes more and more interesting material in the building sector. Annually, over the whole world the tremendous amount of straw bales is being produced, which are, very frequently, were being burnt on lands. Hence, it represents great ecological issues. For example, Great Brittain, annually, is producing 4 millions tones of straw bales, which could be installed and constructed amazingly 450.000 houses in approximate. Also, due to specific technology way of constructing, people without or with less experience in construction, can easily participate in design and constructing of object. In that way, the costs related to labor force needed to perform constructional works, will be significantly reduced. Most important factor is a saving the long-range of decreasing of costs in terms of heating, owing to incredible attribute and property of thermo-isolation of straw.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 49

    Straw bale houses

    Master
    thesis

    Mentor: Assist. Prof. Dr. Sanela Klari


    Sarajevo, 2016

    Candidate: Almedin
    Curi

    Aims and significance of the


    research
    Support and encourage the commencement of
    building with straw bales in sector of the energy
    efficiency and sustainable development.
    Provide a clear and open information on benefits
    and methods of straw bale construction.
    Suggest that future investigations in Bosnia and
    Herzegovina be focused on the opportunities of
    exploitations of straw and its advantages of
    combining with other natural materials.

    Research hypothesis
    Straw represents the waste that is not used as
    construction material in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
    By building with straw the socio-economic
    development and progress will be improved
    open new workplaces, connection of other
    domestic
    industries
    and
    local
    materials,
    economical development of rural areas, reduced
    bad influence of construction sector on the
    enviroment and rised awarness of the citizens
    about health and better comfort.

    Research hypothesis
    Straw possesses excelent chemical, mechanical,
    healthy and aesthetic properties. Besides, it also has
    good thermal insulation, construction and decorative
    qualities as well as the all necessary characteristics
    of healthy, ecological and sustainable material.
    Straw doesnt shackle the creativity and allows
    flexibility and reassemblage. Particular advantage of
    this material is its simple assemblage which doesnt
    demand special equipment or special skills.
    Case study is necessary to raise awareness of
    sustainability and energy efficiency

    Research question
    How much annually is straw being produced in
    Bosnia and Herzegovina, which can be as a waste
    on the fields used like construction material?
    Are there the opportunities and potentials for the
    development of innovative technologies in Bosnia
    and Herzegovina?

    Methodology
    Research study carry out several methodologies and
    explains a straw and straw bale houses through
    different approach of analyisis:
    -

    Historical analysis
    Comparison analysis
    Functional analysis
    Economic analysis
    Desk research
    Practical work

    Brief history of straw bale


    houses
    Straw is used in construction industry since
    ancient times
    The first recorded building of straw bales was
    built in Nebraska, USA, in 1886.
    Nebraska technique or "load-bearing
    The oldest straw bale house in Europe is "Maison
    Feuillette, built in 1921, in Montargis, France
    In 1993. the journal The Last Straw significantly
    contributed to the popularization of straw bale
    houses.

    What is a straw?
    Straw is a dry stalk (part from the top of the root to
    the fruit) of cereals (wheat, rye, barley, oats, millet)
    or fiber plants (rice, hemp, flax)
    Straw is renewable material that is being developed
    by photosynthesis using solar energy, water and
    minerals from the soil. It consists of cellulose, lignin
    and silicon
    Straw is biodegradable and locally available for its
    production and transportation consumes far less
    energy than is the case with other building
    materials

    Properties of straw bales


    Thermal properties
    Fire resistance properties
    Resistance to moisture and water vapor
    permeability features
    Acoustics and sound insulation
    Health properties
    Durability
    Resistance to earthquakes

    Technical properties of straw applied in


    the construction of Student Pavilion
    Table 7 - The test results of five (5) samples of straw bales
    STRAW BALE

    Sample 1

    Sample 2

    Sample 3

    Sample 4

    Sample 5

    Lenght (cm)

    95

    87

    90

    78

    80

    Width (cm)

    50

    49

    49

    48,7

    49

    Height (cm)

    37

    36

    36,5

    35,5

    36,5

    Weight (kg)

    13,16

    11,65

    13,11

    13,01

    12,39

    RH (%)

    9,4; 9,3; 9,4

    9,3; 9,3; 9,3

    9,3; 9,3; 9,3

    9,4; 9,4; 9,4

    9,4; 9,4; 9,4

    Potentials of straw bales


    Modcells prefab technology with straw
    Straw buildings can be carbon negative as straw
    absorbs CO when it grows
    The potential of straw-bale construction extends
    beyond residential buildings and is already proving to
    have a positive impact in local communities in th UK.
    B&H has about 200,000 tons of straw per year as
    waste on the fields, which can be used in the
    construction industry.
    Straw as a material has potential to be competetive
    on B&H market

    Methods of construction with


    straw bales
    The method of bearing straw bale walls
    Nebraska method
    The method of lightweight constructional
    frameworks with bearing wall of baled straw
    The method of filling, method of wooden frame,
    method of columns
    The method of building with straw bales

    The method of bearing straw bale walls Nebraska method

    The method of lightweight constructional frameworks with


    bearing wall of baled straw

    The method of filling, method of wooden frame, method of columns

    The method of building with straw bales

    Process of construction of straw


    bale houses
    Step 1 Foundations
    Step 2 Wooden or other type of skeleton
    structure
    Step 3 Roof structure
    Step 4 Straw bale walls
    Step 5 - Plastering

    Urban and construction


    regulations for straw bale houses
    First known building permission for the straw bale
    house was released in 1989. in the United States,
    New York
    Article 4., Law on Construction Products, FBIH
    defines the construction product:
    - construction product is any product produced for
    permanent installation in buildings
    - use of the construction product is its storage on
    the site, its installation and use after it is
    embedded in the structure

    Urban and construction


    regulations for straw bale houses
    Article 5., Law on Construction Products, FBIH
    defines the technical characteristics of
    construction product:
    -Technical characteristics of the construction product
    should be such that in addition to the prescribed
    installation in accordance with the purpose of a
    building or designed maintenance to withstand all
    impacts of normal use and environmental impacts, so
    that the building in which it is installed during the
    project schedule meets the essential requirements for
    the building.

    Urban and construction


    regulations for straw bale houses
    Article 11., Law on Construction Products, FBIH defines
    the usability of construction product:
    - Construction product is usable if its technical
    characteristics are in accordance with the technical
    specifications.
    - Usability construction product is proved, depending on its
    type and technical specifications, by the document of
    compliance which is issued after implementation or
    insurance of the procedure for the conformity
    assessment of the technical characteristics of the
    construction product with the technical specification and
    label compliance prescribed by this Law.

    Urban and construction


    regulations for straw bale houses
    Article 13., Law on Construction Products, FBIH
    defines the technical approval of construction
    product:
    - By the technical approval, the technical
    characteristics
    of
    construction
    products
    are
    determined and manner of proving its usefulness is
    determined, the actions carried out in the conformity
    assessment of its technical characteristics and
    document on the compliance of the construction
    product which proves its usefulness.

    Case studies
    S-house, Austria

    Case studies
    Strohpolis, Germany

    Case studies
    Multi-storey residential building, Netherlands

    Case studies
    Auditorium of high school Brenderup Folk,
    Denmark

    Case studies
    Family house in Ivankovo, Croatia

    Case studies
    Family house in Poljanica Bistranska, Croatia

    Proposal Burch Student Pavilion


    The location of Burch Student Pavilion is in
    Municipality Ilida, Sarajevo. The pavilion is placed
    on the surface are of cca 170m 2 within the complex
    of IBU Campus.
    Pavilions orientatiation is north-east direction
    Investor of the project - International Burch
    University
    In the implementation of this project participated
    students,
    professors,
    domestic
    and
    foreign
    universities, and institutions, organizations and
    donators.

    Proposal Burch Student Pavilion


    Background and justification of the project
    - The building sector is responsible for 40% of the
    current CO2 emissions as well as energy consumption
    - Therefore, in order to make building as sustainable as
    possible, it is crucial to maximize the use of
    ecological materials
    - This project explores alternative usage of straw,
    recycled wood, recycled elements of the building
    such as windows and doors as well as alternative
    foundation elements made from recycled materials

    Proposal Burch Student Pavilion


    Project goals and objectives
    - The main objective of this project is ethnic
    reconciliation through joint practical work of the
    students from architecture, landscape architecture,
    forestry, civil engineering and agriculture faculties.
    - The scope of exploring, getting familiar and building
    (learning by doing) with alternative materials such
    as straw, recycled wood, recycled elements of the
    building (windows and doors) as well as alternative
    foundation elements made from recycled materials
    which will made biobase and law cost ECO building

    Proposal Burch Student Pavilion

    GROUND FLOOR
    cca 45m2

    Proposal Burch Student Pavilion

    SECTION A-A

    Proposal Burch Student Pavilion

    SECTION B-B

    Proposal Burch Student Pavilion

    FACADES

    Proposal Burch Student Pavilion

    FACADES

    Proposal Burch Student Pavilion


    3D RENDERS

    Proposal Burch Student Pavilion


    Process of activities at construction site:
    Day 1
    - Stone foundations vs reinforced concrete
    foundations

    Proposal Burch Student Pavilion


    Process of activities at construction site:
    Day 1
    - Connection and anchorage between wooden
    column and RC foundatations

    Proposal Burch Student Pavilion


    Process of activities at construction site: Day 2
    - cleaning the doors and windows

    Proposal Burch Student Pavilion


    Process of activities at construction site: Day 3
    - Tour at the mountain
    - Collecting of sedum (plants) for the green roof

    Proposal Burch Student Pavilion


    Process of activities at construction site: Day 4
    - Straw bales storaging at the construction site
    - Making of skeletal structure of the Pavilion

    Proposal Burch Student Pavilion


    Process of activities at construction site: Day 5
    - Mixing the mortar of clay and sand

    Proposal Burch Student Pavilion


    Process of activities at construction site: Day 6
    - Cutting and shaping the straw bales

    Proposal Burch Student Pavilion


    Process of activities at construction site: Day 7
    - Mechanical preparation and mixing of mortar
    using various recipes

    Proposal Burch Student Pavilion


    Process of activities at construction site: Day 8
    - Introduction to the methods of making the walls
    of straw and installation of mortars and their
    application

    Proposal Burch Student Pavilion


    Process of activities at construction site: Day 9
    - The construction and study of the flat extensive
    roof with sedums

    Proposal Burch Student Pavilion


    Process of activities at construction site: Day 10
    - Studying the various recipes of mortar mixture
    and applications of plastering

    Conclusion
    By implementing the theory knowledge and setting-up
    the same into practice we will raise awareness about
    sustainability and energy efficiency demands.
    Bosnia and Herzegovina produces more and more
    cereals each year which let to the development, good
    opportunity and potentials for using the waste on the
    fields for construction of eco-houses.
    Strategic approach to this constructions and materials
    is necessary in the future for sustainable socialeconomic development of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

    THANK YOU!

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