RADIOGRAPHY

LIMITATIONS OF RT-METHOD
1.

BOTH SURFACES OF THE JOB SHOULD

BE ACCESSIBLE TO OPERATORS.

2.

JOB TEMPERATURE SHOULD NOT EXECEED 60 .

3.

DEFECTS WHICH ARE PLANER IN NATURE

AND TO THE RADIATION MAY GET MISSED.

4.

FILMS ARE VERY SENSITIVE TO

TEMPRATURE,
PRESSURE
HUMIDITY.

RADIOGRAPHY

LIMITATIONS OF RT-METHOD

5.

WELD SURFACE INDICATIONS ARE CONFUSED

WITH INDICATION LIKE SLAGS, LACK OF FUSIONS
AND UNDERCUT CAUSING merge and reshoot.

6.

FOR HIGH THICKNESS JOB OF 100 mm

THICKNESS AND ABOVE LACK OF FUSION
ARE SOME TIMES
MISSED IN RT.

7.

CERTIFIED AND LICENSED OPERATORS ARE

REQUIRED.

8.

RT ENCLOSURE IS NEEDED

9.

EVACUATION OF CERTAIN AREA IS REQUIRED.

or

RADIATION SAFETY

DISPLAY RED WARNING LIGHT AT ENTRY POINT.

SAFE PRACTICE
4

RADIATION SAFETY
DISPLAY RADIATION BOARD AT ENTRY POINT.

RADIATIO
N

SAFE PRACTICE
KEEP

AWA
Y

RADIATION SAFETY

CORDON - OFF SAFE DISTANCE WITH FLAGGED ROPE FOR LOCATIONS OTHER THAN ENCLOSURE.

SAFE PRACTICE
6

RADIATION SAFETY
EVACUATE CORDONNED OFF AREA BEFORE
STARTING OF RADIOGRAPHY.

SAFE PRACTICE

NO
OCCUPANCY
ZONE

RADIATION SAFETY
SHOP RT PROCEDURE
SHOP

Note for

In charge shop RT

NDT
In charge

Calculation of

SHOP

cordoning &

In charge

shielding
NDT
requireme
nt

NDT

Arrangement of

Supervisor

SHOP

safety
requirements

Supervisor

SHOP RT

RADIOGRAPHY IN SHOPS

RADIATION

SAFETY

PRINCIPLES OF RADIATION SAFETY

FOR OPERATOR
TIME

: PASS MINIMUM POSSIBLE TIME IN

RADIATION FIELD.

Half time in radiation will reduce dose to half.

PRINCIPLE
9

RADIATION

SAFETY

PRINCIPLES OF RADIATION SAFETY

FOR OPERATOR

DISTANCE

: KEEP MAXIMUM POSSIBLE DISATNCE FROM

RADIATION SOURCE.

Double distance will reduce radiation by 4 times .

KEEP AWAY..
PRINCIPLE

SOURCE

10

RADIATION

SAFETY

PRINCIPLES OF RADIATION SAFETY

FOR OPERATOR
SHIELDING

STAND BEHIND STEEL / CONCRETE / BRICK WALL

Iridium Cob alt -

PRINCIPLE

12 mm steel shielding can reduce dose to half

20 mm steel shielding can reduce dose to half

source

11

RADIATION

SAFETY

PRINCIPLES OF RADIATION SAFETY

FOR OPERATOR
OPERATOR

SHOULD WEAR BADGE

T L
D

PRINCIPLE
12

13

RADIATION
RADIATION
Space

IN

SAFETY
DAILY

LIFE

Food &
drinks

Air

Crust
Wate
r

1.

2.

M E D I C
A L

3.

O F E
O N

14

RADIATION
RADIATION

Space

IN

SAFETY
DAILY

LIFE

Food &
drinks

Air

Crust
Wate
r

250 mR / YEAR
RADIATION FROM ENVIRONMENT

Water, Food, Sand, Air and Building & Sky

15

RADIATION
RADIATION

IN

SAFETY
DAILY

LIFE

250 mR / SHOT

MEDICAL CHEST XRAY

16

RADIATION
RADIATION

IN

SAFETY
DAILY

LIFE

1 mR / HOUR

17

18

RADIATION
UNDERSTANDING
Nausea+ Vomiting+ Diarrhea
( in a single shot )

No physical effect
( in a single shot )

Safe limit for

professionals
L & T Average for TLD holders

SAFETY

RADIATION

1
EFFECTS

1,00, 000 mR

10,000
10,000 mR
mR

2000 mR / yr.

170 mR / Mon..

22 mR / MONTH

19

RADIATION
UNDERSTANDING

SAFETY

RADIATION

EFFECTS

Local reddening of skin

1, 50, 000

mR

( in a single shot )
50 % chance of
death
4, 00 , 000 m R
( in a single shot )
Loss of fertility
6, 00, 000

mR

( in a single shot )

Radiation does not cause impotency in male or female

20

RADIATION

SAFETY

INCIDENTAL EXPOSURE TO RADIATION

1.

CONTACT YOUR

SUPERVISOR.

2.

GIVE FOLLWING DETAILS TO SUPERVISOR

WHERE HE WAS STAYING ?
HOW MUCH TIME HE WAS STAYING ?
HOW AND WHEN HE CAME TO KNOW ABOUT RT ?

3.

SUPERVISOR WILL CONSULT RSO OF NDE

4.

RSO WILL CALCULATE RADIATION DOSE

RECEIVED AND COMPARE WITH ANNUAL
DOSE LIMIT

5.

RSO WILL GIVE THE DETAILS TO SUPERVISOR

21

RADIATION

SAFETY

RESPONCEBILITIES OF RADIATION PERSONNEL

RADIOGRAPHER

1. PUT LIGHT & ROPE

2. VACATE THE AREA

BEFORE RT
3. OPERATE CAMERA

RSO

SITE INCHARGE

1. ESTIMATE AREA
FOR CORDONING
2. GIVE RT TECHNIQUE

3. ARRANGE SHIELDING
FOR RADIATION

1. GIVE SAFE
PROCEDURE FOR RT
2. DESIGN ENCLOSURES
AND GET BARC
APPROVAL
3.

CO-ORDINATE WITH

BARC
4. EDUCATE PERSONNEL
ABOUT RADIATION

22

RADIATION

SAFETY

COPETANT AUTHORTY FOR RADIATION SAFETY

AERB
Frames regulations and
amends rules
Directs BARC to
implement the regulations
Publication of codes and
standards

BARC
Approves safety
practices
Survey of radiation work places
Certification of
radiation personnel

23

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25