CSE 304-Digital Signal Processing

Dr. Amir A. Khan

Office : A-218, SEECS
9085-2162; amir.ali@seecs.edu.pk

Lecture-2

CSE-304 Digital Signal Processing

Dr. Amir / SEECS-NUST

Todays Lecture
Linear Constant Coefficient Difference
Equations (L. C. C. D. E.)

Frequency domain representation of

discrete time systems

Lecture-2

CSE-304 Digital Signal Processing

Dr. Amir / SEECS-NUST

Linear Constant Coefficient

Difference Equations
N-th Order Difference Equations
NN

MM

aa yy((nnkk))
bb xx((nnkk))
kk00

kk

kk00

kk

Examples:
Ideal Delay System

y (n) x(n nd )
k M

Moving Average
Accumulator
Lecture-2

1
y ( n)
x(n k )

M 1 k 0
y (n) y (n 1) x(n)

CSE-304 Digital Signal Processing

Dr. Amir / SEECS-NUST

Linear Constant Coefficient

Difference Equations
NN

MM

aa yy((nnkk))
bb xx((nnkk))
kk00

kk

kk00

kk

Rewriting
N
1 M
y[n] { bk x[n k ] ak y[n k ]}
a0 k 0
k 1

(Recursive Equation !)
Solving for y[n] we need y[n-1],.... y[n-N] (Auxiliary
Conditions)

Lecture-2

CSE-304 Digital Signal Processing

Dr. Amir / SEECS-NUST

Linear Constant Coefficient

Difference Equations
N
1 M
y[n] { bk x[n k ] ak y[n k ]}
a k 0
k 1
0

Special Case : N = 0

1
y[n]
a0

b x[n k ]
k 0

Non-recursive as output depends only upon the present and past

inputs
Thus, no auxiliary conditions required
Impulse response of such a system is:
M

bk
h[n] x n k
k 0 a0

Impulse response is of finite duration thus FIR System !

Lecture-2

CSE-304 Digital Signal Processing

Dr. Amir / SEECS-NUST

Linear Constant Coefficient

Difference Equations
Recursive Equation
N
1 M
y[n] { bk x[n k ] ak y[n k ]}
a0 k 0
k 1

Solving for y[n] we need y[n-1],.... y[n-N] (Auxiliary Conditions)

The impulse response of such a system is of infinite duration
leading to IIR system
EXAMPLE
y[n] 0.5 y[n-1] = x[n]

where x[n] = K [n]

Hint: y[n] = x[n] + 0.5 y[n-1]

x[-1. -N] = 0 so x[0] = K

y[0]= x[0] + 0 = K, y[1]= x[1] + y[0] = K/2 ......

y[n] = x[n]+y[n-1]=K/2n
Lecture-2

CSE-304 Digital Signal Processing

Dr. Amir / SEECS-NUST