Tuesday February 21st 2017

Pick up a guided note template, pick up your

spirals/folders from the front, take out a pen/pencil and
your bellwork.

We are taking notes today.

Bellwork: What are two things you notice about the

following picture?
The picture is next slide so dont start writing.
Westward Expansion
Era
John
Gast

Americ
an
Progre
ss
 Manifest Destiny
The belief that the U.S. was destined to expand to the Pacific Ocean
Accomplished through territory acquisition

Roots
European colonial legacy explore, spread religion, expand empires
Population Growth U.S. citizens + immigration
Cheap Land majority of people are still farmers
Economic Opportunity West = a fresh start with resources and land Preside
nt Polk
Land owning status raised political and social status
American Exceptionalism democracy, education, innovations are an example for
the world
Monroe Doctrine prevented European nations from colonizing Western Hemisphere
New transportation and communication connected West back to the East
Slavery issue will spread west with each new territory and state
Mormons escape religious persecution and settle in Utah
U.S. Territory Acquisition
 Mexican War 1846-1848
Causes
James K. Polk promised expansion if elected
Texas is annexed in 1845
Mexico disputes the southern border (Rio Grande) and war begins
Both sides send troops to the region and fighting breaks out
United States wins relatively easily after two years

Effects
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Ended war - Rio Grande is the southern border of U.S.
Mexican Cession
Mexico gives up huge amount of land for $15million (current SW
U.S.)
Many Mexican citizens now living in a different country
Often leads to mistreatment
Economy new markets for goods
Slavery brought up the issue again with new territories
 Mexican War 1846-1848

Views on the war

Mexican perspective: U.S. invaded Mexican soil

Pro-war US: Mexico invaded U.S. and spilled American

blood

Anti-war US: war of aggression and conquest, not

defense
Government wants to gain land for the expansion of slavery

Henry David Thoreau: author who refused to pay taxes

supporting the war and went to jail
Example of civil disobedience
Henry David
Thoreau
Transcendentalist
author
 Wednesday February 22nd 2017
Pick up your spirals/folders from the front, take out a
pen/pencil and your bellwork.

We will finish notes today.

Then a video/or assignment, your behavior determines outcome.

Bellwork:
You are going to California during the GOLD RUSH, how are
you going to make money?
There are more options than mining for gold. (Keep it CLEAN!).
 California Gold Rush 1849
Gold is first discovered at Sutters Fort in Northern California

49ers: thousands rush to California from all over the world to get rich

San Francisco becomes an important economic city

Businesses boom supplying the miners

Most miners leave with nothing!

California population explodes

Admitted into the Union in 1850 as a free state
Chinese immigrants arrive for economic opportunities
Chinese, Natives, and former Mexican citizens treated harshly

Mining takes a toll on the environment

 Westward Migration
Overland Trails
Santa Fe, Mormon, Oregon, California
Thousands travelled in covered wagons and faced numerous dangers

Geographic Features
Great Plains, Rocky Mountains, Sierra Nevada Mountains (Donner Party)

Transcontinental Railroad
Made possible because of Bessemer Steel Process
Workers: mainly Irish and Chinese immigrants
Gadsden Purchase: allowed railroad to bypass Rocky Mountains
Promoted western settlement
Cities and towns grew along the rail lines
Negative impact on environment: disrupted wildlife and natural features
Telegraph lines follow rail lines, connecting east and west
Pacific Railway Act (1862): authorized transcontinental railroad
 Impact of Westward Expansion
Lasted throughout the 19 th century (1800s)

Western population grew immigrants and factory workers move

west

Economic Activity mining, farming, ranching, railroad construction

North: industrial
Attracted immigrants and led to urbanization

South: remained agricultural

Slave labor, plantations, cash crops (cotton), lack of industry, few
railroads

West: abundant natural resources

Opportunities for mining, ranching, farming
Rapid growth of infrastructures (transportation/communication)
 Friday! February 24th 2017.
Pick up your spirals/folders from the front, take out a pen/pencil,
your bellwork and your US Territorial Expansion Maps.

We are grading the map and then working on Document Based

Questions (DBQs).
DBQs due at end of class, NO EXCEPTIONS.

Bellwork due today.

Bellwork: California was admitted to the Union as a FREE STATE.

How do you think Southern SLAVE STATES reacted to this? Why?
 Territory Acquisition
Atlantic to Mississippi
American Revolution (Or war) led to the Treaty of Paris 1783
Gained independence from Britain

Louisiana Territory
In 1803, Thomas Jefferson bought Louisiana from Napoleon and France
for $15 million

Florida
In 1819 (1821), Spain gave Florida to the U.S. by treaty. (Adams-Onis
Treaty)
 Territory Acquisition
Texas
The Texas Republic was annexed into the U.S. in 1845

Oregon
In 1846, the U.S. and Great Britain signed a treaty
Divided Oregon at the 49th parallel.

Mexican Cession
Mexican War led to the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, in
1848
U.S. paid Mexico $15 million for its Northwest Territory.

Gadsden Purchase
In 1853 Mexico sold the land to the U.S. for $10 million.
 U.S. Territory Map
Oregon
1846

U.S.
after
Treaty of
Paris
1783
Mexican
Cession
1848

Florida
1819

Gadsde
n Texas Louisian
Purchas 1845 a
e 1803
1853
 Optional Writing
Prompts/Guidelines
Respond to ONE or ALL of the following prompts!

What tools of westward expansion do you see?

What does the woman in the middle of the picture represent?
What positive changes will occur because of westward expansion?
Who do you think will benefit from westward expansion?
What negative changes will occur because of westward expansion?
Who will suffer because of westward expansion?
Why are the Americans heading west?
Reform and Social Icons