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Escalator
Escalator
A rare historic
One passenger, design found
Very small 400 mm (16 in) 3.7 kW (5.0 hp)
with feet together mostly in older
department stores
Low-volume sites,
uppermost levels of
Small 600 mm (24 in) One passenger department stores, 3.7 kW (5.0 hp)
when space is
limited
Proportional valves.
Pulse width modulation (PWM) control of on/off valves.
The second method of PWM is the one used in this system.
Although the switching is not proportional (i.e., only on and off),
the duty cycle of the on/off proportions is varied such that a 50 %
duty cycle leads to no change in pressure, while a duty cycle in
excess of 50 % (i.e., with the valve feeding the oil staying open
longer than 50 %) leads to an increase in pressure and reduction in
braking (and vice versa). This requirement to increase or decrease
the braking depends on the comparison between the reference
ideal speed profile and the actual measured speed profile.
Escalator speeds vary from about 90 feet per minute to 180
feet per minute (27 to 55 meters per minute). An escalator
moving 145 feet (44 m) per minute can carry more than 10,000
people an hour -- many more people than a standard elevator.
-Step widths: 600, 800 & 1000 mm; min. step or tread length = 400mm