TOBACCO AND

CARDIOVASCULA
R DISEASE
Tyler Hull
Defining Tobacco Use

Cigarettes
Chew
Cigar
E-Cigarettes
All kinds have differing effects on
Cardiovascular System
Discouraging Statistics

Smoking is the leading preventable cause of

premature death. It accounts for nearly 480,000
deaths per year. Nearly 1 in 5 deaths are due to
cigarette smoking.
Second hand smoke is also serious, it accounts for
more than 41,000 deaths per year.
Increases the risk of Coronary Heart Disease by 2
to 4 times
Increases risk of Stroke 2 to 4 times
In other words Smoking Kills
What is Cardiovascular
Disease(CVD)?
CVD is defined as a class of diseases that deal with the heart or
blood vessels.
Begins with the process of Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis: a condition that develops when plaque builds up on
the walls of the arteries.
Plaque is a result of fatty streaks that are laid to repair blood vessels.
Over time these fatty streak become plaques.
In the middle of a plaque is liquid core of lipids. When a plaque
ruptures these are released.
What is Cardiovascular
Disease(CVD)?
Continued
When the liquid lipids are released in the bloodstream the body
clots the vessel to stop the lipid from spreading through the body,
this is what leads to closure of the artery and potentially an
infarction or death of tissue.
If the plaque doesnt rupture buildup narrows the arteries making
it difficult for blood to flow through, which can cut off the tissue
from receiving the oxygen it needs to function and cause other
forms of CVD.
Smoking increases blood pressure which ultimately leads to the
buildup of this plaque.
Types of Cardiovascular Disease

Coronary Artery Disease

Stroke
Myocardial Infarction
Hypertensive Heart
Disease
Cardiomyopathy
And many more
How does Smoking lead to
Atherosclerosis?
Raises Triglycerides
Changes Cholesterol: Lowers HDL and Raises LDL
The toxins in cigarettes lowers a persons HDL levels, and raises LDL
levels.
Lowered HDLs and Increased LDLs
This leads to raised glucose levels
In turn, leads to high blood pressure
This can damage the blood vessels
Nicotine and Carbon Monoxide in cigarettes damages the endothelium,
which sets the stage for the buildup of plaque.
Continued
High Blood pressure can damage not only the
cardiovascular system but other systems as well.
Cognitive Brain Impairment
Erectile Dysfunction
Impairs Kidney function
Brittle Bones (Osteoporosis)
Muscle Pain
Aneurysm
Loss of Vision
Atherosclerosis
Other forms of CVD that are
affected by Tobacco Use
Coronary Artery Disease: the inner wall of an artery is damaged, by the
build up of fatty deposits (plaque). This fatty deposits can rupture and in
an attempt to fix itself the artery clots it self leading to many diseases.
Heart Attack: the blood flow to the heart is blocked and the needed
oxygen in the blood no longer flows to the heart. When the heart
loses oxygen, a section of the heart is damaged or dies. This is what
is described as heart attack. This often leads to death, or serious side
effects.
Stroke: the blood flow to the brain is blocked by a clot and a blood
vessel near or in your brain bursts leading to a brain attack.
Stroke and Heart Attack
Video- Heart Attack

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n8P3n6GKBSY
Other forms of CVD that are
affected by Tobacco Use (Cont.)
Cardiomyopathy: refers to diseases of the heart muscle. The heart
becomes enlarged, thick or rigid. Overtime the heart becomes weaker,
its less able to pump blood and is less able to maintain its natural
electrical rhythm. This leads to irregular heart beats and possible heart
failure.
Arrhythmia: Is a type of heart disease; it refers to irregular heart beats.
The heart isnt beating too fast or slow just not at its normal pace. Some
symptoms are chest pain, dizziness, fatigue, shortness of palpitations.
Hypertensive Heart Disease: Refers to conditions caused by high blood
pressure. Leads to nearly all types of Heart Diseases.
Arrhythmia and Hypertensive Heart
Disease
Prevention and Treatment
Quit Smoking is the most obvious choice.
Within 20 minutes your heart rates drops to normal.
After 12 hours your carbon monoxide levels drop to
normal.
Those that quit smoking within a year see their risk of
coronary heart disease drop in half.
Those that quit within 5 years see their risk of a stroke
drop to the same as nonsmokers.
After 15 years the risk of coronary heart disease is the
same as nonsmokers.
CVD is another reason
Conclusion

Tobacco is one of leading causes of Cardiovascular

Disease, consuming tobacco or being near a
smoker during their consumption of smoke is a
serious risk. One that you or really anyone should
not risk . If you are a smoker or chew consider
quitting, it isnt too late and it might just save
your life.
Sources
Smoking & Cardiovascular Disease (Heart Disease). (2014, February 27).
Retrieved October 25, 2015, fromhttp://www.heart.org/HEARTO
RG/GettingHealthy/QuitSmoking/QuittingResources/ SmokingCardio
vascularDisease_UCM_3051 87_Article.jsp#. VixV7DZdE2w
What is Cardiovascular Disease? (2014, December 18). Retrieved October 20,
2015,fromhttp://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Caregiver
/Resources/WhatisCardiovascularDisease/What-is-Cardiovascular-
Disease_UCM_301852_Article.jsp#
Jacobovitz, S. (2014). Tobacco Kills. Journal of the American College of
Cardiology, 64(24),2701-2702. Retrieved October 23, 2015, from Clinical Key.
Narula, J., & Prabhakaran, D. (2012). Tobacco and CVD. Global Heart, 7(2), 195-
196.Retrieved October 20, 2015, from Clinical Key.
Morris, P., Ference, B., Jahangir, E., Feldman, D., Ryan, J., Bahrami, H., . . .
Benowitz, N. (2015). Cardiovascular Effects of Exposure to Cigarette Smoke and
Electronic Cigarettes. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 66(12), 1378-
1391. Retrieved October 20, 2015, from Clinical Key.
QUESTIONS?