PAPER BATTERY

A Seminar Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Award of the Degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

Submitted By
CHETAN MANI CHAUHAN(214512)

Department of Electrical Engineering

Uma Nath Singh Institute of Engineering & Technology
VEER BAHADUR SINGH SINGH PURVANCHAL UNIVERSITY
JAUNPUR, INDIA
[2014-2018]
 CONTENTS
Introduction

Method & Materials

Advantages & Limitations

Applications

References
 INTRODUCTION

WHAT IS A PAPER
BATTERY?

A paper battery is a flexible, ultra-thin energy storage

and production device formed by combining carbon
nanotube with a conventional sheet of cellulose-
based paper.

A paper battery acts as both a high-energy battery

and super-capacitor , combining two components that
are separate in traditional electronics .
 GENERAL Li-ION BATTERY
Generally Li-ion re-chargeable batteries are used in
Mobile, laptop and most of the electronic devices.
3 primary functional component of Li-ion battery are:
1. -VE electrode(graphite)
s 2. +VE electrode(cobalt oxide)
3.electrolyte( lithium salt in organic solvent)

During discharge and charging, lithium ions Li + carry the

current from the negative to the positive electrode and vice-
versa respectively, through the non-aqueous electrolyte .
 Disadvantages of Li-Ion
EXPENSIVE -- 40% more than NiCd.

DELICATE -- battery temp must be monitored

from within (which raises the price), and
sealed particularly well.

REGULATIONS -- when shipping Li-Ion

batteries in bulk (which also raises the price).
Class 9 miscellaneous hazardous material
 WHY TO USE PAPER BATTERY?
Ultra-thin size & flexible structure.

Exhibits property of super-capacitor(22F-36F per gram)

Operating temperature(-75 to 100 degree celsius)

provide both long-term, steady power production and bursts

of energy.

Cost-effective.
CARBON NANOTUBES
Carbon nanotube is the main concept behind paper battery

Carbon nanotube (CNTs; also known as buckytube) are allotropes of

carbon with a cylindrical nanostructure. Allotropes are different structural
modifications of an element
CNTs exhibit extraordinary strength and unique electrical properties, and
are efficient thermal conductors.
Nanotubes are members of the fullerene structural family. The diameter of
a nanotube is on the order of a few nanometres' Their name is derived
from their long, hollow structure with the walls formed by one-atom-thick
sheets of carbon, called graphene. These sheets are rolled at specific and
discrete angles, and the combination of the rolling angle and radius decides
the nanotube properties
Graphene structure

Rolled at angle

Spinning Carbon Nanotube

CARBON NANOTUBE
CONSTRUCTION OF PAPER BATTERY

CNT thin films were coated onto stainless steel (SS) substrates
with a solution based process.
The concentration of CNT is 1.7 mg/ML.
A dried film with a thickness of 2 micrometer was formed after
drying the CNT ink on the SS substrate at 80 C for 5 min.This
film is then peeled off from substrate.
These films act as electrodes of paper battery.
one film is pasted to electrolyte LTO (Li4Ti5O12) and the
other film is pasted to electrolyte LCO (LiCoO2).
Paper is sandwiched between two electrolytes LTO and LCO
with PVDF(poly vinylidene fluoride) acting as glue.
CONSTRUCTION
PROCEDURE
MICROSCOPIC VIEW OF
LAYERS
STRUCTURE OF PAPER BATTERY
WORKING
1.While a conventional battery contains a number of separate
components, the paper battery integrates all of the battery components
in a single structure, making it more energy efficient.

2.Traditional Batteries produce electrons through a chemical reaction

between electrolyte and metal.

3.paper battery produces electrons due to the interaction of electrolytes LTO

& LCO.

4. Electrons collect on the negative terminal of the battery and flow along a
connected wire to the positive terminal during discharging.

5. Electrons must flow from the negative to the positive terminal for the
chemical reaction to continue.
 ADVANTAGES
The flexible battery can function even if it is rolled up,
folded or cut.

We can get 2.5 volts of electricity from a sample the

size of a postage stamp.

"If we stack 500 sheets together in a ream, that's 500 times

the voltage. If we rip the paper in half we cut power by 50%.
So we can control the power and voltage issue."

Because the battery consists mainly of paper and carbon, it

could be used to power pacemakers within the body where
conventional batteries pose a toxic threat.
APPLICATIONS
Paper battery offers future power
The black piece of paper can power a small light.

Flexible paper batteries could meet the energy demands of

the next generation of gadgets.

The ambition is to produce reams of paper that could one day

power a car.

The paper battery was a glimpse into the future of power storage.
 REFERENCES

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paper_battery

https://www.slideshare.net/adhipsebingeorge/paper-battery

https://www.ijsr.net/conf/ETPTA/MjcgRVRQVEEtMTQ1.pdf

www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article.../Paper-battery-power-gadgets-
future.html

www.technicaljournalsonline.com/ijaers/VOL%20I/.../25%20IJAERS.pdf