PAPER BATTERY

Presented by – Priyanshu Chauhan Under Guidance of – Mr. Suraj Panwar

 CONTENTS
1. What is a paper battery?
2. General Li-ion battery
3. Disadvantages of Li-ion
4. Why to use paper battery?
5. Carbon nanotube
6. Construction of paper battery
7. Construction procedure
8. Structure of paper battery
9. Working
10. Advantages
11. Applications
12. Paper battery offers future power
13. References
 WHAT IS A PAPER
BATTERY?

A paper battery is a flexible, ultra-thin energy storage and production

device formed by combining nanotube with a conventional sheet of
cellulose-based paper.

A paper battery acts as both a high-energy battery and super-

capacitor , combining two components that are separate in traditional
electronics .
GENERAL LI-ION BATTERY

 Generally Li-ion re-chargeable batteries are used in

mobiles,laptops and most of the electronic devices.
 Three primary functional component of Li-ion battery are:

1. -ve electrode(graphite)

2. +ve electrode(cobalt oxide)

3. electrolyte( lithium salt in organic solvent)

 During discharge and charging, lithium ions Li+ carry the current

from the negative to the positive electrode and vice-versa

respectively, through the non-aqueous electrolyte .
 DISADVANTAGES OF LI-ION

• EXPENSIVE- 40% more than Paper Battery.

• DELICATE- Battery temperature must be

monitored from within (which raises the price),
and sealed particularly well.

• REGULATIONS- When shipping Li-Ion

batteries in bulk (which also raises the price).
WHY TO USE PAPER BATTERY?

 Ultra-thin size & flexible structure.

 Exhibits property of super-capacitor(22F-36F per gram)

 Operating temper ature(-75 to 100 degree celsius)

 Provide both long-term, steady power production and bursts of

energy.

 Cost-effective.
 CARBON NANOTUBES
• Carbon nanotube is the main concept behind paper battery
• Carbon nanotubes (CNTs; also known as buckytubes) are allotropes of carbon with a
cylindrical nanostructure. Allotropes are different structural modifications of an
element
• CNTs exhibit extraordinary strength and unique electrical properties, and are
efficient thermal conductors.
• The diameter of a nanotube is on the order of a few nanometers. Their name is derived
from their long, hollow structure with the walls formed by one-atom-thick sheets of
carbon, called graphene. These sheets are rolled at specific and discrete angles, and the
combination of the rolling angle and radius decides the nanotube properties
 CARBON NANOTUBES

Graphene structure Rolled at Carbon Nanotube

angle
 CONSTRUCTION OF PAPER
BATTERY
 CNT thin films were coated onto stainless steel (SS) substrates with a
solution based process.
 The concentration of CNT is 1.7 mg/mL.

 A dried film with a thickness of 2 micrometer was formed after drying the CNT ink

on the SS substrate at 80 °C for 5 min.This film is then peeled off from substrate.
 These films act as electrodes of paper battery.

 One film is pasted to electrolyte LTO (Li4Ti5O12) and the other film is pasted to

electrolyte LCO (LiCoO2).

 Paper is sandwiched between two electrolytes LTO , LCO with PVDF(poly vinylidene

fluoride) acting as glue.

CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE
STRUCTURE OF PAPER BATTERY
 WORKING
1.While a conventional battery contains a number of separate
components, the paper battery integrates all of the battery components
in a single structure, making it more energy efficient.
2.Traditional Batteries produce electrons through a chemical reaction
between electrolyte and metal.

3.Paper battery produces electrons due to the interaction of electrolytes LTO

& LCO.

4.Electrons collect on the negative terminal of the battery and flow along
a connected wire to the positive terminal during discharging.

5.Electrons must flow from the negative to the positive terminal for
the chemical reaction to continue.
 ADVANTAGES
•The flexible battery can function even if it is rolled up,
folded or cut.

• We can get 2.5 volts of electricity from a sample the

size of a postage stamp.

•If we stack 500 sheets together in a ream, that's 500 times the
voltage. If we rip the paper in half we cut power by 50%. So we
can control the power and voltage issue."

•Because the battery consists mainly of paper and carbon, it could

be used to power pacemakers within the body where conventional
batteries pose a toxic threat.
APPLICATIONS
 PAPER BATTERY OFFERS
FUTURE POWER
• The black piece of paper can power a small light.

• Flexible paper batteries could meet the energy demands of the

next generation of gadgets.

• The ambition is to produce reams of paper that could one day

power a car.

• The paper battery was a glimpse into the future of power storage.
 REFERENCES

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paper_battery

• https://www.electronicshub.org/paper-battery-construction-working/

• https://www.edgefx.in/paper-battery-working-and-construction/

• https://www.newscientist.com/article.ns/?id=dn1069
THANK YOU