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Shock Wave
Shock Undisturbed
Front Explosive
C-J Plane
Stable
Reaction
Expanding Gases
Products,
Mainly Gas
Direction of Detonation
Primary Reaction
Zone
Onda de Choque
Burning & Deflagration
Burning
The propagation of combustion by a surface process. Where,
Combustion
An exothermic reaction producing flame, sparks or smoke. The
oxidiser may be part of the material (explosive) or obtained from
the atmosphere (fire).
Deflagration
A rapid burning in which convection often plays an important
role.
Used in mining to describe the burning of an explosive which
has failed to detonate.
Disctintion between Burning & Detonation
All explosives burn initially when initiated Most explosives are capable of
by heat. detonation with sufficient stimulus.
Burning is slow compared with detonation Detonation is much faster than burning
(0.001 500 m/s) (1800 9000 m/s)
Burning is a surface reaction. Due to low Detonation is a shockwave mechanism.
linear rate and because of conductive The shockwave propagates radially from
and reactive factors, often tendency for the point of initiation within the
the flame to spread along unburnt explosive. The surface is normally
surfaces faster than it passes into the reached from within by the wave, and is
bulk of the explosive. merely the boundary at which the wave
ceases to be self-supporting.
Disctintion between Burning & Detonation
The rate of burning (r) increases with The VOD has a limiting value for a given
ambient pressure (P). explosive, virtually independent of
r = P ambient pressure.
The burning rate is not dependent on the VOD depends on sample diameter
size of the sample. (small charges) & fails below some
critical diameter.
Energy Rate