GLASS IONOMER CEMENT

Dr.Shahbaz Ahmed
BDS, MSc (UK), FCPS (Pak)
Assistant Professor
Department of Operative Dentistry
DIKIOHS
Historical Evolution
 Hydrophobic POLYMER

GIOMER COMPOMER COMPOSITE

VLC Composite and VLC Composite and
Pre-reacted GIC powder F source Universal
CEMENTS CEMENTS
FILLING MATERIALS FILLING MATERIALS FILLING MATERIALS

RM-GI
GI and
VLC Hydrophilic
monomer and polymer

CEMENTS

MM-GI GI RR-GI
GI and GI and
Metallic fillers Resin-Fillers
Cermet fillers
A.R.T. and
CORES TEMPORARIES
HYDROGEL
 Classification on the Basis of
Applications
Type I - For luting cements
Type II - For Restorations
Type III - Liners and bases
Type IV - Fissure sealants
Type V - Orthodontic Cements
Type VI - Core build up
Type IX For A.R.T
Composition
SETTING REACTION
 FLUORIDE RELEASE
Fluoride comes from matrix and particles at different rates.

rapid early
F release
from matrix
Slow long term
F release
by diffusion
from particle

F-1,
Ca+2, Al+3, Si+4

Initial
dissolution
for
starting
reaction

FLUORO-ALUMINO-SILICATE CEMENT
PARTICLE MATRIX
 20

15
FLUORIDE RELEASE (ppm)

EFFECTIVE LEVELS

10
Fluoride Toothpaste,
Topical Fluoride,
Fluoride Mouthrinse

5
MATRIX

PARTICLES

0 7 14 21 28
TIME (Days)
MANIPULATION OF GLASS
IONOMER CEMENT
Properties
Setting Time
 Mixing Time: 30 seconds

Working Time: 2 minutes

Setting Time: 5 minutes

Total Time: 5-6 minutes at 23 C

Esthetics
Water Sensitivity, Solubility and
Disintegration
Margin Adaptation and
Leakage
Physical Strengths
 Biocompatibility

Anticariogenic Affect by way of

Fluoride Release
Finishing
 Advantages
Inherent adhesion to tooth structure
High retention rate
Little shrinkage and good marginal seal
Fluoride release and hence caries inhibition
Biocompatible
Minimal cavity preparation required hence easy
to use on children in and suitable for use even in
absence of skilled dental manpower and facilities
(such as in ART)
 Disadvantages
Brittle
Soluble
Abrasive
Water sensitive
Some products release less fluoride then conventional
GIC
Not Radiopaque (only true for conventional GIC
lacking Lanthanum, Strontium, Barium or Zinc Oxide
additives)
Slow setting and hence harder to use
Less aesthetic then composite
Applications / Uses
As Luting Agents
As Orthodontic Brackets
Adhesives
As Pit and Fissure Sealants
As Liners and Bases
For Core Build Up
 For Intermediate /
Temporary Restoration
 Restorations

Tunnel Restoration
Root caries
Cervical / Class V restorations *
Single-surface fillings in areas not involved
in occlusion/ Non-stress bearing areas
Sandwich technique
 Closed Sandwich

Open Sandwich
Co-cured Technique
 Co-cured Technique - G. Knight

Resin-modified GIC placed first as a thin liner

beneath composite resin, then cured together.

Reduces polymerization stress from composite,

reduced micro leakage

Adhesion is provided by micromechanical (resin)

and by chemical (GIC ion-exchange) methods
Retrograde / Apical Filling
(Geristore)
 A.R.T. RESTORATIONS
ART = Atraumatic Restorative Technique

Developed as temporary restorations for 3rd world countries.

First tested in African countries.
Now used widely in Asian countries.

Original technique = scoop, finger mix, finger insertion.

Current technique = P/L or precapsulated mixture.

Fuji IX

Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) = prevention and treatment of

dental carie sbased on excavating and removing caries using hand
instruments only and restoring glass ionomer.
As Restorations for Deciduous
Teeth