PENGENALAN DAN

FUNGSI PENGHADAMAN

RAVI MARGAPANDU
Digestive System

Alimentary Canal: hollow tube extending from

mouth to anus
Technically outside the body
Covered with mucous membrane
Accessory digestive organs teeth, tongue,
gallbladder, salivary glands, liver, and pancreas

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FUNCTIONS OF THE
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

1. Take in food
2. Break down the food
3. Absorb digested molecules
4. Provide nutrients
5. Eliminate wastes
The Digestive System
Digestive Tract Histology

1. Mucosa
2. Submucosa
3. Muscularis
4. Serosa
(adventitia)
 Goals of the Digestive System
1. Extract nutrients from food

2. Transform nutrients into useful forms

Ex- oreo= glucose

3. Absorb nutrients and distribute them

where they are needed
 Functions of the Digestive
System
Ingestion: intake of nutrients

Digestion: breakdown of large particles into

smaller ones

Absorption: uptake of nutrient molecules

Defecation: elimination of undigested residues

Actions of the Digestive System
1. Motility
- Breaks up food
- Moves food through the GI tract (Peristalsis)
- Mixes with digestive enzymes
2. Secretion
- Release of enzymes and hormones for chemical
digestion and regulation
3. Membrane Transport
- Absorption of nutrients from the tissues by the
blood and lymph for transport
 Stages of Digestion
Mechanical: physical breakdown of food

Chemical: digestive enzymes hydrolyze food

particles to break larger molecules into smaller
ones

Some nutrients are absorbed with out digestion

Vitamins, minerals, cholesterol, water