DELHI

Lutyens' Delhi is an area in Delhi, specifically New

Delhi, named after the leading British architect
Edwin Lutyens (18691944)

HE was responsible for much of the architectural design

and buildings when India was part of the British Empire.

HERBERT BAKER
LUTYEN
 Largely designed by Lutyens over twenty or so
years (1912 to 1930)
New Delhi, situated within the metropolis of
Delhi, was chosen to replace Calcutta as the
seat of the British Indian government in 1912;
the project was completed in 1929 and officially
inaugurated in 1931.
In undertaking this project, Lutyens invented
his own new Order of classical architecture,
which has become known as the "Delhi Order"
and was used by him for several designs in
England, such as Campion Hall, Oxford.
 City Plan
Even Lutyens' layout plan cannot be considered
original.
He had initially designed a city with all the streets
crossing at right angles, much like New York. But
Hardinge told him of the dust storms that sweep the
landscape in these parts, insisting on roundabouts,
hedges and trees to break their force, giving him the
plans of Paris and Washington to study and apply to
Delhi.
The final plan borrows from many other town plans and
from earlier plans for New Delhi.
Roderick Gradidge writes, "Although the plan was a
group effort, it has often been attributed to Lutyens, and
there is no doubt that he was a powerful influence in its
creation."
 Sir Edwin Landseer Lutyens (29 March 1869 1
January 1944) was a leading 20th century British
architect who is known for imaginatively adapting
traditional architectural styles to the requirements of
his era. He designed many English country houses.
He has been referred to as "the greatest British
architectand is best known for playing an
instrumental role in designing and building a section of
the metropolis of Delhi, known as New Delhi, which
would later on serve as the seat of the Govt. of India.
In recognition of his contribution, New Delhi is also
known as Lutyens Delhi".
In collaboration with Herbert Baker.
Stylistically, he never fitted into any single school or movement in
as much as the mark he left was always his own.

Although influenced early on by the Arts and Crafts movement of

his youth, and later by the discipline of the classical ideal, his
eclecticism was such that he was more concerned with the
intricacies of his own aesthetic principles

Free church, hapmpstead garden suburb

 What Lutyens Built
Rashtrapati Bhavan

Four bungalows inside the President's Estate

India Gate

Hyderabad and Baroda palaces at India Gate

A search for a monumental and imperial architecture, but also an architectural

vocabulary that would be representative of the subcontinent
 inspired by and incorporated various features from
the local and traditional Indian architecture
most clearly seen in the great drum-mounted Buddhist
dome of the Viceregal Lodge, now Rastrapathi Bawan.
This palatial building, containing 340 rooms, is built
on an area of some 330 acres (1.3km) and
incorporates a private garden also designed by
Lutyens
This vast mansion has got four floors and 340 rooms. With a floor
area of 200, 000 square feet it is built by using 700 million bricks
and three million cubic feet of stone. Hardly any steel has gone
into the construction of the building.
 the Mughal Gardens spread over 342 acres

The sprawling Moghul Garden inside the

Rashtrapati Bhavan was inspired by the Shalimar
Gardens in Srinagar and the green spreads around
the Taj Mahal. But despite such eclectic borrowings,
the final result is both captivating and stunning.
 dome which is superimposed on its structure. It is
visible from a distance and the most eye-catching
round roof with a circular base in the heart of Delhi.
While Lutyens ostensibly acknowledged the design
of the dome to the pantheon of the Rome, it is very
strongly believed by informed analysts that the
dome was structured in the pattern of the great
Stupa at Sanchi.
The pre-dominance of Indian architecture in the
dome is evident from the fact that it is encircled by
railings of Sanchi origin.
In fact the whole of Rashtrapati Bhavan embodies
in it Indian architectural patterns such as Buddhist
railings, chhajjas, chhatris and jaalis.
 Lutyens laid out the central administrative area
of the city.
At the heart of the city was the impressive
Rastrapathi bawan , formerly known as
Viceroy's House, located on the top of Raisina
Hill.
The Rajpath, also known as King's Way,
connects India Gate to Rashtrapati Bhawan,
while Janpath, which crosses it at a right angle,
connects South end road with Connaught
Place.
 The Secretariat Building, which house various
ministries of the Government of india
including Prime Minister of India office (PMO),
are beside the Rastrapathi Bhawan and were
designed by Herbert Baker.

Also designed by Baker was the Parliament

House, located on the Sansad Marg, running
parallel with the Rajpath.

Other architects designed other buildings such

as the Anglican and Catholic cathedrals.
 THE INDIA GATE
The India Gate is the national monument of India.
Designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens.
Originally known as All India War Memorial
It commemorates the 90,000 soldiers of the British Indian
Army who lost their lives while fighting for the British Indian
Emire, or more correctly the British Raj in World War-1 and
the Third Anglo Afgan War
It is composed of red sand stone and granite.

Originally, a Statue of King George V had stood under the

now-vacant canopy in front of the India Gate, and was
removed to Coronation Park with other statues.

Following India's independence, India Gate became the site of

the Indian Armys Tomb of the Unknown Soldies, known as
the Amar Jawan Jyoti (The flame of the immortal soldier).
42-metre tall

Inspired by a 18th century Mahabalipuram pavilion

 The Montague-Chelmsford reform of 1919 brought a certain
legislative responsibility upon Indians, and with it the need for
a legislative building as part of the New Delhi complex arose.

Parliament House in its final form was Baker's conception, an

odd circular form in a predominantly orthogonal planning
scheme.

In spite of the difficulty of citing a circular building in the

urban plan, Baker creation is not without architectural merit,
with an imposing exterior colonnade and an interior three-
pointed plan with a central, domed space.
 Materials
The use of the superb rhubarb-red and beige-
pink sandstones for Rashtrapati Bhavan is also
credited to Lutyens.
But, he had actually opposed it in favour of
white marble as used in the Taj Mahal.
He could hardly have been aware that in white
he too would have built a mausoleum.
In fact, sandstone was suggested by the
geological department, which got no credit
 Hyderabad House
Hyderabad House earlier known as Palace of the
Nizam of Hyderabad is a former princely residence of
Osman Ali Khan , Nizam VII located at New Delhi.
This house was built in 1926 by eminent architect
Edwin Lutyens.
It was the Delhi palace for the last Nizam of
Hyderabad State.
It is currently used by the Govt. of India for Banquets
and meetings for visiting foreign dignitaries. It has
also been a venue for joint press conferences and major
government events
 Hyderabad House was built in the shape of a
butterfly. It was the largest and most expensive
palace at that time.
The entrance hall of the palace, a domed roof is the
outstanding feature. It is located to the northwest of
the India Gate.
The Hyderabad House is an amalgam of the
Mughal and European styles of architecture.
It is the largest and grandest of all palaces that were
built during the period 1921-1931, to house various
state rulers and it is the biggest and grandest of all
princely houses built in New Delhi by this renowned
British architect.
Hyderabad House has 36 rooms, four of which have
now been converted into dining rooms.
 Connaught Place
(officially Rajiv Chowk) is one of the largest
financial, commercial and business centers in
Delhi.
It is often abbreviated as CP and houses the
headquarters of several Indian firms.
Its surroundings occupy a place of pride amongst
the heritage structures of the city.
It was developed as a showpiece of Lutyens Delhi
featuring a Central Business District
Named after theDuke of Cannaught, the
construction work was started in 1929 and
completed in 1933.
 Prior to its construction the area was a ridge,
covered with kikar trees inhabited by jackals
and wild pigs, where residents of Kashmere
Gate , Civil Lines area visited during the
weekends for hunting
Plans to have a central business district were as
the construction of the new capital of Imperial
India started taking shape, mooted by W.H.
Nicholls, the chief architect to the Govt. of
India , who planned a central plaza based on
the European Renaissance and Classical style
it was Robert Tor Russell, chief architect to the
Public Works Department (PWD), Government
of India who eventually designed the plaza.
 Connaught Place had only two floors, almost makes
a complete circle and was planned to have
commercial establishments on the ground with
residential area on the first floor.
The circle was eventually planned with two
concentric circles, creating Inner Circle, Middle
Circle and the Outer Circle and seven radial roads.
Entrance of the underground shopping complex , Palika Bazaar, in Connaught Place,
built in 1970s
Jeevan Bhart, LIC building, Connaught Place, Outer Circle, built in 1986
 NEW DELHI Charles Correa, one of India's greatest
contemporary architects, passed away on June 16, 2015
in Mumbai following a brief illness. He was 84.
Correa was responsible for designing many landmark
buildings including the Gandhi Memorial at Sabarmati,
Vidhan Bhavan in Bhopal, the Permanent Mission of
India at the UN, New York, Kala Academy in Goa and
the Kanchanjunga residential tower in Mumbai.
Born on September 1, 1930 in Secunderabad, Correa
studied at St Xavier's College in Mumbai before going
to the University of Michigan in 1949 and then the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1953.
He was awarded with numerous awards during his
lifetime including, Padma Vibhushan in 2006 and
Padma Shri in 1972.
Jawahar Kala Kendra Jaipur
 Navi Mumbai

From 197075, Correa was the Chief Architect for New Bombay (Navi Mumbai),
an urban growth center of 2 million people across the harbour from the existing
city of Mumbai. Here, along with Shirish Patel and Pravina Mehta he was
involved in extensive urban planning of the new city.
 Champalimaud Centre, Lisbon

Charles Correa designed

this research and
diagnostic center located in
Lisbon in 2004. It is a state-
of-the-art facility guided
by some of the best
scientist in the world. In an
interview,
Correa had said, What make
s me most proud about this
project is that it is NOT a
Museum of Modern Art. On t
he contrary, it uses the hi
ghest levels of contemporar
 City Centre Mall, Kolkata

With approximately 42 thousand sq. metre. of commercial

and entertainment spaces on five acres of land, City Centre
Salt Lake is one of the first malls that was built in Kolkata. It
is considered one of the few finely designed malls.
Bharat Bhavan, Bhopal Bharat Bhavan in
Bhopal is a multi art
centre, set up to
create an interactive
proximity between
the verbal, visual
and performing arts.
Correa made Bharat
Bhavan in 1982. It is
one one of the best
pieces of
architecture the
country has
witnessed.
Mahatma Gandhi Sangrahalaya, Sabarmati Ashram

The Mani Bhavan Gandhi Sangrahalaya is a quaint Gujarati-style house in

Mumbai where Mahatma Gandhi lived from 1917 to 1934. The Mahatma
Gandhi Sangrahalaya was Charles Correa's first important project.