CORBELS

Design and Analysis of Corbels

Using NSCP 2010 Provisions
BY:
PAULO, CHRISLAN T.
VILLAFLORES, APRIL
DEFINITION
Corbel or bracket is a reinforced concrete member used to
support the reinforced concrete beam element. It is a short
haunched cantilever that is generally casted monolithically with
the column or wall.
 MODES OF FAILURE OF CORBEL
The most common of which are:
yielding of the tension tie,

failure of the end anchorages of the

tension tie, either under the load point or
in the column,

failure of the compression strut by

crushing or shearing,

and local failures under the bearing

plate.
 Max. Moment
occurs here
Anchor bar

( )

( )
Stirrup holder
Column

CROSS SECTION OF A CORBEL

Notations:
=shear span, distance bet concentrated load and face of
supports in mm.
d=distance from extreme compression fiber to centroid of
longitudinal tension reinforcement, but need to be less than 0.80h
for prestressed members in mm.
=factored tensile force applied at top bracket of corbel
acting simultaneously with to be taken as positive for tension.
=factored shear force at section
=area of reinforcement in bracket or corbel resisting tensile
force in 2
=area of reinforcement in bracket or corbel resisting factored
moment
= +
 = area of shear-friction reinforcement in 2
= area of non-pre stressed tension reinforcement
(primary tension reinforcement) in 2
= area of shear reinforcement parallel to flexural tension
reinforcement (closed stirrups) in 2 .
= web width or diameter of circular section in mm.
b= width of compression face of member in mm.
= specified yield strength of non-pre stressed reinforcement in
Mpa.
= specified compressive strength of concrete in Mpa.
= steel ratio of non-pre stressed tension reinforcement

=

DESIGN OF CORBEL
The corbel must be designed to resist simultaneously , a factored
moment and a factored horizontal tensile force .

Shear Design of Corbel

To avoid the crack that occurs in the interface of the corbel and the
column we must provide the shear friction reinforcement perpendicular
with the cracks direction. We use coefficient of friction to transform the
horizontal resisting force into vertical resisting force.

Flexural Design of Corbel

The corbel is designed to resist ultimate flexural moment result from the
supported beam reaction, Vu and horizontal force from creep and
shrinkage, . The minimum value of is 0.2 and not greater than
.
NSCP SPECIAL PROVISIONS FOR BRACKETS AND CORBELS

Shear span to depth ratio

.

Factored horizontal tensile force not larger than .
Depth at outside edge of bearing area:
Shall not be less than 0.5d.
At face of support shall be designed to resist simultaneously
a shear , a factored moment = +
and a factored horizontal tensile force .
Factored tensile force shall not be less than 0.20 unless
provisions are made to avoid tensile forces. = 0.20
 Strength reduction factor shall be taken as 0.75 in all
design calculations.
Shear friction reinforcement:

= ; = coefficient of friction

Concrete placed monolithically 1.4

Concrete Placed Against
1.0
Roughened Hardened Concrete
Concrete Placed Against
0.6
unroughened Hardened Concrete
Concrete Anchored to Structural
0.7
Steel

Shear strength for normal weight concrete:

shall not exceed the smallest value of
a) = .
b) = . + .
c) =
 Shear strength for all light weight or sand-light weight
concrete,
shall not be greater than the smallest value of

a) = . .


b) = . .

Area of reinforcement in bracket or corbel ( ) resisting the
factored moment = + shall be
computed in accordance with Sections 410.3 an 410.4.

=
2

Assume = 0.90d
2

=

2

=
.
After getting the approximate , compute for actual value of
a:
C=T
 0.85 =

=
0.85

Then substitute a to solve for actual

=


Reinforcement to resist tensile force ,

= ; where = 0.20

Area of primary tension reinforcement , shall be made
less than the larger of the following:
a.) = +

b.) = +

 Total area of closed stirrups or ties parallel to primary
tension reinforcement shall not less than 0.5 .
= 0.5
Distribute uniformly within 2/3 d, adjacent to primary
tenion reinforcement.

.
Steel ratio = shall not be less than

At front face of bracket or corbel, primary tension
reinforcement shall be anchored by one of the following:
1. By a structural weld to a transverse bar of at least equal
size; weld to be designed to develop specified yield
strength of primary tension reinforcement.
2. By bending primary tension reinforcement back to form a
horizontal loop; or
 3. By some other means of positive anchorage.

Bearing area on bracket or corbel shall not project beyond

straight portion of primary tension reinforcement, nor
project beyond interior face of transverse anchor bar (if
one is provided).
DESIGN PROCEDURE
Step 1. Find factored shear Vu and tensile force Nuc
Step 2. Compute shear-friction reinforcement
Step 3. Calculate required flexural reinforcement
Step 4. Reinforcement to carry tensile force
Step 5. Required main flexural steel (Asc)
Step 6. Provide closed horizontal stirrups
STEP 1:
FIND FACTORED SHEAR AND TENSILE FORCE
= 1.2DL +1.6LL

= 0.20
STEP 2
SHEAR FRICTION REINFORCEMENT

=
=
=
1 =
1 =
1 =
=

=

STEP 3
STEEL REQUIREMENT FOR MOMENT

=
=

=
2

=
2

=


STEP 4
REINFORCEMENT TO RESIST TENSILE FORCE

=

STEP 5
TOTAL AREA OF PRIMARY TENSION REINFORCEMENT

= +

= +

Note: Use biggest value of

STEP 6 Spacing of stirrups
Area of closed
stirrups: No. of D mm stirrups

2 2 N =
4
2
= . =
3
SAMPLE PROBLEM
A factored vertical load = 400 is acting at a distance =
127. From the face of the column. The corbel has a width of
250mm, a total thickness of 450mm and an effective depth of
350mm. Assume coefficient of friction of concrete is 1.0. =
34.50 , = 414 . Consider a horizontal reaction due
to creep and shrinkage of a restrained beam.
a. Compute the steel area to resist moment acting in the
corbel.
b. Compute the number of 22 mm reinforcement required for
the primary reinforcing bars to resist moment and shear.
c. Compute the 10 mm stirrups parallel to the primary
reinforcement and its spacing.
SOLUTION:

a. Steel area to resist moment Max. moment

on the corbel occurs here
Anchor bars
= 0.20 Primary (Asc) =
reinforcement
= 0.20 (400)
=

= + d=350 h=450
= +
(450-350) Horizontal
= . bars (Ah)
Stirrup holder
=
2

assume = 0.9
2

= =
(. )



= =
. ()(. )() .
. ()
= . = .
=
0.85 =
601.18(414)
=
0.85(34.5)(250)

= .
b. Reinforcement to resist bending - Reinforcement to resist tensile force,
and shear
=

- Shear friction reinforcement area,
=
. ()

=
= .
- Total area of primary tension
reinforcement
=
.()()
= +
= .
= . + .

= .
 c. No. of 10 mm stirrups
= +

= .
(. ) = . . .
= + .
= .

= . 2
2 N =
4
Use bigger value,therefore;

= . 10 2 2 N = 429.415
4
= 2.73 3
No. of 22 mm bar:
Use 3-10 mm bars
22 2 N = 1116.47
4
= 2.94 3 2 2 350
= =
3 3 3
Use 3-22 mm bars = 77.78
Say 75 mm on centers
 10 mm stirrups = 400kN
10 mm stirrups
22 mm stirrups =

d=350 h=450

10 mm stirrups
@ 75mm o.c
10 mm stirrups
----- END OF REPORT -------

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