PLANTS

PLANTS

Phytotoxicology

Active Principle
 CASTOR

Botanical Name
Ricinus Communis

Common Name
Castor, Arand
 CASTOR

Active Principle

Ricin (toxalbumin)
 CASTOR

Uses

Purgative
Lubricant
 CASTOR

Fatal Dose
5-10 raw seeds
1 mg/kg of Ricin

Fatal Period
2-7 days
 CASTOR

Clinical Features

1) GIT irritation

2) Renal

3) Skin
 CASTOR

Management

1) Removal of Unabsorbed poison

2) Decrease the absorption
3) Increase the excretion
4) Antidote
5) Symptomatic
 CASTOR

Autopsy Findings

1) Mucosal inflammation
2) Mucosal hemorrhage
3) Crushed seeds in stomach
4) Hemorrhages in organs
 CROTON

Botanical Name
Croton Tiglium

Common Name
Croton, Jamalgota
 CROTON

Active Principle

Crotin (toxalbumin)
 CROTON

Fatal Dose
4-5 raw seeds

Fatal Period
4-6 hours
 CROTON

Clinical Features

1) GIT irritation

2) Renal

3) Skin
 CROTON

Management

1) Removal of Unabsorbed poison

2) Decrease the absorption
3) Increase the excretion
4) Antidote
5) Symptomatic
 CROTON

Autopsy Findings

1) Mucosal inflammation
2) Mucosal hemorrhage
3) Crushed seeds in stomach
4) Hemorrhages in organs
 ABRUS

Botanical Name
Abrus Precatorius

Common Name
Rati, Rosary Pea
 ABRUS

Active Principle

Abrin (toxalbumin)
 ABRUS

Fatal Dose
1-2 raw seeds
90-120 mg Abrin

Fatal Period
3-5 days
 ABRUS

Clinical Features

1) GIT irritation

2) Renal

3) Skin

4) Eyes
 ABRUS

Management

1) Removal of Unabsorbed poison

2) Decrease the absorption
3) Increase the excretion
4) Antidote ( administer anti-abrin or NaHCO3
)
5) Symptomatic
 ABRUS

Autopsy Findings

1) Mucosal inflammation
2) Mucosal hemorrhage
3) Crushed seeds in stomach
4) Hemorrhages in organs
 CAPSICUM

Botanical Name
Capsicum Annum

Common Name
Chili, Mirch
 CAPSICUM

Active Principle

Capsaicin
 CAPSICUM

Clinical Features

1) GIT irritation

2) Respiration

3) Skin

4) Eyes
 MARKING NUT

Botanical Name
Semicarpus Anacardium

Common Name
Marking nut, Bhilawa
 MARKING NUT

Active Principle

Semecarpol
Bhilawanol
 MARKING
ABRUSNUT

Fatal Dose
5-8 raw seeds
10 gm. marking nut juice

Fatal Period
12-24 hours
 MARKING
ABRUSNUT

Clinical Features

1) GIT irritation

2) Skin (Artificial bruise)

 MARKING
ABRUSNUT

Management

1) Removal of Unabsorbed poison

2) Decrease the absorption
3) Increase the excretion
4) Antidote
5) Symptomatic
 MARKING
ABRUSNUT

Autopsy Findings

1) Mucosal inflammation
2) Oral cavity blisters
3) Crushed seeds in stomach
4) Hemorrhages in organs
 MADAR

Botanical Name
Calotropis Gigantea

Common Name
Madar, Akdo
 CROTON
MADAR

Active Principle

Calotropin
Calotoxin
Uscharin
 CROTON
MADAR

Fatal Dose
Uncertain

Fatal Period
12-24 hours
 MADAR
CROTON

Clinical Features

1) GIT irritation

2) Renal

3) Skin
 MADAR
CROTON

Management

1) Removal of Unabsorbed poison

2) Decrease the absorption
3) Increase the excretion
4) Antidote
5) Symptomatic
 CROTON
MADAR
Autopsy Findings

1) Mucosal inflammation
2) Mucosal hemorrhage
3) Crushed seeds in stomach
4) Hemorrhages in organs
 ERGOT

Botanical Name

Claviceps Purpurea
(a parasitic fungus)
 CROTON
MADAR
ERGOT

Active Principle

Ergotamine
Ergotoxin
Ergometrine
 CROTON
ERGOT
MADAR

Fatal Dose
1 gm. Or more

Fatal Period
24 hours-several days
 MADAR
ERGOT
CROTON

Clinical Features

1) ACUTE POISONING(Rare)

GIT

Neuromuscular System
 MADAR
ERGOT
CROTON

Clinical Features

1) CHRONIC POISONING
ERGOTISM
St.Anthonys Fire

Convulsive form
Gangrenous form
 MADAR
ERGOT
CROTON

Management

1) Removal of Unabsorbed poison

2) Symptomatic
IV Nitroglycerine or Nitroprusside
Oral Prazocin, Captopril, Nifedipine
 CROTON
MADAR
ERGOT
Autopsy Findings

1) Mucosal inflammation
2) Mucosal hemorrhage
3) Particles in stomach
4) Gangrene of toes