TELECOM NETWORKING

Name of Guide Name of presenter

Mr. S.B Kumar Vishal Sharma
(08911502814)
 Objectives and Scope
Cell phone technology has grown exponentially in the last decade.

Cell tower antennas transmit in the frequency range of 869 - 894 MHz (CDMA),
935 - 960 MHz (GSM900) and 1810 1880 MHz (GSM1800).

3G and 4G has been deployed in a many cities, in which base station antenna
transmits in the frequency range of 1.8-2.5GHz and 2-8GHz respectively.

Mobile phone operators divide a region in large number of cells, and each cell is
divided into number of sectors. The base stations are normally configured to
transmit different signals into each of these sectors.

Majority of these towers are mounted near the residential and office buildings to
provide good mobile phone coverage to the users.
 Introduction of Company
In august 2000 Dr. Ran Singh Birhman with a small team of technicians and
engineers incorporated Relcom Group to provide its services to Telecom sector.

MTNL Delhi for Motorola and MTNL Mumbai for Fujitsu in CDMA I & C
are the starting project for the Relcom Group.

Relcom Group to providing their services to all major Telecom companies like
Bharti Airtel , Idea, Vodafone, Reliance, Ericsson, Nokia, ZTE and many more
companies.
 Cell Site
A cell site or cell tower is a cellular telephone site where antennae and
electronic communications equipment are placed.

These are mount typically on a radio mast, tower, or other raised structure
to create a cell (or adjacent cells) in a cellular network.

The raised structure typically supports antennae and one or more sets of
transmitter/receivers transceivers, digital signal processors, control electronics,
a GPS receiver primary and backup electrical power sources, and sheltering.

In Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) networks, the correct

term is Base Transceiver Station (BTS).
 Telecommunications Equipment
Telecommunications equipment can be broadly broken down into the following categories:
1. Public switching equipment
Analog Switches
Digital Switches
2. Transmission equipment
Transmission lines
Optical Fiber
Base Transceiver Station
Multiplexers
Local loops
Communication Satellites
3. Customer premises equipment
LAN
Modems
Routers
Telephones
Base Transceiver Station
asasdsdsad

A base transceiver station (BTS) is a piece of equipment
facilitates wireless communication between user equipment and a network.
that

Equipment are devices like Mobile phones, computers with wireless Internet
connectivity.

The network can be that of any of the wireless communication technologies

like GSM, CDMA, wireless local loop, Wi-Fi, WiMAX or other wide area
network (WAN) technology.

BTS is also referred to as the radio base station (RBS), node B (in 3G Networks)
or, simply, the base station (BS).

Typically a BTS will have several transceivers (TRXs) which allow it to serve
several different frequencies and different sectors of the cell (in the case of sectored
base stations).

A BTS is controlled by a parent base station controller via the base station control
function (BCF).
 Communications Satellite
A communications satellite is an artificial satellite that relays and amplifies radio
telecommunications signals via a transponder.

It creates a communication channel between a source transmitter and a receiver.

Communications satellites are used for various purposes.

Communications satellites use a wide range of radio and microwave frequencies.

 Five Main Types of Towers
The Monopole Tower

The Lattice Tower

The Guyed Tower

Concealed Towers

Broadcast Towers
 Other Equipment
Antenna Array

Microwave Dish

Utilities

Access
 Conclusion
Number of cell sites will continue to increase to keep pace with mobile voice, data
and video service growth.

Wireless service providers will continue upgrading their networks.

With technology upgradation the problems associated with towers can be resolved.