PENELUSURAN MASALAH

PENELITIAN ILMU
KEPERAWATAN
Prof. Dr. Nursalam, M.Nurs (Hons)
Pengurus AIPNI
Ketua Dewan Redaksi Jurnal Ners
Reviewer IWCJ

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 METODOLOGI PENELITIAN (MMP)
SKRIPSI TESIS - DESERTASI II. METODOLOGI D-S-V-I-A
Mencari kebenaran: 1. DESAIN
(Korespondensi & Koherensi) 2. POPULASI, SAMPEL &
SAMPLING,BESAR SAMPEL
1. KEILMUAN - BIDANG 3. VARIABEL & DEFINISI
I.
OPERASIONAL
M
2. KASUS 4. PENGUMPULAN DATA
A
(INSTRUMENT, WAKTU &
S TEMPAT, PROSEDUR)
A 3. MASALAH (F1-F2) 5. ANALISIS DATA
L
A
6. TOPIK /
4. RUMUSAN MASALAH
& KERANGKA KONSEP
TEMA
H
JUDUL
III. PENULISAN - HASIL
5. TUJUAN
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1. SEARCHING OF RESEARCH
PROBLEM ---- Phenomena

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 AREA TOPIK
RISET KEPERAWATAN

1. ANAK
2. MATERNITAS
3. MEDIKAL BEDAH
4. JIWA
5. KOMUNITAS & KELUARGA
6. GERONTIK
7. MANAJEMEN DAN PENDIDIKAN
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 A GOOD TOPIC? N-O-C-T

NOVELTY
ORIGINALITY
CONTRIBUTION ON THEORY AND PRACTICE
TRENDS / PREVALENCY

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LANGKAH PENELUSURAN
MASALAH & PENULISAN
ARTIKEL VIA RISET

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SEARCHING NURSING RESEARCH PROBLEM (P-34)
1. TOPIC
IDEA
Prolonged 1st Stage of labour NURSING SCIENCE: MATERNITY,
PEDIATRIC, etc.
BRAINSTROMING
Factors that cause the prolonged? 2. CASE SELECTION: INC,
Hospitalisation stress,, etc.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Factors: 5P, the dominant one is psyche: 3. NURSING PROBLEM:
husband support - has not been studied NANDA / GORDON (F1-F2)
Prolonged 1st stage of labour
VARIABLES 5P (power, passage, passanger,
psychological, provider ...) F-I-N-E-R
Anxiety, straining strength , age, parity, family support,
Admission time, stress etc.
FRAMEWORK
4. RESEARCH QUESTIONS (Q-S-S)
What is the effect of husband support on acceleration of cervix dilatation 1st stage of Labour for inpartum mother?

5. AIM AND OBJECTIVES (BLOOM + Objective + (V-V) .

To explain the effect of husband support on acceleration of cervix dilatation for inpartum mother
TITLE
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6. EFFECT OF HUSBAND SUPPORT ON ACCELERATION OF CERVIX DILATATION FOR INPARTUM MOTHER
 1. SEARCHING OF RESEARCH
PROBLEM ---- Phenomena
_
FACT WHY.....

MALNUTRITION ?
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WHY.....

TRADITIONAL MEDICINE
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WHY.....

ENVIRONMENT
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WHY.....

HEALTH BEHAVIOR
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DISASTER MANAGEMENT

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HOW?
STRESS

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13
 CONTOH ..... PENGGALIAN MASALAH
PENELITIAN KEP MATERNITAS
KEPERAWATAN
MATERNITAS
Askep Askep Askep Askep Askep Ibu Askep dgn Askep pd Ibu
Ibu Prenatal Ibu Ibu Postnatal pada Resiko Tinggi ggn Akseptor KB
Intranatal BBLR Kehamilan reproduksi

Anamnesa ibu Pemeriksaan Senam Penyuluhan pada

hamil Kehamilan Hamil Ibu Hamil

Leopold-I Leopold-I Leopold-I

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 Lanjutan .......
KEPERAWATAN
MATERNITAS

Askep Askep Askep Askep Askep Ibu Askep dgn Askep pd

Ibu Prenatal Ibu Ibu Postnatal pada Resiko Tinggi ggn Ibu
Intranatal BBLR Kehamilan reproduksi Akseptor KB

Pengkajian Pengkajian Kala- Pengkajian Kala- Pengkajian Kala-

Kala-I II III IV

Tanda Kemajuan Perubahan Perubahan Perawatan Perawatan Abs. Bounding

Persalinan buka Fisik Psikologis Plasenta Perdarahan Perdarahan Attachment
cervix

Manajemen Persiapan Pimpinan Penghitungan

nyeri persalinan persalinan skore Apgar
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 Lanjutan .......
KEPERAWATAN MATERNITAS I

Askep Askep Askep Askep Askep Ibu Askep dgn Askep pd

Ibu Prenatal Ibu Ibu Postnatal pada Resiko Tinggi ggn Ibu
Intranatal BBLR Kehamilan reproduksi Akseptor KB

Pengkajian Diagnosa intervensi Implementasi Evaluasi

Tanda Vital Involutio Laktasi Luka

perinium

Higiene Vulva Breast care Mobilisasi Diet Ibu Manajemen Senam kala
menyusui laktasi nifas

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SPIDER PNC (POST NATAL CARE)
WEB
? ?
Pijat oxytocin
Senam ?
nifas ?
?

Involusi Uteri
?

POST PARTUM

?
?

?
? ?

?
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SPIDER INPARTUM (1ST STAGE OF LABOUR )
WEB
?
Pregnant ?
Nutrition excercise ?
status ?
?

Power:
Nutrisi
?

INPARTUM

?
?

?
? ?

?
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SPIDER DIABETES MELLITUS
WEB
? ?
?
Treatment ?
?
? Activity : type (DM
excercise, walking, etc)

Diabetic
?

wound
?

Central Theme
Blood glucose

DM

?
?

?
? ?

?
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SPIDER TOPIC / PROBLEM: PATIENT SATISFACTION
WEB
Hospital dont know
what px-expect Operating Over
Wards theater All Patients
No case conference
Nobody takes any No name tag Nurse
interest

The Problems
Poor Relationship with

Scope of
health team

Never H.E-when
Pt.discharge

PATIENT SATISFACTION

Hospital Policy not Different trust

research based
No response on
Nurses dont complain
Nurse dont do
believe Research
research
result
No programme to
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2. WRITE CHAPTER LITERATURE
REVIEW

THEORITICALREVIEW (USE OF
NURSING THEORIES & OTHER
RELEVANT THEORY)

THEORITICAL MAPPING (RESEARCH

ORIGINALITY)

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 KAJIAN MASALAH
REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Research should be built on the work of others
The Literature is all the written sources relevant to your
topic
Primary source
Written by the person who originated , or is responsible for
generating, the ideas published
Secondary source
Summarizes or quotes content from primary sources
Paraphrase the works of primary authors
Meta-analysis or systematic reviews
Your work should mostly contain primary sources. Citations should be
of primary sources not secondary sources
Generally, try to keep cited references to within 5 years
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 3. DEVELOP A
A. FRAMEWORK (QUANTITATIVE)
B. RESEARCH QUESTION
(QUALITATIVE)

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 FRAMEWORK
DEVELOPMENT

1. ROY: ADAPTATION MODEL

2. OREM: SELF CARE
3. CARING: WATSON & SWANSON
4. KINGS: OPEN SYSTEM MODEL
5. LEININGER: SUNRISE MODEL
6. etc.

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 What is the link between nursing
theory and the research process?

Theory provides direction for nursing research

Relationships of components in a theory help
to drive the research questions for
understanding nursing
Chinn and Kramer (2004), indicate a spiral
relationship between the two

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Nursing also utilizes non-nursing
theories

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 MEMILIH TEORI &
MEMBERIKAN RASIONAL
a. Menganalisis impelementasi sebelumnya
Implementasi terdahulu dapat dijadikan
sebagai masukan untuk menetapkan
intervensi saat ini.
Mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang dapat
ditindaklanjuti untuk ditargetkan dalam
intervensi.
Mengidentifikasi hambatan yang terjadi
serta fasilitas yang memadai.
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b. Mengkaji Beberapa Teori
Mengkaji beberapa teori (keperawatan dan
non keperawatan yang relevan) dan
komponen utamanya yang mungkin sesuai
dengan situasi yang dihadapi
Mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor penentu yang
mempengaruhi suatu perubahan perilaku
atau pemberian intervensi dapat
mempengaruhi hasil yang diinginkan

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c. Kajian Literatur (Literature Review)
What do you know from the literature about
this change mechanism?
What if any theories have been employed for
this type of change?
Consider the strength of this evidence
What have others interested in this
mechanism/strategy previously used?
How well has this mechanism/strategy
produced change?
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 1. COMFORT THEORY (Kolcaba)
Best
Practices

Health Nursing Intervening Enhanced Health Institutional

Care Seeking
Needs Interventions Variables Comfort Behaviors Integrity

Best
Policies

Internal Peaceful External

Behavior Death Behaviors

Kolcaba (2007)

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2. SELF CARE (OREM
Self-care

R R

Conditioning
Conditioning

Self-care

factors
factors

capabilities R Therapeutic
(self-care self-care
agency) < demand

Deficit
Conditioning

R R
factors

Nursing
Agency
(supportive
FIG. OREM SELF CARE DEFICIT Educative)
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 3.CARING
The Structure of Caring

Maintaining
belief
Knowing
Being
with
Doing
for
Enabling
( )
Client
well-
being

Philosoohical Informed understanding Message

attitudes towards of the clinical condition conveyed Therapeutic Intended
persons (in general) (in general) and the to client actions outcome
and the designated situation and client
client (in specific) (in specific)

The structure of caring as linked to the nurses philosophical attitude, informed understandings, message
conveyed, therapeutic actions, and intended outcome. (from Swanson, K. M. [1993]. Nursing as
informed caring for well-being of others. Image: The Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 25 [4], 352-357.)
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 4. Human Interaction for
Goal Attainment (King)
FEEDBACK
PERCEPTION
NURSE
JUDGMENT

ACTION
REAC INTERAC TRANSACTION
TION TION
PATIENT ACTION

JUDGMENT

PERCEPTION

FEEDBACK

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5. SUNRISE (LEININGER)

Health (well being)

Of

Individuals, families, group and

institutions

Diverse health systems

Diverse health Nursing Professional

systems
system

Nursing care decisions and actions

cultural care preservation/ maintenance
cultural care accommodation/
negotiation
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cultural care repatterning/ restructuring

Culture congruent care

 Father
or intimate
partner

a Mother Infant a
cb b
c
d d

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 7. SERVEQUAL
PERCEIVED SERVICE QUALITY
(Parasuraman)
Word of Personal Past
mouth needs experience

Service Quality
Expected
Dimensions: Service Quality Assessment
service
(RATER) 1. Expectations exceeded
Reliability ES<PS (Quality surprise)
Assurance Perceived 2. Expectations met
Tangibles service ES~PS (Satisfactory quality)
Empathy 3. Expectations not met
Responsiveness ES>PS (Unacceptable quality)

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 8. MODEL OF PERCEIVED
UNCERTAINTY IN ILLNESS Coping:
Mobilizing
Strategies
Affect-
control
strategies

Danger (+)
Stimulati frame

Appraisal
Symptom pattern (-) Interference
Event familiarity Uncertainty Illusion Adaptation
Even congruency
(+) Opportunity (+)
(+)
(-)
Cognitive Structure providers Coping:
capacities Credible authority buffering
Social support strategies
Education

Model of perceived uncertainty in illness. (from Mishel, M. H. [1988, Winter]. Uncertainty

in illnes. Image: The Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 20, 226)
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9. Lazarus & Folkman (1984) & MBI (1996)

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 How do you expect to get from
CURRENT EBP
PRACTICE
Where are you now?
Where do you want to be?
Potential Barriers to change?
Possible facilitators to Change?

=HOW to get to desired outcomes, EBP

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 5 Steps to EBP
1. Ask the burning clinical question
2. Collect the most relevant and best evidence
3. Critically appraise the evidence
4. Integrate all evidence with ones clinical
expertise, patient preferences, and values in
making a practice decision or change
5. Evaluate the practice decision or change

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 Forming A Good Questions:
EVIDENCE BASED - PICO
P = Patient population or disease of interest (age, gender,
ethnicity, with a certain disorder hepatitis)
I = Intervention or range of interventions of interest
(exposure to disease, prognostic factor A, risk behavior)
C = Comparison, you want to compare the intervention
against (no disease, placebo or no intervention,
prognostic factor B, absence of risk factor)
O = Outcome of interest (accuracy of diagnosis, rate
of occurrence of adverse outcome)
In (P) immobile acute care patients, what is the effect
of (I) turning every 2 hours on (O) prevention of
pressure ulcers compared with (C) not turning
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patients every 2 hours?
 d. Memberikan Rasional pada Teori
yang Dipilih
Determinan Teori/model Komponen Rasional
program intervensi

Rasa nyaman Theory of Pengembangan nurse-led Kolcaba menjelaskan

Comfort clinic untuk mengatasi kebutuhan pelayanan
(Kolcaba) nyeri neuropati kesehatan sebagai suatu
kebutuhan akan
kenyamanan dengan
menentukan desain tindakan
comfort melaui nurse-led
clinic diharapkan dapat
meningkatkan kenyamanan
pasien yang mengalami
nyeri neuropati

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Kemandirian Self care deficit Supportive-educative Teori Orem menjelaskan
pasien theory (Orem) system: melatih teknik tentang bagaimana
purse lips breathing pada seseorang dapat
pasien dengan PPOK meningkatkan kemandirian
seseorang dalam memenuhi
kebutuhannya, dengan
mengajarkan teknik purse
lips breathing pasien dapat
melakukan sendiri saat
sesak untuk meningkatkan
pernapasannya.

Kemampuan Adaptation Penggunaan Teori Roy menjelaskan

adaptasi model (Roy) polyethylene wrap pada upaya individu untuk dapat
BBLR beradaptasi dengan situasi
Caring terhadap atau lingkungan sekitar.
adaptasi pada pasien BBLR diupayakan untuk
HIV dapat beradapasi dengan
suhu ruangan yang berbeda
dengan ketika masih dalam
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 Adaptation Model
Input Control Effectors Output
processes

Coping Physiological function

Stimuli mechanisms Adaptive
Adaptation Self-concept and
Regulator Role function
level Cognator ineffective
Interdependence response

Feedback

Person as adaptive system. (From Roy, C. [1984]. Introduction to nursing: An adaptation model
[2nd ed., p. 30]. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.)
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 STRESSOR RESP. PERCEPTION (COGNATOR)
(Enviromental Role Sell-Concept
Interdepen- Physiological
stimuli External) Function dence Mode
RESP. BIOLOGICAL

Caring
Behavior
-Predisposing INDIVIDU
(Demographics)

--Enabling
functional psychological
--Reinforcing
status state

Severity of Psychosocial
Deseast
Interpersonal IMMUNE
Relations STATUS ?
Treatment
Regimen

MODEL - ADAPTASI DARI ROY

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(Nursalam, 2007)
 PNI
Psycho Neuro Immunology HEALTH

Lived Experience

Potential Psychosocial
Co-Factors Moderators Psychosocial
Functioning

Person Neuro-
Immunological Quality of Life
Factors Perceived Coping Endocrine
Mediators
Stress Pattern Mediators
s Physical
Pre tx: Health
Critical
Factors
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 PNI

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 COGNATOR
Internal
stimuli
Processes for
C Intact pathways
and apparatus for
Perceptual/ information Selective attention, coding,
processing and memory

A
Perceptio
nLearning Imitation,
reinforcement, insight
R

Problem Solving & Psychomotor choice Effectors Response

Judgeme Decision Making of response

I nt ADAPTIF
Emotion Defenses to seek
relief , affective
N
appraisal &
attachement
GExternal
stimuli

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PAKAR
 REGULATOR
Neural
Internal Spinal Effectors Automatic
stimuli cord;brainstem and reflex
autonomic reflexes response
Chemical

Intac Intact Responsiveness of Hormonal Responsiveness of Body

endocrine glands output target organs or response
Pathways
Circulation to & from tissues

CNS

Chemical

External
stimuli
Neural Perception Short term Psychomotor Effectors
memory choice of
response

Long term
memory

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PENERAPAN TOERI ROY & PNI TERHADAP RESPON ADAPTASI
BIOPSIKOSIOSPIRITUAL PADA PASIEN HIV AIDS
CARING (PAKAR)

Biologis: IO, UP Psikologis (coping) Sosial (interaksi) Spiritual (mengambil

hikmah)

RESPONS PERSEPSI
(KOGNISI)
K
Respons Spiritual Respons Sosial Respons Penerimaan diri O
P
Harapan Emosi Denial I
Tabah Cemas Anger N
Hikmah Interaksi Bargaining H
G
O
Depression-Acceptance
S
T
RESPONS
BIOLOGIS

HPA-AXIS D
Adrenal a
(Cortisol ) b
b
IL2,IFN- a
Th-1 Th-2
Sel Plasma
(CD4 ) (CD4 ) M
IFN- c
E
Ab- HIV
n
NK-cell CTL
w
e
e

Nursalam (2007) 2
0
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0
1
FRAMEWORK (p.403 ADAPTATION & PNI)
Counseling for patient
with Stress pre op

Learning process
(cognator)
Perception Coping (+)
(+)
Cognition -
Emotion

Stress A
D
A
Hypotalamus
H (CRF)
P
Adrenal medulla T
P (Catecolamines A
Pituitary
(ACTH) - endorphin T
A I
Adrenal Cortex Vital signs O
AXIS (Cortisol ) (T, P, R, PB) N

IMMUNE RESPONSE MODULATION

(CD4; cytokin; IgG)
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Pencapaian Becoming a Mengajarkan teknik Teori Mercer sebagai acuan untuk
peran ibu Mother kangaroo mother care mencapai peran seorang ibu dapat
(Mercer) digunakan untuk mendasari KMC
dalam upaya mendekatkan ikatan
antara ibu dan bayi serta melatih ibu
untuk merawat bayinya dengan penuh
kasih sayang

Interaksi Interpersonal Intervensi cognitive Teori peplau menjelaskan tentang

sosial relation behavior therapy kemampuan dalam memahami diri
(Peplau) (CBT) pada pasien sendiri dan orang lain sehingga tepat
menarik diri untuk mengatasi masalah keperawatan
menarik melalui fase orientasi, fase
identifikasi, fase resolusi, fase
eksplorasi yang sesuai dengan dengan
tahapan CBT yaitu tahap orientasi,
tahap kerja, dan tahap terminasi

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Holistic Caring Penerapan caring dalam Teori ini menekankan peran
Care (Swanson) meningktkan mutu dan caring dalam meningkatkan
keselamatan pasien pelayanan berfokus pada
pasien (kepuasan) dan
mencegah terjadinnya
adverse event (dekubitus,
medication error, plebitis,
pneumonia, infeksi daerah
operasi, dan jatuh).

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 e. Identifikasi kesenjangan

Memetakan keadaan pasien saat ini dan

memetakan teori secara ideal
Mengidentifikasi adanya kesenjangan yang
terjadi antara keadaan pasien dengan teori.
Menganalisis apa yang perlu dilakukan untuk
mengatasi kesenjangan tersebut.

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4. WRITE AIM AND OBJECTIVES

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 RUMUS TUJUAN
BLOOM + Tuj. Penlitian + (V V)
(C2-C6)
Menjelaskan DESKRIPSI
Menganalisis
PERBEDAAN
Mengidentifikasi
HUBUNGAN
Mempelajari
Mengukur
PENGARUH
dll SEBAB-AKIBAT
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TUJUAN (adaptasi & PNI) - konseling
Umum: Menjelaskan pengaruh konseling terhadap penurunan
TTV dan modulasi respons imun pada pasien pre
Operasi

Khusus
1. Menjelaskan pengaruh konseling terhadap coping pasien
2. Menjelaskan pengaruh konseling terhadap penurunan respons
stres
3. Menjelaskan pengaruh konseling terhadap penurunan tanda
tanda vital
4. Menjelaskan pengaruh penerapan caring terhadap modulasi
respons imun (cortisol,CD4; cytokin; Ig)

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 TUJUAN PENELITIAN
(UMUM & KHUSUS)

TUJUAN UMUM TUJUAN KHUSUS

1. Menganalisis pengaruh
Menjelaskan (Bloom) penyuluhan terhadap
pengaruh (tujuan) pengetahuan ibu
penyuluhan (v.i)
2. Menganalisis pengaruh penyuluhan
terhadap perubahan
terhadap sikap ibu setelah
perilaku ibu untuk mendapatkan penyuluhan
datang ke Posyandu
(v.d) . 3. Menganalisis pengaruh penyuluhan
terhadap rutinitas datang ke
Posyandu
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 CONTOH JUDUL
Menjelaskan (dihilangkan)
PENGARUH PENYULUHAN TERHADAP
PERUBAHAN PERILAKU IBU
DATANG KE POSYANDU
Atau
PENYULUHAN KES DALAM PERUBAHAN
PERILAKU IBU DATANG KE POSYANDU

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 5. JUDUL / TOPIK
PENELITIAN
1. SINGKAT DAN JELAS
2. TIDAK MELEBIHI 12 KATA
3. TERGAMBAR TUJUAN DAN VARIABEL
PENELITIAN (DESAIN, SAMPEL, TEMPAT)

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 TITLE TO EXPLAIN (TAKE OUT)
EFFECT OF PRE OP COUNSELING IN NURSING
CARE ON REDUCING STRESS RESPONSE, VITAL
SIGNS AND IMMUNE RESPONSE MODULATION
FOR PATIENT WITH PRE OP
OR
PRE OP COUNSELING IN NURSING CARE ON
REDUCING STRESS RESPONSE, VITAL SIGNS,
AND IMMUNE RESPONSE MODULATION FOR
PATIENT WITH PRE OP
Oleh: Nursalam
NIM . 090214910D

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 MANFAAT PENELITIAN
Manfaat teoritis
penyuluhan sebagai stimulus dalam proses
pembelajaran dalam merubah kognisi seseorang
berdasarkan konsep Adaptasi (Roy) dan PNI
(Ader)
Manfaat praktis
Merubah perilaku pasien secara positif untuk
datang ke POSYANDU dalam mencegah sakit
pada anak BALITA.
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 6. WRITE CHAPTER 1
(INTRODUCTION)
1.1 BACKGROUND (MSKS / MKSS)
1.2 SEARCHING RESEARCH PROBLEM
1.3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1.4 AIM AND OBJECTIVE (BASED ON
FRAMEWORK)
1.5 BENEFIT

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 CHAPTER 1,2,3: ALREADY
BAB 1 S/D BAB 3 SUDAH TERJAWAB

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1. Background (MSKS / MKSS)
Paragraph 1: problems (F1 & F2)
Paragraph 2: scale of the problems
Paragraph 3: chronological
Paragraph 4: Solution
2. Research questions
3. Aim and objectives
4. Benefit (theoretically & Practice)
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
CHAPTER 3: FRAMEWORK AND HYPOTHESIS
CHAPTER 4: RESEACH METHODS nursalam-MASALAH
 7. WRITE CHAPTER 4
(RESEARCH METHODS)

D DESIGN (non experiment & experiment)

S SAMPLE (POPULATION, SAMPLING,
SAMPLE SIZE)
V VARIABLE (independent, dependent, ........)
I INSTRUMENT (Observation, questionnaire, scale,
in vivo vitro, in depth interview)
A ANALYSIS (T-S-S-V)
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 8. MEMULAI RISET
(pengumpulan data dst)

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 9. MENULIS HASIL DAN
MEMASUKAN KE JURNAL

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 BAGAIMANA
PENULISAN
NASKAH dlm
JURNAL YG BAIK
? Suhadi Ibnu (2013)

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 Jurnal
Publikasi (berkala) ilmiah yang
memuat informasi tentang kegiatan
dan hasil kegiatan bidang IPTEKS
tertentu
Berfungsi mengkomunikasikan
aktivitas dan hasil pengembangan
IPTEKS
Sarana komunikasi ilmiah antara
pihak-pihak yang terlibat di bidang
IPTEKS yang sama/sejenis

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Ciri-ciri Artikel dalam Jurnal Ilmiah

Mempunyai bentuk, struktur, dan

isi dengan sifat tertentu
Penulisannya mengikuti kaidah,
pola, dan teknik tertentu
Kaidah, pola, dan teknik penulisan
(mungkin) dipengaruhi gaya
selingkung yang ditetapkan
Dewan Penyunting.

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Sifat Artikel Ilmiah

Objektif
Rasional
Kritis
Pembaharu dan
up-to-date

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 Muatan Jurnal
(Menurut Peraturan Dirjen Dikti No.49/DIKTI/Kep/2011

Artikel Utama
Artikel Hasil Penelitian
Artikel Telaah
Review Buku Baru
Case Report
Obituari

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Contoh:
ARTIKEL HASIL PENELITIAN
KUANTITATIF
1. Judul
2. Nama Penulis
3. Abstrak dan Kata kunci
4. Bagian Pendahuluan
5. Bahan dan Metode
6. Hasil dan Pembahasan
7. Simpulan dan Saran
8. Daftar Rujukan (5 thn terakhir)

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 KUALITATIF

Judul
Nama penulis
Abstrak
Pendahuluan
Metode (fenomenologi, grounded theory, etnografi,
study kasus, biografi)
Hasil dan Pembahasan
Simpulan dan Saran
Daftar Pustaka

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Format Artikel Penelitian (Cout: MGW)
-----------JUDUL -----------
Penulis
bstrak: -------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------
ata kunci: -------------------------------
-------Pendahuluan (tanpa sub judul) -----------------
---------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------
BAHAN & METODE
-------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------
HASIL
-------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------
BAHASAN
-------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------
SIMPULAN DAN SARAN
-------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------
DAFTAR RUJUKAN

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 1. JUDUL
1. SINGKAT DAN JELAS
2. TIDAK MELEBIHI 10 (Inggris) - 12 KATA (Indonesia)
3. TERGAMBAR TUJUAN DAN VARIABEL PENELITIAN (DESAIN,
SAMPEL, TEMPAT)

Contoh:
Model Asuhan keperawatan terhadap respons kognisi dan biologis
pada penderita HIV AIDS (jurnal Ners, vol. 6 no. 2011
Prediktor beban merawat dan tingkat depresi pada caregiver dlm merawat
Lansia dgn dimensia di masyarakat.
(jurnal ners, vol. 8 no.1 2013
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2. Abstrak dan Kata Kunci: I-M-R-A-D

I: Masalah dan/atau
tujuan penelitian
M: Metode/pendekatan
R-A:Hasil penelitian
D: Discussion & Conclusion

Dua versi: B.
Indonesia dan
Inggris
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Contoh: ABSTRACT (by Nursalam, Kadek, Mishabatul, Effendy)
JNEP (2014)
SLEEP HYGIENE BEHAVIOR AMONG BALINESE ADOLESCENT
Introduction: Sleep hygiene is very important for predicting the quality and quantity of sleep in
adolescent students. Studies in recent yearsshowed thenumber ofadolescentswhoget sleep
disturbancesdue topoor sleepbehaviorincreased by 72,9%, however only a few study explored the
sleep hygiene behaviour particularly from developing country setting. The purpose of this study
was to know sleep hygiene in adolescent students in Bali. Method: Design used in this study was
descriptive analytic with cross-sectional approach. The population was all students of class X and
XI in PGRI Negara High School. Total sample was 46 respondents. Data were collected by using
questionnaires modification Adolescent Sleep Hygiene Scale (ASHS) and it was analyzed by using
multiple linear regression test with level of significance <0,05. Result: The result showed that
sleep hygiene for adolescents Balinese in terms of most of the physiological aspect of sleep
hygiene behaviors to have enough category(50,00%). Reviewed from the cognitive aspect showed
on less category(71,74%). Most have sleephygiene behavior with good category(41,32%) on the
emotional aspect. The sleep environment aspect showed on lessc ategory(45,65%). The daytime
sleep aspect, most have sleep hygiene behavior with enough category(50,00%) and the sleep
stability aspect on less category(43,48%). Discussion and conclusion: It can be concluded that
most of Balinese adolescents has sleep hygiene with less to moderate category. Further studies
should be done related intervention to improve sleep quality.
Keywords : sleep hygiene, Balinese, adolescent

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3. Bagian Pendahuluan (MKSS)

Berisi:
Masalah penelitian
Kronologis
Skala masalah
Solusi (usulan pemecahan)
Tujuan

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 4. BAHAN DAN METODE PENELITIAN:
D-S-V-I-A
Desain
Populasi, sampel, sampel size, sampling
Variabel
Instruments & bahan
Analysis
Etchical clearance??? wajib utk Jurnal
International

(Untuk penelitian kualitatif:

Mengikuti kaidah penelitian
kualitatif)

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5. HASIL (WHAT) & PEMBAHASAN
NO ITEM PENJELASAN
Bagian Kalimat Pengantar
Deskriptif (Isi) Gambaran Lokasi Penelitian
Data Umum: Penyajian karakteristik pasien yg
diteliti (tidak ditampilkan)
Data Khusus: Penyajian variabel yg diteliti secara
rinci(tabel, gambar dll)
Setiap Tabel / gambar harus dijelaskan di bawahnya,
meliputi:
1) Amati data yg ada
2) Hubungan pokok yg akan diuji
3) Mencari angka-angka yg
menyimpang
4) Tulis hasil uji statistik

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 PEMBAHASAN
PERLU PENJABARAN PERTANYAAN WHY & HOW
1. Isi: F-T-O: Fakta (hasil penelitian); Teori; dan Opini
(pendapat peneliti)
2. Menganalisa makna penemuan penelitian (hasil dihubungkan dgn.
pertanyaan penelitian: membandingkan dgn. temuan sebelumnya
(apakah memperkuat; berlawanan; atau sama sekali baru)
3. Setiap pertanyaan dijelaskan (didukung dgn. referensi yg memadai)
4. Menghubungkan dgn ilmu teori yg ada; fakta di lapangan
5. Perlu dituliskan hasil temuan dan keterbatasan
6. Penulisan secara wajar (tidak berlebihan) menuliskan makna hasil
penelitian

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 6. SIMPULAN DAN SARAN
Isi kesimpulan:
1) Menjawab masalah atau tujuan (khusus) penelitian / membuktikan
hipotesis
2) Didasarkan pada hasil dan pembahasan
3) Memberikan makna dari temuan
4) Menggunakan bahasa yang jelas dan singkat
5) Meminimalkan / meniadakan hasil-hasil angka statistik
SARAN
Saran harus operasional dan dapat diterapkan
Dituliskan berdasarkan kesimpulan yang masih belum sesuai dengan
tujuan penelitian ataupun adanya kesenjangan dengan fakta dan standar
Ditujukan untuk kepentingan masayarakat (konsumen) dan
perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan (i.e. perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih
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 SIMPULAN
KIAT-KIAT KEBERHASILAN
1. Tergantung pada kinerja pengelola berkala
2. Keseriusan penulis artikel dlm mendukung pengelola
berkala agar dapat terakreditasi dengan mengikuti
aturan penulisan/gaya selingkung berkala ilmiah
3. Harus ada kerjasama yang baik antara penulis dan
penerbit/pengelola berkala
4. Substansi artikel yang berkualitas
5. Meminamilisasi penghambat penerbitan (biaya, tidak
adanya artikel yang bermutu dan layak untuk
diterbitkan)

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You dont have to be great to get started,
but you have to get started to be great
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--------- Les Brown ----------