SECTION 1

Population

Flag

Map

Currency
POPULATION

At the moment Romania's population is around 19

million.
It
has been decreasing since the 1990's, when it hit
more than 23 million.
ROMANIAN FLAG

Significance
Yellow - a symbol of generosity.
Red - hardiness, bravery and
strength.
Blue
- vigilance, truth and loyalty,
perseverance & justice.
MAP OF
ROMANIA
Romania is
surrounded by
Hungary, Ukraine,
Moldova, Serbia,
Bulgaria and the
Black Sea.
It is located in the
GMT + 2 time zone.
CURRENCY
InRomania the Leu is
used on a daily basis.
5 Leu is equal to
almost 2 Euro.
SECTION 2

History of Romania.

EU membership.

Educational system.
HISTORY OF ROMANIA
1881
1950s
Kingdom of Romania officially proclaimed.
After Stalin's death, Romania begins to distance
1892 itself from Moscow.
The leaders of the Romanians of Transylvania sent a
1989
Memorandum to the Austro-Hungarian Emperor,
Romanians unite in protests against the communist
Franz Joseph demanding an end to persecutions
leadership and local demonstrations sparked a
and Magyarization attempts.
national uprising that finally ousted communist ruler
1914 Nicolae Ceausescu and his cabinet.
King Carol I dies. He is succeeded by his nephew
1990
King Ferdinand I (1914-1927).
First free, multi-party elections after WWII are held
Romania enters WWI on the side of the Triple
in Romania.
Entente aiming to regain its lost territories
1991
1941
Romanians vote for a new Constitution.
Marshall Ion Antonescu imposes a military
dictatorship. 2004
In order to regain Bessarabia, Romania enters WWII Romania joins NATO (North Atlantic Treaty
against the Soviet Union. Organization).
1945 2007
The Yalta Agreement makes Romania part of the Romania becomes a member of the European
Soviet system. Union.
Communist-dominated government installed.
 EU MEMBERSHIP
Romania joined the EU in 2007. Almost 40% of the
workforce are engaged in agriculture. However, the
majority of the farms are small and farmers rely on
traditional methods of farming. EU membership is likely to
have a huge effect on their agriculture with many
subsides becoming available to the farmers over the
coming years.
Between the years 2007 2013 Romania will have
received the highest allocation (30 billion) of all the new
EU members. Most of these funds will be invested into the
local infrastructure e.g. roads, schools and hospitals.
Since becoming a member of the EU, the economy of
Romania has been growing steadily therefore attracting
large amounts of foreign investment. Foreign direct
investment in Romania was more than 8,000 million in
2006. Many multinational companies including Nokia and
Ford have opened production plants here. The country
has one of the lowest tax rates in Europe.
 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
Education in Romania is compulsory for 11 years (from the
preparatory school year to the tenth grade). With the
exception of kindergarten (preschool) and tertiary
education (university) the private sector has a very low
presence in the Romanian education system. Education
became compulsory in Romania in the 19th century, in
1864, under ruler Alexandru Ioan Cuza, when four years of
primary school became free and compulsory for all
children, regardless of social class and sex. Despite this, the
law was not enforced, and mass illiteracy persisted well
into the 20th century: in the 1930s, 43% of adults were
illiterate. The Romanian literacy campaigns started in 1948
largely eradicated illiteracy in the 1950s.
The education system of Romania resembles the French
education system. During the communist era, it was
strongly influenced by the Soviet education system
(especially in the 1950s), and it included political
propaganda, as well as hours of compulsory physical work
by school children (usually in agriculture).
SECTION 3

Culture
 LANGUAGE

Romanian is the official language of English Romanian PRONUNCIATION

Romania.
Romanian is actually easier for English
speakers to understand than it is Hello/Good Bun ziua. Boo-nuh zee-
assumed. If you've studied other day. wa.
Romance language, such as Italian,
Spanish, French or Portuguese, you may
feel at home sooner than you think. Good-bye. La revedere. La rev-eh-de-ray
Romanian is a phonetic language, so
words are pronounced as they are
spelled. Thank you Mulumesc. Mool-tsoo-mesk
English has quickly overtaken French as
the country's second language,
especially with the young people. Excuse me... Scuzai-m. . . Skoo-za-tsi ma
Communicating in English in large towns
in cities should not be a problem.
RELIGIONS
 TOP TOURIST
DESTINATIONS
 Peles Castle, built at the command of
the first Romanian king (actually a
German prince), was the first truly
modern castle in Europe. Construction
started in 1873 and was finished only in
1914. The overwhelming interiors,
boasting several styles from Moorish to
German Neo-Renaissance, house fine
collections of paintings, ceramics,
sculptures and weapons. But the wood
carving is the main asset of the castle,
probably matched only by the beauty
of the Carpathian Mountains which
surround the castle like in a perfect
postcard.

1) PELES CASTLE
2) THE CARPATHIAN
MOUNTAINS
Tall craggy cliffs, gentle slopes,
green meadows, unique wild
plants, the largest population of
bears to be found in Europe,
impressive narrow gorges and
stunning panoramic views all of
these can be found in the
Carpathian Mountains. They are
not just a natural wonder, but they
also represent the cradle of the
Romanian civilization since it is
here that their ancestors retreated
to in times of invasions.
The Western Carpathians, with
their impressive caves and
sinkholes, still boast a well
preserved rural life. It is here that
you can find the occasional
houses and small villages, and a
way of life that vanished years
ago in most other places.
 Napoleon used to call it the king of all
rivers, and there are many reasons for
this. It is the only major river which
connects Europe from west to east,
thus making it one of the most
strategic rivers on the continent. It gets
to Romania in the south-eastern part of
the country and soon forms the
stunning gorge known as the Iron
Gates. This area is not just a splendid
natural zone but also it is here that you
can see two mountain ranges the
Carpathians and the Balkan Mountains
and two countries, Serbia and
Romania.

3)DANUBE RIVER
4)BUCHAREST
Bucharest, probably the most
underrated city in Europe, is the
city of contrasts. Green, large
French-style boulevards run
through many areas of the city.
Next to them, there are likely to be
small, picturesque streets
squeezed by ugly Communist
blocks. Beautiful green
neighborhoods with 19th and 20th-
century villas built in different styles
coexist next to the slums of poor
minorities.
Bucharest is a lively city with an
Old Town full of restaurants and
bars. Parks such as the lovely
Cismigiu Gardens can be a
wonderful retreat during the
scorching summer days. Bucharest
is a place of culture, with a great
many theaters and jazz bars. It is a
city full of history, unspoiled, and
happily, still free of mass tourism.
 TRADITIONAL FOOD
Romania has had influence from both invaders and
neighbors where its traditional cuisine is concerned.
Romania's traditional food sees touches of Turkish,
Hungarian, Austrian, and other cuisines, but over the
years, these dishes have become just as traditional as
the oldest Romanian traditional foods.
Romanian traditional foods heavily feature meat.
Cabbage rolls, sausages, and stews (like tocanita) are
popular main dishes.
Muschi poiana consists of mushroom- and bacon-
stuffed beef in a puree of vegetables and tomato
sauce. You can also sample traditional Romanian fish
dishes, like the salty, grilled carp called saramura.